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Barra ALC, Ullah N, Brognaro H, Gutierrez RF, Wrenger C, Betzel C, Nascimento AS. Structure and dynamics of the staphylococcal pyridoxal 5-phosphate synthase complex reveal transient interactions at the enzyme interface. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107404. [PMID: 38782204 PMCID: PMC11237949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a significant cause of death, and recent studies estimate that common bacterial infectious diseases were responsible for 13.6% of all global deaths in 2019. Among the most significant bacterial pathogens is Staphylococcus aureus, accounting for more than 1.1 million deaths worldwide in 2019. Vitamin biosynthesis has been proposed as a promising target for antibacterial therapy. Here, we investigated the biochemical, structural, and dynamic properties of the enzyme complex responsible for vitamin B6 (pyridoxal 5-phosphate, PLP) biosynthesis in S. aureus, which comprises enzymes SaPdx1 and SaPdx2. The crystal structure of the 24-mer complex of SaPdx1-SaPdx2 enzymes indicated that the S. aureus PLP synthase complex forms a highly dynamic assembly with transient interaction between the enzymes. Solution scattering data indicated that SaPdx2 typically binds to SaPdx1 at a substoichiometric ratio. We propose a structure-based view of the PLP synthesis mechanism initiated with the assembly of SaPLP synthase complex that proceeds in a highly dynamic interaction between Pdx1 and Pdx2. This interface interaction can be further explored as a potentially druggable site for the design of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Luana C Barra
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Najeeb Ullah
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hévila Brognaro
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Raissa F Gutierrez
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carsten Wrenger
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Christian Betzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Rosli NA, Al-Maleki AR, Loke MF, Tay ST, Rofiee MS, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Vadivelu J. Exposure of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin in vitro resulting in the development of resistance and triggers metabolic reprogramming associated with virulence and pathogenicity. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298434. [PMID: 38446753 PMCID: PMC10917248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In H. pylori infection, antibiotic-resistance is one of the most common causes of treatment failure. Bacterial metabolic activities, such as energy production, bacterial growth, cell wall construction, and cell-cell communication, all play important roles in antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Identification of microbial metabolites may result in the discovery of novel antimicrobial therapeutic targets and treatments. The purpose of this work is to assess H. pylori metabolomic reprogramming in order to reveal the underlying mechanisms associated with the development of clarithromycin resistance. Previously, four H. pylori isolates were induced to become resistant to clarithromycin in vitro by incrementally increasing the concentrations of clarithromycin. Bacterial metabolites were extracted using the Bligh and Dyer technique and analyzed using metabolomic fingerprinting based on Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-Q-ToF-MS). The data was processed and analyzed using the MassHunter Qualitative Analysis and Mass Profiler Professional software. In parental sensitivity (S), breakpoint isolates (B), and induced resistance isolates (R) H. pylori isolates, 982 metabolites were found. Furthermore, based on accurate mass, isotope ratios, abundances, and spacing, 292 metabolites matched the metabolites in the Agilent METLIN precise Mass-Personal Metabolite Database and Library (AM-PCDL). Several metabolites associated with bacterial virulence, pathogenicity, survival, and proliferation (L-leucine, Pyridoxone [Vitamine B6], D-Mannitol, Sphingolipids, Indoleacrylic acid, Dulcitol, and D-Proline) were found to be elevated in generated resistant H. pylori isolates when compared to parental sensitive isolates. The elevated metabolites could be part of antibiotics resistance mechanisms. Understanding the fundamental metabolome changes in the course of progressing from clarithromycin-sensitive to breakpoint to resistant in H. pylori clinical isolates may be a promising strategy for discovering novel alternatives therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Asyraf Rosli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anis Rageh Al-Maleki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Mun Fai Loke
- Camtech Biomedical Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sun Tee Tay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Salleh Rofiee
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Education Research and Development Unit (MERDU), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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3
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Li K, Chen Y, Xie J, Cai W, Pang C, Cui C, Huan Y, Deng B. How vitamins act as novel agents for ameliorating diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A comprehensive overview. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102064. [PMID: 37689144 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a pervasive and incapacitating sequela of diabetes, affecting a significant proportion of those diagnosed with the disease, yet an effective treatment remains elusive. Vitamins have been extensively studied, emerging as a promising target for diagnosing and treating various systemic diseases, but their role in DPN is not known. This review collates and synthesizes knowledge regarding the interplay between vitamins and DPN, drawing on bibliographies from prior studies and relevant articles, and stratifying the therapeutic strategies from prophylactic to interventional. In addition, the clinical evidence supporting the use of vitamins to ameliorate DPN is also evaluated, underscoring the potential of vitamins as putative therapeutic agents. We anticipate that this review will offer novel insights for developing and applying vitamin-based therapies for DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezheng Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chunyang Pang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Skåne, Sweden
| | - Yu Huan
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
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4
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Scieuzo C, Giglio F, Rinaldi R, Lekka ME, Cozzolino F, Monaco V, Monti M, Salvia R, Falabella P. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of the Peptide Fractions Extracted from the Hemolymph of Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050464. [PMID: 37233092 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a chemically and structurally heterogeneous family of molecules produced by a large variety of living organisms, whose expression is predominant in the sites most exposed to microbial invasion. One of the richest natural sources of AMPs is insects which, over the course of their very long evolutionary history, have adapted to numerous and different habitats by developing a powerful innate immune system that has allowed them to survive but also to assert themselves in the new environment. Recently, due to the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, interest in AMPs has risen. In this work, we detected AMPs in the hemolymph of Hermetia illucens (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) larvae, following infection with Escherichia coli (Gram negative) or Micrococcus flavus (Gram positive) and from uninfected larvae. Peptide component, isolated via organic solvent precipitation, was analyzed by microbiological techniques. Subsequent mass spectrometry analysis allowed us to specifically identify peptides expressed in basal condition and peptides differentially expressed after bacterial challenge. We identified 33 AMPs in all the analyzed samples, of which 13 are specifically stimulated by Gram negative and/or Gram positive bacterial challenge. AMPs mostly expressed after bacterial challenge could be responsible for a more specific activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Fabiana Giglio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Rinaldi
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Marilena E Lekka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Flora Cozzolino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Vittoria Monaco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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5
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Breijyeh Z, Karaman R. Design and Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030628. [PMID: 36978495 PMCID: PMC10045396 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The necessity for the discovery of innovative antimicrobials to treat life-threatening diseases has increased as multidrug-resistant bacteria has spread. Due to antibiotics' availability over the counter in many nations, antibiotic resistance is linked to overuse, abuse, and misuse of these drugs. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized 12 families of bacteria that present the greatest harm to human health, where options of antibiotic therapy are extremely limited. Therefore, this paper reviews possible new ways for the development of novel classes of antibiotics for which there is no pre-existing resistance in human bacterial pathogens. By utilizing research and technology such as nanotechnology and computational methods (such as in silico and Fragment-based drug design (FBDD)), there has been an improvement in antimicrobial actions and selectivity with target sites. Moreover, there are antibiotic alternatives, such as antimicrobial peptides, essential oils, anti-Quorum sensing agents, darobactins, vitamin B6, bacteriophages, odilorhabdins, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, and cannabinoids. Additionally, drug repurposing (such as with ticagrelor, mitomycin C, auranofin, pentamidine, and zidovudine) and synthesis of novel antibacterial agents (including lactones, piperidinol, sugar-based bactericides, isoxazole, carbazole, pyrimidine, and pyrazole derivatives) represent novel approaches to treating infectious diseases. Nonetheless, prodrugs (e.g., siderophores) have recently shown to be an excellent platform to design a new generation of antimicrobial agents with better efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Ultimately, to combat resistant bacteria and to stop the spread of resistant illnesses, regulations and public education regarding the use of antibiotics in hospitals and the agricultural sector should be combined with research and technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Breijyeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
| | - Rafik Karaman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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6
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Nimma R, Kumar A, Gani Z, Gahlawat A, Dilawari R, Rohilla RK, Kumbhar H, Garg P, Chopra S, Raje M, Iyengar Raje C. Characterization of the enzymatic and multifunctional properties of Acinetobacter baumannii erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase (E4PDH). Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105992. [PMID: 36649779 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) are rapidly increasing worldwide and consequently therapeutic options for treatment are limited. The emergence of multi drug resistant (MDR) strains has rendered available antibiotics ineffective, necessitating the urgent discovery of new drugs and drug targets. The vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathway has been considered as a potential antibacterial drug target but it is as yet uncharacterized for A. baumannii. In the current work, we have carried out in silico and biochemical characterization of Erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase (E4PDH) (EC 1.2.1.72). This enzyme catalyzes the first step in the deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) dependent Vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathway i.e. the conversion of d-erythrose-4-phosphate (E4P) to 4-Phosphoerythronate. E4PDH also possesses an additional activity whereby it can catalyze the conversion of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate (1,3BPG). Our studies have revealed that this enzyme exhibits an alternate moonlighting function as a cell surface receptor for the human iron transport proteins transferrin (Tf) and lactoferrin (Lf). The present work reports the internalization of Tf and consequent iron acquisition as an alternate strategy for iron acquisition. Given its essential role in two crucial pathways i.e. metabolism and iron acquisition, A. baumannii E4PDH may play a vital role in bacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nimma
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Zahid Gani
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Anuj Gahlawat
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Rahul Dilawari
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Rohilla
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Hemangi Kumbhar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Prabha Garg
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-CSIR (CSIR-CDRI), Sector10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Manoj Raje
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Chaaya Iyengar Raje
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
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7
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Denise R, Babor J, Gerlt JA, de Crécy-Lagard V. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthesis and salvage in Bacteria and Archaea: predicting pathway variant distributions and holes. Microb Genom 2023; 9:mgen000926. [PMID: 36729913 PMCID: PMC9997740 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate or PLP is a cofactor derived from B6 vitamers and essential for growth in all known organisms. PLP synthesis and salvage pathways are well characterized in a few model species even though key components, such as the vitamin B6 transporters, are still to be identified in many organisms including the model bacteria Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis. Using a comparative genomic approach, PLP synthesis and salvage pathways were predicted in 5840 bacterial and archaeal species with complete genomes. The distribution of the two known de novo biosynthesis pathways and previously identified cases of non-orthologous displacements were surveyed in the process. This analysis revealed that several PLP de novo pathway genes remain to be identified in many organisms, either because sequence similarity alone cannot be used to discriminate among several homologous candidates or due to non-orthologous displacements. Candidates for some of these pathway holes were identified using published TnSeq data, but many remain. We find that ~10 % of the analysed organisms rely on salvage but further analyses will be required to identify potential transporters. This work is a starting point to model the exchanges of B6 vitamers in communities, predict the sensitivity of a given organism to drugs targeting PLP synthesis enzymes, and identify numerous gaps in knowledge that will need to be tackled in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Denise
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Sciences, Gainesville, USA.,Present address: APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jill Babor
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Sciences, Gainesville, USA
| | | | - Valérie de Crécy-Lagard
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Sciences, Gainesville, USA.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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8
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Sabzi S, Shahbazi S, Noori Goodarzi N, Haririzadeh Jouriani F, Habibi M, Bolourchi N, Mirzaie A, Badmasti F. Genome-Wide Subtraction Analysis and Reverse Vaccinology to Detect Novel Drug Targets and Potential Vaccine Candidates Against Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:107-124. [PMID: 36053401 PMCID: PMC9437403 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis is an emerging tick-borne infection caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen, Ehrlichia chaffeensis. The non-specific symptoms can range from a self-limiting fever to a fatal septic-like syndrome and may be misdiagnosed. The limited treatment choices including doxycycline are effective only in the initiation phase of the infection. It seems that novel therapeutic targets and new vaccine strategies could be effective to control this pathogen. This study is comprised of two major phases. First, the common proteins retrieved through subtractive analysis and potential drug targets were evaluated by subcellular localization, homology prediction, metabolic pathways, druggability, essentiality, protein-protein interaction networks, and protein data bank availability. In the second phase, surface-exposed proteins were assessed based on antigenicity, allergenicity, physiochemical properties, B cell and T cell epitopes, conserved domains, and protein-protein interaction networks. A multi-epitope vaccine was designed and characterized using molecular dockings and immune simulation analysis. Six proteins including WP_011452818.1, WP_011452723.1, WP_006010413.1, WP_006010278.1, WP_011452938.1, and WP_006010644.1 were detected. They belong to unique metabolic pathways of E. chaffeensis that are considered as new essential drug targets. Based on the reverse vaccinology, WP_011452702.1, WP_044193405.1, WP_044170604.1, and WP_006010191.1 proteins were potential vaccine candidates. Finally, four B cell epitopes, including SINNQDRNC, FESVSSYNI, SGKKEISVQSN, and QSSAKRKST, were used to generate the multi-epitope vaccine based on LCL platform. The vaccine showed strong interactions with toll-like receptors and acceptable immune-reactivity by immune simulation analysis. The findings of this study may represent a turning point in developing an effective drug and vaccine against E. chaffeensis. However, further experimental analyses have remained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Sabzi
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran ,Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Shahbazi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Noori Goodarzi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehri Habibi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Bolourchi
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mirzaie
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - Farzad Badmasti
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran ,Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Cappiello F, Casciaro B, Loffredo MR, Puglisi E, Lin Q, Yang D, Conte G, d’Angelo I, Ungaro F, Ferrera L, Barbieri R, Cresti L, Pini A, Di YP, Mangoni ML. Pulmonary Safety Profile of Esc Peptides and Esc-Peptide-Loaded Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Local Treatment of Lung Infectious Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2297. [PMID: 36365116 PMCID: PMC9697339 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, we have discovered Esc(1-21) and its diastereomer (Esc peptides) as valuable candidates for the treatment of Pseudomonas lung infection, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Furthermore, engineered poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were revealed to be a promising pulmonary delivery system of antimicrobial peptides. However, the "ad hoc" development of novel therapeutics requires consideration of their stability, tolerability, and safety. Hence, by means of electrophysiology experiments and preclinical studies on healthy mice, we demonstrated that neither Esc peptides or Esc-peptide-loaded PLGA NPs significantly affect the integrity of the lung epithelium, nor change the global gene expression profile of lungs of treated animals compared to those of vehicle-treated animals. Noteworthy, the Esc diastereomer endowed with the highest antimicrobial activity did not provoke any pulmonary pro-inflammatory response, even at a concentration 15-fold higher than the efficacy dosage 24 h after administration in the free or encapsulated form. The therapeutic index was ≥70, and the peptide was found to remain available in the bronchoalveolar lavage of mice, after two days of incubation. Overall, these studies should open an avenue for a new up-and-coming pharmacological approach, likely based on inhalable peptide-loaded NPs, to address CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Cappiello
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Casciaro
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Loffredo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Puglisi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dandan Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Gemma Conte
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivana d’Angelo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Loretta Ferrera
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaella Barbieri
- Biophysic Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Cresti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Yuanpu Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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10
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Pfanzelt M, Maher TE, Absmeier RM, Schwarz M, Sieber SA. Tailored Pyridoxal Probes Unravel Novel Cofactor-Dependent Targets and Antibiotic Hits in Critical Bacterial Pathogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117724. [PMID: 35199904 PMCID: PMC9321722 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented bacterial targets are urgently needed to overcome the resistance crisis. Herein we systematically mine pyridoxal phosphate‐dependent enzymes (PLP‐DEs) in bacteria to focus on a target class which is involved in crucial metabolic processes. For this, we tailored eight pyridoxal (PL) probes bearing modifications at various positions. Overall, the probes exceeded the performance of a previous generation and provided a detailed map of PLP‐DEs in clinically relevant pathogens including challenging Gram‐negative strains. Putative PLP‐DEs with unknown function were exemplarily characterized via in‐depth enzymatic assays. Finally, we screened a panel of PLP binders for antibiotic activity and unravelled the targets of hit molecules. Here, an uncharacterized enzyme, essential for bacterial growth, was assigned as PLP‐dependent cysteine desulfurase and confirmed to be inhibited by the marketed drug phenelzine. Our approach provides a basis for deciphering novel PLP‐DEs as essential antibiotic targets along with corresponding ways to decipher small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pfanzelt
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas E Maher
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus and Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Ramona M Absmeier
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarz
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan A Sieber
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
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11
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Hogan AM, Cardona ST. Gradients in gene essentiality reshape antibacterial research. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:fuac005. [PMID: 35104846 PMCID: PMC9075587 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential genes encode the processes that are necessary for life. Until recently, commonly applied binary classifications left no space between essential and non-essential genes. In this review, we frame bacterial gene essentiality in the context of genetic networks. We explore how the quantitative properties of gene essentiality are influenced by the nature of the encoded process, environmental conditions and genetic background, including a strain's distinct evolutionary history. The covered topics have important consequences for antibacterials, which inhibit essential processes. We argue that the quantitative properties of essentiality can thus be used to prioritize antibacterial cellular targets and desired spectrum of activity in specific infection settings. We summarize our points with a case study on the core essential genome of the cystic fibrosis pathobiome and highlight avenues for targeted antibacterial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Hogan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, 45 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Silvia T Cardona
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, 45 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Room 543 - 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
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12
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Maleki Dizaj S, Salatin S, Khezri K, Lee JY, Lotfipour F. Targeting Multidrug Resistance With Antimicrobial Peptide-Decorated Nanoparticles and Polymers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:831655. [PMID: 35432230 PMCID: PMC9009044 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As a category of small peptides frequently found in nature, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute a major part of the innate immune system of various organisms. Antimicrobial peptides feature various inhibitory effects against fungi, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Due to the increasing concerns of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms, development of antimicrobial peptides is an emerging tool as a favorable applicability prospect in food, medicine, aquaculture, animal husbandry, and agriculture. This review presents the latest research progress made in the field of antimicrobial peptides, such as their mechanism of action, classification, application status, design techniques, and a review on decoration of nanoparticles and polymers with AMPs that are used in treating multidrug resistance. Lastly, we will highlight recent progress in antiviral peptides to treat emerging viral diseases (e.g., anti-coronavirus peptides) and discuss the outlook of AMP applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khezri
- Deputy of Food and Drug Administration, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jyh-Yeuan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Exploring Nucleation Pathways in Distinct Physicochemical Environments Unveiling Novel Options to Modulate and Optimize Protein Crystallization. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The scientific discussion about classical and nonclassical nucleation theories has lasted for two decades so far. Recently, multiple nucleation pathways and the occurrence and role of metastable intermediates in crystallization processes have attracted increasing attention, following the discovery of functional phase separation, which is now under investigation in different fields of cellular life sciences, providing interesting and novel aspects for conventional crystallization experiments. In this context, more systematic investigations need to be carried out to extend the current knowledge about nucleation processes. In terms of the data we present, a well-studied model protein, glucose isomerase (GI), was employed first to investigate systematically the early stages of the crystallization process, covering condensing and prenucleation ordering of protein molecules in diverse scenarios, including varying ionic and crowding agent conditions, as well as the application of a pulsed electric field (pEF). The main method used to characterize the early events of nucleation was synchronized polarized and depolarized dynamic light scattering (DLS/DDLS), which is capable of collecting the polarized and depolarized component of scattered light from a sample suspension in parallel, thus monitoring the time-resolved evolution of the condensation and geometrical ordering of proteins at the early stages of nucleation. A diffusion interaction parameter, KD, of GI under varying salt conditions was evaluated to discuss how the proportion of specific and non-specific protein–protein interactions affects the nucleation process. The effect of mesoscopic ordered clusters (MOCs) on protein crystallization was explored further by adding different ratios of MOCs induced by a pEF to fresh GI droplets in solution with different PEG concentrations. To emphasize and complement the data and results obtained with GI, a recombinant pyridoxal 5-phosphate (vitamin B6) synthase (Pdx) complex of Staphylococcus aureus assembled from twelve monomers of Pdx1 and twelve monomers of Pdx2 was employed to validate the ability of the pEF influencing the nucleation of complex macromolecules and the effect of MOCs on adjusting the crystallization pathway. In summary, our data revealed multiple nucleation pathways by tuning the proportion of specific and non-specific protein interactions, or by utilizing a pEF which turned out to be efficient to accelerate the nucleation process. Finally, a novel and reproducible experimental strategy, which can adjust and facilitate a crystallization process by pEF-induced MOCs, was summarized and reported for the first time.
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14
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Tailored Pyridoxal Probes Unravel Novel Cofactor‐Dependent Targets and Antibiotic Hits in Critical Bacterial Pathogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Shahrear S, Afroj Zinnia M, Sany MRU, Islam ABMMK. Functional Analysis of Hypothetical Proteins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Reveals the Presence of Virulence Factors and Growth-Related Enzymes With Therapeutic Potential. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221136002. [PMID: 36386863 PMCID: PMC9661560 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221136002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an aquatic pathogen, is a major concern in the shrimp aquaculture industry. Several strains of this pathogen are responsible for causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease as well as other serious illness, both of which result in severe economic losses. The genome sequence of two pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus, MSR16 and MSR17, isolated from Bangladesh, have been reported to gain a better understanding of their diversity and virulence. However, the prevalence of hypothetical proteins (HPs) makes it challenging to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus. The aim of the present study is to provide a functional annotation of the HPs to elucidate their role in pathogenesis employing several in silico tools. The exploration of protein domains and families, similarity searches against proteins with known function, gene ontology enrichment, along with protein-protein interaction analysis of the HPs led to the functional assignment with a high level of confidence for 656 proteins out of a pool of 2631 proteins. The in silico approach used in this study was important for accurately assigning function to HPs and inferring interactions with proteins with previously described functions. The HPs with function predicted were categorized into various groups such as enzymes involved in small-compound biosynthesis pathway, iron binding proteins, antibiotics resistance proteins, and other proteins. Several proteins with potential druggability were identified among them. In addition, the HPs were investigated in search of virulent factors, which led to the identification of proteins that have the potential to be exploited as vaccine candidate. The findings of the study will be effective in gaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis. They may also provide an insight into the process of evaluating promising targets for the development of drugs and vaccines against V. parahaemolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sazzad Shahrear
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Rabi Us Sany
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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16
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Pina AF, Sousa SF, Cerqueira NMFSA. The Catalytic Mechanism of Pdx2 Glutaminase Driven by a Cys-His-Glu Triad: A Computational Study. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100555. [PMID: 34762772 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic mechanism of Pdx2 was studied with atomic detail employing the computational ONIOM hybrid QM/MM methodology. Pdx2 employs a Cys-His-Glu catalytic triad to deaminate glutamine to glutamate and ammonia - the source of the nitrogen of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). This enzyme is, therefore, a rate-limiting step in the PLP biosynthetic pathway of Malaria and Tuberculosis pathogens that rely on this mechanism to obtain PLP. For this reason, Pdx2 is considered a novel and promising drug target to treat these diseases. The results obtained show that the catalytic mechanism of Pdx2 occurs in six steps that can be divided into four stages: (i) activation of Cys87 , (ii) deamination of glutamine with the formation of the glutamyl-thioester intermediate, (iii) hydrolysis of the formed intermediate, and (iv) enzymatic turnover. The kinetic data available in the literature (19.1-19.5 kcal mol-1 ) agree very well with the calculated free energy barrier of the hydrolytic step (18.2 kcal.mol-11 ), which is the rate-limiting step of the catalytic process when substrate is readily available in the active site. This catalytic mechanism differs from other known amidases in three main points: i) it requires the activation of the nucleophile Cys87 to a thiolate; ii) the hydrolysis occurs in a single step and therefore does not require the formation of a second tetrahedral reaction intermediate, as it is proposed, and iii) Glu198 does not have a direct role in the catalytic process. Together, these results can be used for the synthesis of new transition state analogue inhibitors capable of inhibiting Pdx2 and impair diseases like Malaria and Tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Pina
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, BioSIM - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sérgio F Sousa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, BioSIM - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno M F S A Cerqueira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, BioSIM - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
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17
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Barra ALC, Ullah N, Morão LG, Wrenger C, Betzel C, Nascimento AS. Structural Dynamics and Perspectives of Vitamin B6 Biosynthesis Enzymes in Plasmodium: Advances and Open Questions. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:688380. [PMID: 34327152 PMCID: PMC8313854 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.688380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is still today one of the most concerning diseases, with 219 million infections in 2019, most of them in Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, causing approx. 409,000 deaths per year. Despite the tremendous advances in malaria treatment and prevention, there is still no vaccine for this disease yet available and the increasing parasite resistance to already existing drugs is becoming an alarming issue globally. In this context, several potential targets for the development of new drug candidates have been proposed and, among those, the de novo biosynthesis pathway for the B6 vitamin was identified to be a promising candidate. The reason behind its significance is the absence of the pathway in humans and its essential presence in the metabolism of major pathogenic organisms. The pathway consists of two enzymes i.e. Pdx1 (PLP synthase domain) and Pdx2 (glutaminase domain), the last constituting a transient and dynamic complex with Pdx1 as the prime player and harboring the catalytic center. In this review, we discuss the structural biology of Pdx1 and Pdx2, together with and the understanding of the PLP biosynthesis provided by the crystallographic data. We also highlight the existing evidence of the effect of PLP synthesis inhibition on parasite proliferation. The existing data provide a flourishing environment for the structure-based design and optimization of new substrate analogs that could serve as inhibitors or even suicide inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Luana C Barra
- Pólo TerRa, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Najeeb Ullah
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luana G Morão
- Pólo TerRa, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carsten Wrenger
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Betzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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18
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Pinilla CMB, Stincone P, Brandelli A. Proteomic analysis reveals differential responses of Listeria monocytogenes to free and nanoencapsulated nisin. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 346:109170. [PMID: 33770680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Listeria monocytogenes grow on ready-to-eat food is a major concern in food safety. Natural antimicrobials, such as nisin, can be used to control this pathogen, but the increasing reports of nisin tolerance and resistance make necessary novel approaches to increase its effectiveness, such as encapsulation. The goal of this study was to investigate how L. monocytogenes ATCC7644 regulates and shapes its proteome in response to sublethal doses of nisin and nisin-loaded phosphatidylcholine liposomes (lipo-nisin), compared to untreated cells growing under optimal conditions. Total proteins were extracted from L. monocytogenes cells treated for 1 h with free and lipo-nisin. As result, of 803 proteins that were initially identified, 64 and 53 proteins were differentially upregulated and downregulated respectively, in the treatments with nisin and lipo-nisin. Changes of Listeria proteome in response to treatments containing nisin were mainly related to ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter systems, transmembrane proteins, RNA-binding proteins and diverse stress response proteins. Some of the proteins uniquely detected in samples treated with free nisin were the membrane proteins SecD, Lmo1539 and the YfhO enzyme, which are related to translocation of L. monocytogenes virulence factors, activation of the LiaR-mediated stress defense and glycosylation of wall teichoic acid, respectively. The L. monocytogenes treated with liposome encapsulated nisin showed no expression of some stress response factors as compared with the free nisin, suggesting a reduction of stress mediated response and production of nisin-resistance factors by exposure to encapsulated nisin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Stincone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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19
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Deslouches B, Montelaro RC, Urish KL, Di YP. Engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (eCAPs) to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060501. [PMID: 32486228 PMCID: PMC7357155 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing rate of antibiotic resistance constitutes a global health crisis. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the property to selectively kill bacteria regardless of resistance to traditional antibiotics. However, several challenges (e.g., reduced activity in the presence of serum and lack of efficacy in vivo) to clinical development need to be overcome. In the last two decades, we have addressed many of those challenges by engineering cationic AMPs de novo for optimization under test conditions that typically inhibit the activities of natural AMPs, including systemic efficacy. We reviewed some of the most promising data of the last two decades in the context of the advancement of the field of helical AMPs toward clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-412-624-0103
| | - Ronald C. Montelaro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Ken L. Urish
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Yuanpu P. Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
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