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Nie J, Wang Q, Li C, Zhou Y, Yao X, Xu L, Chang Y, Ding F, Sun L, Zhan L, Zhu L, Xie K, Wang X, Shi Y, Zhao Q, Shan Y. Self-Assembled Multiepitope Nanovaccine Provides Long-Lasting Cross-Protection against Influenza Virus. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303531. [PMID: 37983728 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccines typically provide strain-specific protection and are reformulated annually, which is a complex and time-consuming process. Multiepitope vaccines, combining multiple conserved antigenic epitopes from a pathogen, can trigger more robust, diverse, and effective immune responses, providing a potential solution. However, their practical application is hindered by low immunogenicity and short-term effectiveness. In this study, multiple linear epitopes from the conserved stem domain of hemagglutinin and the ectodomain of matrix protein 2 are combined with the Helicobacter pylori ferritin, a stable self-assembled nanoplatform, to develop an influenza multiepitope nanovaccine, named MHF. MHF is prokaryotically expressed in a soluble form and self-assembles into uniform nanoparticles. The subcutaneous immunization of mice with adjuvanted MHF induces cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and cellular immunity, offering complete protection against H3N2 as well as partial protection against H1N1. Importantly, the vaccine cargo delivered by ferritin triggers epitope-specific memory B-cell responses, with antibody level persisting for over 6 months post-immunization. These findings indicate that self-assembled multiepitope nanovaccines elicit potent and long-lasting immune responses while significantly reducing the risk of vaccine escape mutants, and offer greater practicality in terms of scalable manufacturing and genetic manipulability, presenting a promising and effective strategy for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 519000, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yongfei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xin Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lipeng Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yaotian Chang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fan Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Li Zhan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lvzhou Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Kunpeng Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 519000, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 519000, China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
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Xu H, Li L, Li R, Guo Z, Lin M, Lu Y, Hou J, Govinden R, Deng B, Chenia HY. Evaluation of dendritic cell-targeting T7 phages as a vehicle to deliver avian influenza virus H5 DNA vaccine in SPF chickens. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1063129. [PMID: 36591272 PMCID: PMC9799975 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1063129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a growing demand for effective technologies for the delivery of antigen to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and their immune-activation for the success of DNA vaccines. Therefore, dendritic cell (DC)-targeting T7 phages were used as a vehicle to deliver DNA vaccine. Methods In this study, a eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-C1-HA2-AS containing the HA2 gene derived from the avian H5N1 virus and an anchor sequence (AS) gene required for the T7 phage packaging process was developed. To verify the feasibility of phage delivery, the plasmid encapsulated in DC-targeting phage capsid through the recognition of AS was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The pEGFP-C1-HA2-AS plasmid could evade digestion by DNase I by becoming encapsulated into the phage particles and efficiently expressed the HA2 antigen in DCs with the benefit of DC-targeting phages. Results For chickens immunized with the DC-targeting phage 74 delivered DNA vaccine, the levels of IgY and IgA antibodies, the concentration of IFN-γ and IL-12 cytokines in serum, the proliferation of lymphocytes, and the percentage of CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood were significantly higher than chickens which were immunized with DNA vaccine that was delivered by non-DC-targeting phage or placebo (p<0.05). Phage 74 delivered one-fiftieth the amount of pEGFP-C1-HA2-AS plasmid compared to Lipofectin, however, a comparable humoral and cellular immune response was achieved. Although, the HA2 DNA vaccine delivered by the DC-targeting phage induced enhanced immune responses, the protection rate of virus challenge was not evaluated. Conclusion This study provides a strategy for development of a novel avian influenza DNA vaccine and demonstrates the potential of DC-targeting phage as a DNA vaccine delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Discipline: Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,New Product R&D Department, YMRY Medical Technology Company. Ltd, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruiting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China,New Product R&D Department, YMRY Medical Technology Company. Ltd, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zijie Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China,New Product R&D Department, YMRY Medical Technology Company. Ltd, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengzhou Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Roshini Govinden
- Discipline: Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bihua Deng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Hafizah Y. Chenia, ; Bihua Deng,
| | - Hafizah Y. Chenia
- Discipline: Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,*Correspondence: Hafizah Y. Chenia, ; Bihua Deng,
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Panickan S, Bhatia S, Bhat S, Bhandari N, Pateriya AK, Kalaiyarasu S, Sood R, Tripathi M. Reverse genetics based H5N2 vaccine provides clinical protection against H5N1, H5N8 and H9N2 avian influenza infection in chickens. Vaccine 2022; 40:6998-7008. [PMID: 36374710 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to develop broadly protective vaccines for avian influenza. In an earlier study, HA stalk (universal flu vaccine) was found to be broadly protective against different subtypes of influenza virus in mice. Hence, we were interested to know its breadth of protective efficacy either alone or combined with inactivated rgH5N2 (clade 2.3.2.1a) vaccine against challenge viruses of homologous H5N1, heterologous H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4) and heterosubtypic H9N2 virus in specific pathogen-free chickens. The rgH5N2 vaccine alone or in combination with HA stalk elicited sufficient pre-challenge immunity in the form of haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibodies and neutralizing antibodies (MNT) against H5N1, H5N8, and H9N2 in chickens. The rgH5N2 vaccine alone or in combination with HA stalk also attenuated the shedding of H5N1, H5N8 and H9N2 in chickens and protected against the lethal challenge of H5N1 or H5N8. In contrast, all HA stalk immunised chickens died upon H5N1 or H5N8 challenge and H9N2 challenged chickens survived. Our study suggests that the rgH5N2 vaccine can provide clinical protection against H5N1, H5N8 and can attenuate the viral shedding of H9N2 in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasankar Panickan
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India; ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal 462022, India.
| | - Sandeep Bhatia
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal 462022, India.
| | - Sushant Bhat
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 ONF, United Kingdom
| | - Nisha Bhandari
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Atul Kumar Pateriya
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal 462022, India
| | | | - Richa Sood
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal 462022, India
| | - Meghna Tripathi
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal 462022, India
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Qiao Y, Zhang Y, Chen J, Jin S, Shan Y. A biepitope, adjuvant-free, self-assembled influenza nanovaccine provides cross-protection against H3N2 and H1N1 viruses in mice. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 15:8304-8314. [PMID: 35911479 PMCID: PMC9325945 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the incorporation of multiple epitopes into vaccines is more desirable than the incorporation of a single antigen for universal influenza vaccine development. However, epitopes induce poor immune responses. Although the use of adjuvants can overcome this obstacle, it may raise new problems. Effective antigen delivery vehicles that can function as both antigen carriers and intrinsic adjuvants are highly desired for vaccine development. Here, we report a biepitope nanovaccine that provides complete protection in mice against H3N2 virus as well as partial protection against H1N1 virus. This vaccine (3MCD-f) consists of two conserved epitopes (matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) and CDhelix), and these epitopes were presented on the surface of ferritin in a sequential tandem format. Subcutaneous immunization with 3MCD-f in the absence of adjuvant induces robust humoral and cellular immune responses. These results provide a proof of concept for the 3MCD-f nanovaccine that might be an ideal candidate for future influenza pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Qiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - YaXin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - Jie Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - Shenghui Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 China
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Zhuang X, Chen L, Yang S, Xia S, Xu Z, Zhang T, Zeng B, Yu T, Yu N, Wang W, Lu H, Tian M, Jin N. R848 Adjuvant Laden With Self-Assembled Nanoparticle-Based mRNA Vaccine Elicits Protective Immunity Against H5N1 in Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836274. [PMID: 35711431 PMCID: PMC9197463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to perfect the design strategy of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against the H5N1 influenza virus, we investigated whether different antigen designs and the use of adjuvants could improve the immune effect of mRNA vaccines. We designed three different forms of antigen genes, including Flu [H1/H3/H5/B-HA2(aa90~105)-M2e(24aa)], Flu-Fe (Fe, ferritin), and CD5-Flu-Fe (CD5, a secretion signal peptide). Meanwhile, R848 (Requimod) was selected as the adjuvant of the mRNA vaccine. We prepared cationic lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery, named LNP-Man (mannose-modified lipid nanoparticles). Cell transfection results showed that Flu-Fe/CD5-Flu-Fe containing ferritin could express the target antigens HA2 and M2e more efficiently than Flu. In the mice immune experiment, five immune groups (LNP-Man/Flu, LNP-Man/Flu-Fe, LNP-Man/CD5-Flu-Fe, LNP-Man/Flu-Fe+R848, and LNP-Man/CD5-Flu-Fe+R848) and two control groups (LNP-Man, PBS) were set up. After being infected with the 1×LD50 H5N1 avian influenza virus, the survival rate of the mice in the LNP-Man/CD5-Flu-Fe, LNP-Man/Flu-Fe+R848, and LNP-Man/CD5-Flu-Fe+R848 were 100%. More importantly, in LNP-Man/Flu-Fe+R848 and LNP-Man/CD5-Flu-Fe+R848 groups, there was no residual virus detected in the mice lung tissue on the 5th day postchallenge. Overall, this study provides a new idea for the design of H5N1 avian influenza virus mRNA vaccines in terms of antigen designs and adjuvant selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhuang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Luer Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songhui Yang
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Boyu Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tong Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huijun Lu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mingyao Tian
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Qiao Y, Li S, Jin S, Pan Y, Shi Y, Kong W, Shan Y. A self-assembling nanoparticle vaccine targeting the conserved epitope of influenza virus hemagglutinin stem elicits a cross-protective immune response. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3250-3260. [PMID: 35157751 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08460g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Various vaccine strategies have been developed to provide broad protection against diverse influenza viruses. The hemagglutinin (HA) stem is the major potential target of these vaccines. Enhancing immunogenicity and eliciting cross-protective immune responses are critical for HA stem-based vaccine designs. In this study, the A helix (Ah) and CD helix (CDh) from the HA stem were fused with ferritin, individually, or in tandem, yielding Ah-f, CDh-f and (A + CD)h-f nanoparticles (NPs), respectively. These NPs were produced through a prokaryotic expression system. After three immunizations with AS03-adjuvanted NPs in BALB/c mice via the subcutaneous route, CDh-f and (A + CD)h-f induced robust humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, CDh-f and (A + CD)h-f conferred complete protection against a lethal challenge of H3N2 virus, while no remarkable immune responses and protective effects were detected in the Ah-f group. These results indicate that the CDh-based nanovaccine represents a promising vaccine platform against influenza, and the epitope-conjugated ferritin NPs may be a potential vaccine platform against other infectious viruses, such as SARS-COV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Qiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Shenghui Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Yi Pan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Yuhua Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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