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Pattamatta M, Chapple I, Listl S. The value-for money of preventing and managing periodontitis: Opportunities and challenges. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38745388 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This article gives an overview of the societal and economic aspects of periodontitis and periodontal care. Despite its largely preventable nature, periodontitis is highly prevalent worldwide and imposes a substantial health and economic burden on individuals and society as a whole. The worldwide estimated direct treatment costs and productivity losses due to periodontitis (including for periodontitis-related tooth loss) amounted to US$ 186 billion and US$ 142 billion in 2019, respectively. The burden of periodontitis is particularly evident in low and disadvantaged populations. Smoking, dietary habits, and presence of systemic diseases along with social and commercial determinants are considered as risk factors for the periodontal diseases. The cost-effectiveness of preventing and managing periodontitis has been explored in several studies but it has been highlighted that there is scope for improvement in defining the methodology and quality of reporting of such studies. A recent report by The Economist Intelligence Unit examined the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent and manage periodontal diseases, suggesting that prevention of periodontitis through prevention of gingivitis by means of individual home care would be more cost-efficient than four other examined approaches. Future research in this field is recommended to further decipher the economic burden of periodontitis to society and to assess the value for money of alternative approaches to address periodontitis with particular emphasis on public health preventive strategies and intersectoral care approaches that address the common risk factors of periodontitis and other non-communicable diseases simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Pattamatta
- Department of Dentistry-Quality and Safety of Oral Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iain Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stefan Listl
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health - Section for Oral Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Diarra A, Agossa K, Youl ENH. The Potential of Cochlospermum tinctorium, Flueggea virosa, and Waltheria indica Traditional Plants From Burkina Faso in Treating Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e52471. [PMID: 38371022 PMCID: PMC10873538 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic, infectious, and inflammatory oral disease with a high prevalence in developing countries, where limited access to modern dental care curtails its treatment. This review is dedicated to examining three indigenous botanical species frequently recommended by traditional therapists for the treatment of periodontal disease, namely, Cochlospermum tinctorium, Flueggea virosa, and Waltheria indica, with the aim of elucidating their chemical constituents and pharmacological properties that may support their empirical use. This review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines extension for scoping reviews. An electronic search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) up to July 2022. Out of 700 articles initially identified, only 11 were deemed eligible for inclusion; a substantial majority (80%) of these comprised in vitro studies. Among the trio of botanicals considered, Waltheria indica emerged as the most extensively investigated (65% of the studies). The administration of these plants was predominantly in the form of decoctions or macerations, with extraction methods employing alcoholic agents (ethanolic and methanolic), hydroalcoholic solutions, or aqueous solvents. The selected plants exhibited notable richness in polyphenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, and demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects, as indicated in 60% of the studies, along with antibacterial properties (against Streptococcus aureus and Helicobacter pylori). None of the studies reported antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens. The pharmacological properties of these plants may hold promise for the management of oral inflammatory and infectious conditions. Nevertheless, further comprehensive investigations are imperative to establish their safety and efficacy for periodontitis treatment before conclusive recommendations can be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaziz Diarra
- Periodontology, Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences (UFR/SDS) University of Ouaga I, Pr. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, BFA
| | - Kevimy Agossa
- Periodontology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, FRA
| | - Estelle Noëla Hoho Youl
- Pharmacology, Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences (UFR/SDS) University of Ouaga I, Pr. Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, BFA
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Lamloum D, Dettori M, La Corte P, Agnoli MR, Cappai A, Viarchi A, Arghittu A, Wolf TG, Castiglia P, Campus G. Oral Health Survey in Burundi; Evaluation of the Caries Experience in Schoolchildren Using the DMFT Index. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1538. [PMID: 37763657 PMCID: PMC10535420 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: There are no data on oral health in the population of Burundi. This study aimed to describe the oral health status of schoolchildren in Burundi using the dmft/DMFT index for the first time. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional population-based epidemiological survey. The survey was designed according to the WHO methodology for oral health surveys. Oral examinations were conducted in school rooms using a dental mirror, probe, and headlight. The following characteristics of primary dentition status were recorded: decayed (d/D), missing (m/M), and filled (f/F) teeth, and the dmft/DMFT (d + m + f t/D + M + F T) index was calculated for each subject. Quantitative and qualitative variables were represented by measures of position and variability. One-way ANOVA was used to assess differences between parametric variables. Logistic regression was performed for total caries experience and gender, age groups, living area, and geographical provinces. Results: A total of 1902 children were examined, 1007 (52.94%) six-year-olds and 895 (47.06%) in the older group. The dmft/DMFT and subgroups were statistically significantly different in terms of age groups, living areas, and geographical regions (dmft/DMFT d-subgroup and D-subgroup p < 0.01), but only for DMFT for sex. The ORs estimated by logistic regression by total caries experience showed a protective effect for 12 year old subjects and those living in southern provinces, an OR of 0.52 (95%CI 0.43-0.64) and an OR of 0.26 (95%CI 0.21-0.32), respectively. Conclusions: Dental caries in African countries, including Burundi, remains a major problem affecting the general health and wellbeing of the population. Tackling untreated caries requires a multifaceted approach, including strengthening oral health infrastructure, promoting oral health education, providing affordable dental services, and encouraging healthier eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Lamloum
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Restorative, Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (M.D.); (T.G.W.)
| | - Marco Dettori
- Department of Restorative, Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (M.D.); (T.G.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Pino La Corte
- Solidarietà Medico Odontoiatrica nel Mondo (SMOM) ODV, 20143 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria Ruth Agnoli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Andrea Cappai
- Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning, University of Sassari, 07041 Alghero, Italy;
| | - Arianna Viarchi
- Section of Odontostomatologic Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Antonella Arghittu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Thomas Gerhard Wolf
- Department of Restorative, Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (M.D.); (T.G.W.)
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paolo Castiglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (M.D.); (T.G.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.A.); (P.C.)
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 600077, India
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Trindade D, Carvalho R, Machado V, Chambrone L, Mendes JJ, Botelho J. Prevalence of periodontitis in dentate people between 2011 and 2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:604-626. [PMID: 36631982 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontitis in dentate people between 2011 and 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS PUBMED, Web of Science, and LILACS were searched up to and including December 2021. Epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence of periodontitis conducted between 2011 and 2020 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Studies were grouped according to the case definition of confidence as confident (Centers for Disease Control [CDC] AAP 2012; CDC/AAP 2007; and Armitage 1999) and non-confident (community periodontal index of 3 or 4, periodontal pocket depth >4 mm, and clinical attachment level ≥1 mm). Random effects meta-analyses with double arcsine transformation were conducted. Sensitivity subgroup and meta-regression analyses explored the effect of confounding variables on the overall estimates. RESULTS A total 55 studies were included. The results showed a significant difference, with confident case definitions (61.6%) reporting nearly twice the prevalence as non-confident classifications (38.5%). Estimates using confident periodontal case definitions showed a pooled prevalence of periodontitis of 61.6%, comprising 17 different countries. Estimates reporting using the CDC/AAP 2012 case definition presented the highest estimate (68.1%) and the CDC/AAP 2007 presented the lowest (48.8%). Age was a relevant confounding variable, as older participants (≥65 years) had the highest pooled estimate (79.3%). CONCLUSION Between 2011 and 2020, periodontitis in dentate adults was estimated to be around 62% and severe periodontitis 23.6%. These results show an unusually high prevalence of periodontitis compared to the previous estimates from 1990 to 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Trindade
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - Rui Carvalho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal.,Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - Leandro Chambrone
- Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal.,Unit of Basic Oral Investigation (UIBO), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal.,Evidence-Based Hub, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
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Kissa J, El Houari B, Amine K, Chemlali S, Khlil N, Mikou S, Gharibi A, El Ouadnassi I, Rifki C, Albandar JM. Prevalence of periodontal disease in young moroccans. A national survey. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1867-1877. [PMID: 35708520 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few large surveys of periodontal disease in young age cohorts, and national surveys in Africa do not existent. This study assessed the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in a national survey of adolescents and young adults in Morocco. METHODS A multi-stage probability sampling design was used to draw a sample of 14,667 students 12-25 years old attending 87 schools. The sample was representative of approximately 3 million Moroccan students in this age group. RESULTS 27.9%, 11.9%, and 7.7% of the subjects had ≥1 teeth with ≥4 mm, ≥5 mm, and ≥6 mm probing depth, and the population estimates were approximately 822, 350, and 226 thousand affected subjects, respectively. For attachment loss the prevalences were: 11.6%, 9.5%, and 6.9% (or ≈ 342, 281, and 204 thousand affected subjects) for ≥4 mm, ≥5 mm, and ≥6 mm, respectively. The rates of probing depth and attachment loss increased significantly with the increase in age (p<0.01, p<0.001). Gender and urban status did not show significant effects on the prevalence of periodontal disease (p>0.05). Similarly, the relationship between the occupation status and periodontal status was modest and not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Children and young adults attending public schools in Morocco have a high prevalence and severity of periodontal disease compared to other populations of similar age. The rate of periodontal disease reported here may be used as baseline population estimates in the surveillance of disease status in this population. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Kissa
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Bouchra El Houari
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Khadija Amine
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sihame Chemlali
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Nadia Khlil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Salwa Mikou
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amina Gharibi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane El Ouadnassi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Chouaib Rifki
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Jasim M Albandar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, USA
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Kissa J, Albandar JM, El Houari B, Khlil N, Amine K, Chemlali S, Mikou S, Gharibi A, El Ouadnassi I, Tricha L, Himmiche M, Rifki C. National survey of periodontal diseases in adolescents and young adults in Morocco. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:439-447. [PMID: 35246871 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM National surveys of periodontal diseases in children are rare. This study describes the first national survey of oral health of adolescents attending public schools in Morocco. We report the prevalence and demographic determinants of periodontal diseases, and generate population estimates for this young population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used a multi-stage probability sample comprising 14,667 students in 87 schools and 520 classrooms, representative of students attending grades 6-12 (age 12-18 years) in Morocco. The students were interviewed and then examined clinically to assess their periodontal status, which was classified according to the 2017 World Workshop. In addition, the diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) was assessed. RESULTS Of approximately 3 million students in this age cohort, 12.3% (or approximately 360,894 subjects) had periodontitis and 46.9% (1.4 million) had gingivitis. They comprised 10.8%, 2.9%, and 6.1% subjects with periodontitis stage I, II, and III/IV, respectively; 5.0%, or 148,336 subjects, had AgP. The prevalence rates were not significantly different by gender or urban status. However, the prevalence of AgP was particularly high in certain regions of Morocco. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of staged periodontitis and AgP in this young population is among the highest reported in national surveys worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Kissa
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Jasim M Albandar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bouchra El Houari
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Nadia Khlil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Khadija Amine
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sihame Chemlali
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Salwa Mikou
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amina Gharibi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane El Ouadnassi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Latifa Tricha
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Chouaib Rifki
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
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