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Migliaccio GM, Gonzales CIA, Kalcev G, Cantone E, Nonnis M, Urban A, Marchegiani S, Pinna S, Tusconi M, Primavera D, Carta MG. Prior Engagement in Physical Activity Correlates with Enhanced Quality of Life Perceptions among Older Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown. Brain Sci 2024; 14:765. [PMID: 39199459 PMCID: PMC11352448 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14080765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate whether prior engagement in a physical exercise program correlated with enhanced perceptions of quality-of-life components among older adults during the COVID-19 lockdown period. METHODS The cohort comprised elderly individuals (aged ≥ 65 years) who had previously partaken in a 12-week randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a mixed aerobic-anaerobic, moderate-intensity exercise program. Participants' health-related quality of life was assessed using the Short Form Health Survey-12 item (SF-12) at the beginning of the initial trial and, again, one year later during the COVID-19 lockdown. In the exercise group, 44 participants were included, while the control group consisted of 49 participants, with computer-based, double-blind randomization conducted in Cagliari, Italy. The differences in scores for each SF-12 item between the two groups from T0 to T1 were compared using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni corrections. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed on average by age (exercise group vs. control group 72.20 ± 4.78 vs. 72.91 ± 4.77; F = 0.513, p = 0.476). A decrease from T0 to T1 towards a better score on the SF-12 was observed in the exercise group compared to the control group in item 1 (F = 67.463, p < 0.0001); in item 5 (F = 4.319, p = 0.041); item 8 (F = 4.269, p = 0.041); item 9 (F = 10.761, p = 0.001); item 10 (F = 170.433, p < 0.001); and item 11 (F = 4.075, p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that participation in a moderate physical exercise program one year prior may have equipped older adults with better coping mechanisms to navigate the stress and isolation imposed by the COVID-19 lockdown, as reflected by their enhanced scores on quality-of-life components pertaining to mental well-being. Exercise may confer a protective effect against the adverse psychological impacts of stressful events like the pandemic, even among older adults with chronic conditions. This study underscores the potential benefits of exercise interventions for promoting quality of life and preventing mood disorders in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Mario Migliaccio
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
- Maxima Performa, Athlete Physiology, Psychology, and Nutrition Unit, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Goce Kalcev
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Elisa Cantone
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Marcello Nonnis
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Urban
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Sonia Marchegiani
- Department of Mental Health, ASL Medio Campidano, 09020 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Samantha Pinna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.)
| | | | - Diego Primavera
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (E.C.)
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Wang J, Liu D, Guo C, Duan Y, Hu Z, Tian M, Xu Q, Niu Y, Yan G. Association between garden work and risk of incident dementia in an older population in China: a national cohort study. Public Health 2024; 232:74-81. [PMID: 38749151 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence on the association between garden work and risk of incident dementia in the older Chinese population is limited. This study aimed to explore the association between the frequency of garden work and risk of incident dementia in an older population in China. STUDY DESIGN This was a national cohort study. METHODS This study analysed data from 8676 participants (median age: 86 years) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between the frequency of garden work and risk of incident dementia using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multiplicative and additive interaction effects were calculated between the frequency of garden work and age, sex or residence on incident dementia; subgroup analyses of the association were also conducted by age, sex and residence. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results. RESULTS During 4.31 years (median) of follow-up, 633 participants developed dementia. Compared with participants who did not engage in garden work, the adjusted risk of incident dementia for those who regularly or almost daily engaged in garden work decreased by 28% (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.93). An additive interaction effect between frequency of garden work and age on incident dementia was observed, with subgroup analyses demonstrating similar statistically significant associations among participants aged ≥85 years, women and city or town residents. Sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis in the present study. CONCLUSIONS Frequent engagement in garden work may be associated with a reduced risk of dementia and may be an effective measure to prevent incident dementia in the older population in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - D Liu
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - C Guo
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Duan
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Hu
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - M Tian
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Xu
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Niu
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - G Yan
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Malik J, Główka N, Jelonek W, Stemplewski R, Maciaszek J. Effect of a juggling-based physical activity on postural stability, reaction time, and attention focus in older adults: a randomized crossover study. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2024; 21:15. [PMID: 38822245 PMCID: PMC11143604 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-024-00351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the aging society, more attention is paid to the promotion of forms of physical activity that can improve postural stability and cognitive functioning. In this context, the importance of combined exercises, requiring simultaneous physical and cognitive involvement, is emphasized. Juggling seems to be a form of activity that is both cognitively and physically demanding. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of additional juggling exercise on postural stability and cognitive abilities in healthy, physically active older adults. METHODS Twenty-six healthy and physically active older adults (70.08±4.40 years old) were included in a randomized crossover study. The addition of juggling three times a week during four weeks was the main intervention (one period), while the control phase included four weeks with no addition of juggling (second period). Measurements of postural stability and cognitive abilities were performed before and after each period. For the purpose of postural stability assessment, a velocity of center of pressure with root mean square, area 95 percentile, medio-lateral and anterior-posterior range of motion were measured. Center of pressure signals were obtained using an AccuGait™ System force plate in three conditions: free standing, dual-task and limits of stability. The Vienna Test System was used for the assessment of selected cognitive abilities. A battery of reaction time tests and Cognitrone test were used for this purpose. RESULTS A significant interaction effect of intervention and time was observed in the postural stability dual-task condition in the root mean square of the center of pressure velocity in the advantage of the juggling period (medio-lateral: F=14.83, p<.01, ƞp2=.37; anterior-posterior: F=26.30, p<.01, ƞp2=.51). Additionally, moderate effect sizes were observed in the velocity of the center of pressure and variability of simple reaction time measurements, but without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that the implementation of juggling activity in everyday life may have positive effects on cognitive abilities and postural stability in healthy, physically active older adults, but the true effect may be low to moderate. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered retrospectively (30.10.2023) at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06108713).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Malik
- Department of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Science, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Natalia Główka
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Jelonek
- Department of Neuromuscular Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
| | - Rafał Stemplewski
- Department of Digital Technologies in Physical Activity, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
| | - Janusz Maciaszek
- Department of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Science, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
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Guzel I, Can F. The effects of different exercise types on cognitive and physical functions in dementia patients: A randomized comparative study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 119:105321. [PMID: 38176121 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The physical and cognitive effects of aerobic exercise on dementia have been extensively studied. Further investigation of other types of exercise with different physiological effects is still needed. This study aimed to determine cognitive and physical effects of 6-week aerobic, balance, and combined (aerobic-balance) exercise programs on dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 31 mild to moderate dementia patients aged 65-90 years were divided into three exercise groups. Before and after the 6-week exercise program, mental rotation, spatial orientation, visual memory, and mental status were assessed for cognitive functions, while fall risk, reaction time, lower limb strength, and frailty were assessed for physical functions. Comprehensive cognitive and physical assessments were performed to provide a holistic approach to dementia. RESULTS When post-exercise values were compared with pre-exercise values, only frailty decreased significantly in the aerobic exercise group (p = 0.017). After exercise program in balance and combined exercise groups, mental rotation (p = 0.005, p = 0.032), spatial orientation (p = 0.020, p = 0.035), mental status (p = 0.007, p = 0.014), and lower extremity strength (p = 0. 010, p = 0.005) increased significantly, while fall risk (p = 0.005, p = 0.005), reaction time (p = 0.028, p = 0.016), and frailty (p = 0.020, p = 0.009) decreased significantly. Moreover, in contrast to combined and aerobic exercise, improvement in visual memory was also observed in the balance exercise group (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that balance and combined exercises may have broader effects on dementia than aerobic exercise. It emphasizes the importance of designing exercise programs for dementia patients, considering the cognitive and physical deficits of the patients, and creating a multidimensional treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkem Guzel
- Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkiye; Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye.
| | - Filiz Can
- Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye; Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
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de Sá-Caputo D, Seixas A, Taiar R, Van der Zee EA, Bernardo-Filho M. Editorial: Non-pharmacological interventions in healthy and pathological aging: Facts and perspectives. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1191281. [PMID: 37143692 PMCID: PMC10151739 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1191281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danúbia de Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas (LAVIMPI), Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Danúbia de Sá-Caputo
| | - Adérito Seixas
- Escola Superior de Saúde Fernando Pessoa, Fundação Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Redha Taiar
- MATériaux et Ingénierie Mécanique (MATIM), Université de Reims Champagne- Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Eddy A. Van der Zee
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas (LAVIMPI), Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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