Clinical Presentation, Causes, Treatment, and Outcome of Lip Avulsion Injuries in Dogs and Cats: 24 Cases (2001-2017)

Lower lip avulsion: Surgery and management using stem cell metabolites preparation in a domestic cat

Background

Lower lip avulsion is a separation between the lip and the associated soft tissue from the mandible. The degree of these types of injuries varies and heavily affects the outcome of the case.

Case Description

This study reported an extensive lower lip avulsion managed by surgery and stem cell metabolite preparation. A one year and nine month-old domestic cats was referred for lower lip avulsion surgery to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Airlangga University. Owing to the limited amount of tissue, immediate successful results cannot be achieved after the first surgery. Furthermore, tissue necrosis and lack of physical restraint to the cat at home contributed to the delayed union between the soft tissue and mandible, resulting in repeated surgery. Stem cell metabolites preparation was applied at the surgical site and was incorporated into the therapy to support tissue growth.

Conclusion

The combination of surgical treatment and stem cell metabolite preparation resulted in good wound healing in the present case.

Patient Triage, First Aid Care, and Management of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma

Maxillofacial trauma is a common presentation in veterinary medical practice. Accurate assessment, diagnostics, pain management, and finally repair are tenants to treatment. In addition to typical tenants for fracture repair, the restoration of occlusion and return to function (eating, drinking, grooming) are unique to trauma management in these patients. Options for repair include conservative management (tape muzzles), noninvasive repair techniques (interdental wiring and composite splinting), and invasive repair techniques (interfragmentary wiring and plate and screw fixation).

World Small Animal Veterinary Association Global Dental Guidelines

Dental, oral, and maxillofacial diseases are some of the most common problems in small animal veterinary practice. These conditions create significant pain as well as localized and potentially systemic infection. As such, the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) believes that un- and under treated oral and dental diseases pose a significant animal welfare concern. Dentistry is an area of veterinary medicine which is still widely ignored and is subject to many myths and misconceptions. Effective teaching of veterinary dentistry in the veterinary school is the key to progression in this field of veterinary medicine, and to the improvement of welfare for all our patients globally. These guidelines were developed to provide veterinarians with the information required to understand best practices for dental therapy and create realistic minimum standards of care. Using the three-tiered continuing education system of WSAVA, the guidelines make global equipment and therapeutic recommendations and highlight the anaesthetic and welfare requirements for small animal patients. This document contains information on common oral and dental pathologies, diagnostic procedures (an easily implementable and repeatable scoring system for dental health, dental radiography and radiology) and treatments (periodontal therapy, extractions). Further, there are sections on anaesthesia and pain management for dental procedures, home dental care, nutritional information, and recommendations on the role of the universities in improving veterinary dentistry. A discussion of the deleterious effects of anaesthesia free dentistry (AFD) is included, as this procedure is ineffective at best and damaging at worst. Throughout the document the negative effects of undiagnosed and/or treated dental disease on the health and well-being of our patients, and how this equates to an animal welfare issue, is discussed.