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Silva RDM, Araújo LHV, Cardoso TDS, Franco SLI, Gurgel HJ, Cerqueira PHL, Carvalho LS, Novais LGES, Gonçalves JLDS, de Sousa LA, Albuquerque RDS, Dutra MD, Ferreira TTA, da Silveira JA, Silva MAM, Monteiro FDDO, Teixeira PPM. A Single-Port, Multiple-Access, Custom-Made Device Used in Laparoscopically Assisted Cryptorchidectomy in Standing Horses-A Preliminary Study. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1091. [PMID: 38612330 PMCID: PMC11011124 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates a new multiport device with single access to the abdominal cavity produced with routine hospital supplies that could be applied to laparoscopically assisted cryptorchidectomy in standing horses. Initially, the new device was evaluated on five cadavers of bovine fetuses (n = 5), placed assisted in a minilaparotomy performed in the flank region. Subsequently, the device was evaluated in four cryptorchid horses treated during the hospital routine. During the evaluation of the new device, the possibilities of exploring the abdominal cavity, inspection, and intra-abdominal manipulation with two Babcock forceps were verified. The possibilities were described, and surgical time data were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics. In the cadavers, a wide exploration of the abdominal cavity was possible, with a laparoscopic inspection through the right paralumbar fossa and manipulation of intra-abdominal structures with Babcock forceps inserted by the new device. In cryptorchid horses, laparoscopically assisted cryptorchidectomy with a new device was feasible in two patients, and in the others, it allowed the diagnosis of adhesions and ectopic locations in the inguinal region of testicles retained in the cavity. Therefore, the new device was efficient in exploring the inguinal region of cryptorchid horses in the standing position. The present study is preliminary and can support future studies that aim to improve the developed prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela das Mercês Silva
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Luiz Henrique Vilela Araújo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Thiago da Silva Cardoso
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Stephany Lorrane Ishida Franco
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Heytor Jales Gurgel
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Pedro Henrique Lira Cerqueira
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Lucas Santos Carvalho
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Luis Gustavo e Silva Novais
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - José Leandro da Silva Gonçalves
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Loise Araújo de Sousa
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Rodrigo dos Santos Albuquerque
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Marcos Duarte Dutra
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Tatiane Teles Albernaz Ferreira
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - José Alcides da Silveira
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | | | | | - Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (R.d.M.S.); (L.H.V.A.); (T.d.S.C.); (S.L.I.F.); (H.J.G.); (P.H.L.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.G.e.S.N.); (J.L.d.S.G.); (L.A.d.S.); (R.d.S.A.); (M.D.D.); (T.T.A.F.); (J.A.d.S.); (P.P.M.T.)
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Cheheili Sobbi S, Imran Hamid U, Arjomandi Rad A, Fillet M, Maesen J, Sardari Nia P. Telesimulation Training for Endoscopic Mitral Valve Surgery: An Air-Pilot Training Concept for Distance Training. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2024; 19:169-174. [PMID: 38576087 PMCID: PMC11055405 DOI: 10.1177/15569845241237778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to validate and assess the feasibility and impact of telesimulation training on surgical skills using a portable mitral valve telesimulator. METHODS A telesimulation course composed of 3 online modules was designed based on backwards chaining, preassessment and postassessment, performance feedback, hands-on training on a telesimulator, and the theoretical content. A fully 3-dimensional-printed and transportable telesimulator was developed and sent out to the participants with instruments that were needed. Feedback about the platform was obtained from participants to validate its value as a training tool. Theoretical and technical assessments were carried out before and after the course. Technical assessments were based on the accuracy and time taken to place sutures at the anterior and posterior mitral annulus. RESULTS In total, 11 practicing cardiac surgeons from Oceania, Asia, Europe, and North America completed the course. Theoretical preassessment and postassessment showed that participants scored significantly higher on postassessment (mean 87.5% vs 68.1%, P < 0.004). The participant evaluation scores of the simulator as a tool for endoscopic mitral valve surgery was 4 to 5 out of 5. There was a significant improvement in the speed (median 14.5 vs 39.5 s, P < 0.005) and the accuracy to place sutures in the mitral valve annulus following course completion (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Here we validated the educational value of a novel telesimulation platform and validated the feasibility to teach participants at a distance the knowledge and skills for endoscopic mitral valve surgery. Future studies will be required to validate the improvement in skills during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoufeh Cheheili Sobbi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Umar Imran Hamid
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Arian Arjomandi Rad
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Maesen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
- Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Peyman Sardari Nia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Dejescu CA, Bel LV, Melega I, Muresan SMC, Oana LI. Approaches to Laparoscopic Training in Veterinary Medicine: A Review of Personalized Simulators. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3781. [PMID: 38136818 PMCID: PMC10740942 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Veterinary minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has experienced notable growth in recent years, yet the availability of specialized training tools remains limited and not readily accessible to practitioners worldwide. While borrowing simulators from human medicine practices suffices for acquiring fundamental laparoscopic skills, it proves inadequate when addressing procedure-specific nuances. Veterinary professionals are now taking steps to create simulators tailored to their patients, although the validation process can be time-consuming. Consequently, the availability of advanced laparoscopic simulators for veterinary training remains scarce. The present study aims to highlight custom-made simulators. A comprehensive search across five databases was conducted to uncover the simulators documented from 2010 to 2022. A total of five simulators emerged from this search, with four grounded in a canine model and only one in an equine model. These models underwent validation and were found to be effective in training surgeons for their designated tasks. The findings underscore a limited array of simulators, predominantly catering to two species (horses and dogs). Considering these findings, it is evident that further research is imperative to create laparoscopic simulators capable of facilitating advanced veterinary training. This would enable the continued evolution of surgical techniques across diverse species, including ruminants, small mammals, and non-mammalian animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia V. Bel
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.A.D.); (I.M.); (S.M.C.M.); (L.I.O.)
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Andrade-Espinoza B, Oviedo-Peñata C, Maldonado-Estrada JG. Use of a Composed Simulator by Veterinarian Non-Experts in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Training and Acquisition of Surgical Skills for Laparoscopic Ovariectomy in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2698. [PMID: 37684962 PMCID: PMC10487008 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the acquisition of surgical skills for laparoscopic ovariectomy (LOE) in dogs by veterinary surgeons with no experience in minimally invasive surgery using the CALMA Veterinary Lap-trainer simulator (CVLTS) in an experimental and analytical setting. Veterinary surgeons with no experience in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (experimental, n = 5), and MIS experts (experts, n = 3) were evaluated. Experimental and expert group participants watched an instructional video (initial time) before practicing the LOE on uterine tissues and ovaries freshly reconstituted after elective ovariohysterectomy (initial time evaluation). Then, the experimental group practiced five training sessions on the composite simulator with permanent feedback and then performed the LOE again (final time evaluation). Surgical performances in initial and final evaluations were video recorded and further evaluated by three external MIS experts using Global objective assessment of laparoscopic skills (GOALS) and LOE-specific rating scales (SRSs) in a double-blinded schedule. In addition, a hands movement assessment system (HMAS) attached to the back of the hands was used to quantitatively measure completion time, angularity, and movement smoothness. Data were analyzed with one-factor ANOVA and Tukey's contrast test. No statistically significant differences were found between the novice group's performance after training and the expert group's performance according to the GOALS (p < 0.01) and SRS (p < 0.05) scores. Moreover, the novices had significantly improved time, number of movements, and angularity in the final time compared with the initial time (p < 0.05), with no significant differences compared to the expert group (p > 0.05). LOE training using a composed simulator resulted in significantly improved laparoscopic skills and time, number, and angularity of movements data, providing evidence of the usefulness and reliability of CVLTS in training LOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Andrade-Espinoza
- OHVRI-Research Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (B.A.-E.); (J.G.M.-E.)
- Master of Science Program in Canine and Feline Internal Medicine, University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Oviedo-Peñata
- OHVRI-Research Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (B.A.-E.); (J.G.M.-E.)
- Tropical Animal Production Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of Cordoba, Monteria 230002, Colombia
| | - Juan G. Maldonado-Estrada
- OHVRI-Research Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (B.A.-E.); (J.G.M.-E.)
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Hincapié-Gutiérrez LC, Oviedo-Peñata CA, Rojas-Galvis MA, Riaño-Benavides CH, Maldonado-Estrada JG. Implementation of a Canine Ergonomic Abdominal Simulator for Training Basic Laparoscopic Skills in Veterinarians. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071140. [PMID: 37048396 PMCID: PMC10093257 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The validity of the CALMA Veterinary Lap-trainer simulator (CVLTS) for training basic veterinary laparoscopic skills was assessed and compared to a simple collapsible mobile box trainer. Ten veterinarian surgeons with no experience in laparoscopic surgery and four experts with at least two years of experience in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) were included. The training curriculum included object transfer, non-woven gauze cutting with curved scissors, and interrupted and continuous intracorporeal sutures, which were practiced on the CVLTS. The initial and final assessments were carried out in both the CVLTS and in a collapsible mobile simulator. These were video-recorded and evaluated by external experts using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) and a specific scale evaluation in a double-blinded schedule. The time, angular displacement, number, and movement smoothness were recorded using a hands movement assessment system (HMAS). Through a survey, the face validity and content were evaluated. The data were analyzed by a Pearson's proportions comparison or Mann Whitney U test and a bilateral Student's t-test. The experimental group OSATS, specific scores, and HMAS values, with the exception of the smoothness of movements, significantly improved after training, with no statistically significant differences compared to the expert group. No differences were found between the two simulators. The experts' and experimental participants' CVLTS mean score was 4.8. Our data support the CVLTS validations for laparoscopic surgery basic skills training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis C Hincapié-Gutiérrez
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Oviedo-Peñata
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050034, Colombia
- Tropical Animal Production Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of Cordoba, Monteria 230002, Colombia
| | - Manuel A Rojas-Galvis
- Latin American Center for Research and Training in Minimally Invasive Surgery Foundation, Bogotá 251008, Colombia
| | - Carlos H Riaño-Benavides
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Juan G Maldonado-Estrada
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050034, Colombia
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Oviedo-Peñata CA, Giraldo Mejía GE, Riaño-Benavides CH, Maldonado-Estrada JG, Lemos Duque JD. Development and validation of a composed canine simulator for advanced veterinary laparoscopic training. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:936144. [PMID: 36325095 PMCID: PMC9621388 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.936144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of innovative simulation models for veterinary laparoscopic surgery training is a priority today. This study aimed to describe a didactic simulation tool for the training of total laparoscopic gastropexy (TLG) with intracorporeal sutures in dogs. CALMA Veterinary Lap-trainer composite simulator (CLVTS) was developed from a plaster cast of 2 Great Dane canines mimicking the space and the correct position to carry out a TLG. After video instruction, 16 veterinarians with different degrees of experience in minimally invasive surgery (Experts, n = 6 and intermediates, n = 10) evaluated four sequential simulating TLG with intracorporeal suturing in the CLVTS. Subsequently, they completed an anonymous questionnaire analyzing the realism, usefulness, and educational quality of the simulator. The CLVTS showed a good preliminary acceptance (4.7/5) in terms of the usefulness and adequacy of the exercises that, in the participants' opinion, are appropriate and are related to the difficulty of the TLG. In addition, both experienced and intermediate surgeons gave high marks (4.5/5) to the feeling of realism, design, and practicality. There were no significant differences between the responses of the two groups. The results suggest that the CVLTS has both face and content validity. Where it can be practiced in a structured environment for the development of a total laparoscopic gastropexy with intracorporeal suture and without compromising patient safety, but still has some limitations of the scope of the study. Further studies are needed to establish the ability to assess or measure technical skills, including the degree of transferability to the actual surgical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Oviedo-Peñata
- Tropical Animal Production Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of Cordoba, Monteria, Colombia,OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia,*Correspondence: Carlos A. Oviedo-Peñata
| | - Gloria E. Giraldo Mejía
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Humberto Riaño-Benavides
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan G. Maldonado-Estrada
- OHVRI-Research Group, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan D. Lemos Duque
- Bioinstrumentation and Clinical Engineering Research Group-GIBIC, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Humpenöder M, Corte GM, Pfützner M, Wiegard M, Merle R, Hohlbaum K, Erickson NA, Plendl J, Thöne-Reineke C. Alternatives in Education-Evaluation of Rat Simulators in Laboratory Animal Training Courses from Participants' Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3462. [PMID: 34944238 PMCID: PMC8698197 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In laboratory animal science (LAS) education and training, five simulators are available for exercises on handling and routine procedures on the rat, which is-beside mice-the most commonly used species in LAS. Since these simulators may have high potential in protecting laboratory rats, the aim of this study is to investigate the simulators' impact on the 3R (replace, reduce, refine) principle in LAS education and training. Therefore, the simulators were evaluated by 332 course participants in 27 different LAS courses via a practical simulator training workshop and a paper-based two-part questionnaire-both integrated in the official LAS course schedule. The results showed a high positive resonance for simulator training and it was considered especially useful for the inexperienced. However, the current simulators may not completely replace exercises on live animals and improvements regarding more realistic simulators are demanded. In accordance with literature data on simulator-use also in other fields of education, more research on simulators and new developments are needed, particularly with the aim for a broad implementation in LAS education and training benefiting all 3Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Humpenöder
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| | - Giuliano M. Corte
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (G.M.C.); (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Marcel Pfützner
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (G.M.C.); (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Mechthild Wiegard
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| | - Roswitha Merle
- Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Katharina Hohlbaum
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| | - Nancy A. Erickson
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
- MF 3—Experimental Animal Research and 3R—Method Development and Research Infrastructure, Robert Koch-Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Plendl
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (G.M.C.); (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Christa Thöne-Reineke
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
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