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Tan W, Cao Y, Ge L, Li G, Liu P. Association of Barrett's esophagus with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a bidirectional analysis of Mendelian randomization. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1269514. [PMID: 38250278 PMCID: PMC10796615 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1269514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have reported associations between Barrett's esophagus (BE) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), but the causal relationship remained unclear due to potential confounding biases. Our study aimed to elucidate this causal relationship by deploying a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology. Methods Instrumental variables (IVs) for Barrett's esophagus were obtained from a public database that comprised 13,358 cases and 43,071 controls. To investigate OSAS, we utilized summary statistics from a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) encompassing 38,998 cases of OSAS and 336,659 controls. Our MR analyses adopted multiple techniques, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger, and simple mode. Results The IVW analysis established a causal relationship between Barrett's esophagus and OSAS, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.19 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.11-1.28 (p = 8.88E-07). Furthermore, OSAS was identified as a contributing factor to the onset of Barrett's esophagus, with an OR of 1.44 and a 95% CI of 1.33-1.57 (p = 7.74E-19). Notably, the MR-Egger intercept test found no evidence of directional pleiotropy (p > 0.05). Conclusion This study identifies a potential association between BE and an increased occurrence of OSAS, as well as the reverse relationship. These insights could influence future screening protocols and prevention strategies for both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Yanli Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Liang Ge
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Guangcai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
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Jin Y, Yu X, Li J, Su M, Li X. Causal effects and immune cell mediators between prescription analgesic use and risk of infectious diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1319127. [PMID: 38193081 PMCID: PMC10772142 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1319127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical observations have found that prolonged use of analgesics increases the incidence of infection. However, the direct causal relationship between prescription analgesic use (PAU) and risk of infection (ROI) remains unclear. Methods This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) design to estimate the causal effect of PAU on ROI, as well as their mediating factors. Genetic data on prescription analgesics use and immune cells were obtained from published GWAS. Additionally, data on ROI were extracted from the FinnGen database. Two-sample MR analysis and multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis were performed using inverse variance weighting (IVW) to ascertain the causal association between PAU and ROI. Finally, 731 immune cell phenotypes were analyzed for their mediating role between analgesics and infection. Results Using two-sample MR, IVW modeling showed that genetically predicted opioid use was associated with increased risk of pulmonary infection (PI) (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.21, p< 0.001) and upper respiratory infection (URI) (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.30, p< 0.001); non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were related to increased risk of skin and subcutaneous tissue infection (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05-1.39, p = 0.007), and antimigraine preparations were linked to a reduced risk of virus hepatitis (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.91, p< 0.001). In MVMR, the association of opioids with URI and PI remained after accounting for cancer conditions. Even with a stricter threshold (p< 0.05/30), we found a significant causal association between opioids and respiratory infections (URI/PI). Finally, mediation analyses found that analgesics influence the ROI through different phenotypes of immune cells as mediators. Conclusion This MR study provides new genetic evidence for the causal relationship between PAU and ROI, and the mediating role of immune cells was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinghao Yu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhu Su
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Zuo M, Wang Z, Li W, Chen S, Yuan Y, Yang Y, Mao Q, Liu Y. Causal effects of potential risk factors on postpartum depression: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1275834. [PMID: 38173707 PMCID: PMC10761415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1275834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a type of depressive episode related to parents after childbirth, which causes a variety of symptoms not only for parents but also affects the development of children. The causal relationship between potential risk factors and PPD remains comprehensively elucidated. Methods Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis was conducted to screen the heritability of each instrumental variant (IV) and to calculate the genetic correlations between effective causal factors and PPD. To search for the causal effect of multiple potential risk factors on the incidence of PPD, random effects of the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method were applied. Sensitivity analyses, including weighted median, MR-Egger regression, Cochrane's Q test, and MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), were performed to detect potential Mendelian randomization (MR) assumption violations. Multivariable MR (MVMR) was conducted to control potential multicollinearity. Results A total of 40 potential risk factors were investigated in this study. LDSC regression analysis reported a significant genetic correlation of potential traits with PPD. MR analysis showed that higher body mass index (BMI) (Benjamini and Hochberg (BH) corrected p = 0.05), major depression (MD) (BH corrected p = 5.04E-19), and schizophrenia (SCZ) (BH corrected p = 1.64E-05) were associated with the increased risk of PPD, whereas increased age at first birth (BH corrected p = 2.11E-04), older age at first sexual intercourse (BH corrected p = 3.02E-15), increased average total household income before tax (BH corrected p = 4.57E-02), and increased years of schooling (BH corrected p = 1.47E-11) led to a decreased probability of PPD. MVMR analysis suggested that MD (p = 3.25E-08) and older age at first birth (p = 8.18E-04) were still associated with an increased risk of PPD. Conclusion In our MR study, we found multiple risk factors, including MD and younger age at first birth, to be deleterious causal risk factors for PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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