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Li W, Zhang S, Dang S, Gao L, Li G, Cheng D, Jiang L, Huang T, Zhai J. Establishment of an A/T-Rich Specifically MGB Probe digital droplet PCR Assays Based on SNP for Brucella wild strains and vaccine strains. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116432. [PMID: 39024932 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, immunization with the S2 live-attenuated vaccine has been recognized as the most economical and effective strategy for preventing brucellosis in Inner Mongolia, China. However, there are still challenges related to vaccine toxicity and the inability to distinguish between vaccine immunization and natural infection. Therefore, in this study, we developed a digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay based on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to identify wild Brucella strains and S2 vaccine strains. The assay demonstrated excellent linearity (R2> 0.99) with a lower detection limit of 10 copies/µL for both wild and vaccine strains. Additionally, the ddPCR assay outperformed the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay in screening 50 clinical samples. We have established an effective and highly sensitive ddPCR assay for Brucella, providing an efficient method for detecting and differentiating wild strains of Brucella from the S2 vaccine strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyang Li
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Sheng Dang
- Keerqin District First People's Hospital, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Lanzhu Gao
- Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Guangchen Li
- Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Dawei Cheng
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Tianpeng Huang
- College of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China; Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China; Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, China.
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Pu Z, Liu Y, Bai M, Ling T, Pan J, Xu D, Dai P, Yan Y. Association Between Diagnostic Delays and Spinal Involvement in Human Brucellosis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae357. [PMID: 39035571 PMCID: PMC11259137 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal involvement is a common but serious complication of human brucellosis. However, information on the risk factors associated with spinal involvement in individuals with brucellosis is limited. Methods This retrospective case-control study aimed to determine the potential risk factors associated with spinal complications in inpatients with brucellosis. Results During the study period, brucellosis was diagnosed in 377 patients, of whom 108 (28.64%) showed spinal involvement. Those with spinal involvement were significantly older than patients in the control group (mean age [standard deviation], 53.25 [10.48] vs 43.12 [13.84] years, respectively; P < .001). The diagnostic delays were significantly longer in patients with spinal involvement than in the control group (mean delay [standard deviation], 11.17 [13.55] vs 6.03 [8.02] weeks; P = .001). Age >40 years (odds ratio, 5.42 [95% confidence interval, 2.65-11.05]; P < .001) and diagnostic delay >4 weeks (2.94 [1.62-5.35]; P < .001) were independently associated with spinal involvement in brucellosis. The lumbar spine at the L3-5 level was the most affected (152 of 249 [61.04%]). Back pain (92 of 108 in case patients vs 21 of 108 in controls; P < .001) and splenomegaly (23 vs 42 of 108, respectively; P = .005) differed significantly between the 2 groups. Conclusions Age >40 years and diagnostic delay >4 weeks increased the risk of spinal involvement in brucellosis. Therefore, the time from symptom onset to diagnosis should be shortened, using effective measures to reduce spinal involvement risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshu Pu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Immunization Program, Wuwei Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuwei, China
| | - Manling Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, China
| | - Tong Ling
- Department of Hygienic Logistics, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Hygienic Logistics, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dengrong Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peijun Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongping Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Modak D, Biswas S, Mondal A, Biswas M, Mascellino MT, Chakraborty B, Tiwari S, Shewale AD, Nale T, Dey R. Seroprevalence of brucellosis among animal handlers in West Bengal, India: an occupational health study. AIMS Microbiol 2024; 10:1-11. [PMID: 38525042 PMCID: PMC10955173 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2024001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic disease and a major human health problem worldwide. Due to its ways of transmission, direct or indirect contact with infected animals or their contaminated biological products, the disease exhibits strong occupational association with animal handlers comprising a significant population at risk. This study was undertaken to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in animal handlers and to understand the epidemiological and serological aspects of the same. The animal handlers from the state of West Bengal, India were included in this study. It was a prospective and observational cohort study from November 2021 to March 2022. A total of 669 sera samples were collected from animal handlers and tested using various serological tests for Brucella antibodies. All serum samples were tested using the Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), standard tube agglutination test (STAT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 106 (15.8%) patients were diagnosed with brucellosis among the total number of patients tested. Most of the patients affected with brucellosis belonged to the age group 51-60 years (23.5%). The seropositivity rate in male animal handlers was higher than female animal handlers in this study. More studies are needed to understand the occupational association of this disease. Awareness programs, safe livestock practices, and prevention of the disease by timely diagnosis must be implemented in order to control human brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolanchampa Modak
- Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Silpak Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Agnibho Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Malabika Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Maria Teresa Mascellino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Banya Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Simmi Tiwari
- Centre for One Health, National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ajit Dadaji Shewale
- Centre for One Health, National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Tushar Nale
- Centre for One Health, National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Rupali Dey
- Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata 700073, India
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Liu X, Bao X, Gao L, Li G, Chen Z, Zhai J. Comparative application of droplet-based digital and quantitative real-time PCR for human brucellosis detection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116087. [PMID: 37801887 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the diagnostic value of droplet-based digital PCR (dd-PCR) by comparing it with the quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) for detecting Brucella DNA, 487 whole blood and serum samples collected from suspected human brucellosis, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were 88.14% and 100% for RT-qPCR; 97.12% and 100% for dd-PCR. The positive rate detected by RT-qPCR and dd-PCR based on the nucleic acid extracted by simultaneous extraction method in serum and blood cells were 56.49% and 62.22%, respectively, which is higher than the commercial kit in 47.74% and 52.77%. Additionally, 32 false-negative samples of chronic patients analyzed by serological tests were positive in the detection from the blood cell nucleic acid. dd-PCR could be considered a valuable tool for detecting Brucella DNA, particularly in false-negative test results. The simultaneous extraction method is complementary to dd-PCR in diagnosing human brucellosis cases at different disease stages, especially in chronic and relapsed stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Xiaoya Bao
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Lanzhu Gao
- Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Tongliao, China
| | - Guangchen Li
- Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Tongliao, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China.
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Zhao C, Nie S, Sun Y, An C, Fan S, Luo B, Chang W, Liu K, Shao Z. Detrended seasonal relationships and impact of climatic factors combined with spatiotemporal effect on the prevalence of human brucellosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104043-104055. [PMID: 37698797 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Human brucellosis (HB) is a seasonal and climate-affected infectious disease that is posing an increasing threat to public health and economy. However, most of the research on the seasonal relationships and impact of climatic factors on HB did not consider the secular trend and spatiotemporal effect related to the disease. We herein utilized long-term surveillance data on HB from 2008 to 2020 using sinusoidal models to explore detrended relationships between climatic factors and HB. In addition, we assessed the impact of such climatic factors on HB using a spatial panel data model combined with the spatiotemporal effect. HB peaked around mid-May. HB was significantly correlated with climatic factors with 1-5-month lag when the respective correlations reached the maximum across the different lag periods. Each 0.1 °C increase in temperature led to 0.5% decrease in the 5-month lag incidence of HB. We also observed a positive spatiotemporal effect on the disease. Our study provides a detailed and in-depth overview of seasonal relationships and impact of climatic factors on HB. In addition, it proposes a novel approach for exploring the seasonal relationships and quantifying the impacts of climatic factors on various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shoumin Nie
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yangxin Sun
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Cuihong An
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Suoping Fan
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Boyan Luo
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Wenhui Chang
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Driving effect of multiplex factors on human brucellosis in high incidence region, implication for brucellosis based on one health concept. One Health 2022; 15:100449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zhao C, Liu K, Jiang C, Wei X, Song S, Wu X, Wen X, Fu T, Shen L, Shao Z, Li Q. Epidemic characteristics and transmission risk prediction of brucellosis in Xi'an city, Northwest China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:926812. [PMID: 35937257 PMCID: PMC9355750 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.926812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis (HB) has re-emerged in China since the mid-1990s, and exhibited an apparent geographic expansion shifted from the traditional livestock regions to the inland areas of China. It is often neglected in non-traditional epidemic areas, posing a serious threat to public health in big cities. We carried out a retrospective epidemiological study in Xi'an, the largest city in northwestern China. It utilizes long-term surveillance data on HB during 2008–2021 and investigation data during 2014–2021. A total of 1989 HB cases were reported in Xi'an, consisting of 505 local cases, i.e., those located in Xi'an and 1,484 non-local cases, i.e., those located in other cities. Significantly epidemiological heterogeneity was observed between them, mainly owing to differences in the gender, occupation, diagnostic delays, and reporting institutions. Serological investigations suggested that 59 people and 1,822 animals (sheep, cattle, and cows) tested positive for brucellosis from 2014 to 2021, with the annual average seroprevalence rates were 1.38 and 1.54%, respectively. The annual animal seroprevalence rate was positively correlated with the annual incidence of non-local HB cases. Multivariate boosted regression tree models revealed that gross domestic product, population density, length of township roads, number of farms, and nighttime lights substantially contributed to the spatial distribution of local HB. Approximately 7.84 million people inhabited the potential infection risk zones in Xi'an. Our study highlights the reemergence of HB in non-epidemic areas and provides a baseline for large and medium-sized cities to identify regions, where prevention and control efforts should be prioritized in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenghao Jiang
- Department of Geospatial Information Engineering, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuxuan Song
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xubin Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Geospatial Information Engineering, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Zhongjun Shao
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Li
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