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Miguelena Chamorro B, De Luca K, Swaminathan G, Longet S, Mundt E, Paul S. Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella pertussis: Similarities and Differences in Infection, Immuno-Modulation, and Vaccine Considerations. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0016422. [PMID: 37306571 PMCID: PMC10512794 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00164-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica belong to the genus Bordetella, which comprises 14 other species. B. pertussis is responsible for whooping cough in humans, a severe infection in children and less severe or chronic in adults. These infections are restricted to humans and currently increasing worldwide. B. bronchiseptica is involved in diverse respiratory infections in a wide range of mammals. For instance, the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), characterized by a chronic cough in dogs. At the same time, it is increasingly implicated in human infections, while remaining an important pathogen in the veterinary field. Both Bordetella can evade and modulate host immune responses to support their persistence, although it is more pronounced in B. bronchiseptica infection. The protective immune responses elicited by both pathogens are comparable, while there are important characteristics in the mechanisms that differ. However, B. pertussis pathogenesis is more difficult to decipher in animal models than those of B. bronchiseptica because of its restriction to humans. Nevertheless, the licensed vaccines for each Bordetella are different in terms of formulation, route of administration and immune responses induced, with no known cross-reaction between them. Moreover, the target of the mucosal tissues and the induction of long-lasting cellular and humoral responses are required to control and eliminate Bordetella. In addition, the interaction between both veterinary and human fields are essential for the control of this genus, by preventing the infections in animals and the subsequent zoonotic transmission to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Miguelena Chamorro
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP (Saint-Etienne), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, UJM, Lyon, France
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Global Innovation, Saint-Priest, France
| | - Karelle De Luca
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Global Innovation, Saint-Priest, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Longet
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP (Saint-Etienne), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, UJM, Lyon, France
- CIC Inserm 1408 Vaccinology, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Egbert Mundt
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Global Innovation, Saint-Priest, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP (Saint-Etienne), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, UJM, Lyon, France
- CIC Inserm 1408 Vaccinology, Saint-Etienne, France
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Xu X, Li J, Huang P, Cui X, Li X, Sun J, Huang Y, Ji Q, Wei Q, Bao G, Liu Y. Isolation, Identification and Drug Resistance Rates of Bacteria from Pigs in Zhejiang and Surrounding Areas during 2019-2021. Vet Sci 2023; 10:502. [PMID: 37624289 PMCID: PMC10458188 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacterial diseases in pig farms in various regions of Zhejiang Province and surrounding areas. A total of 526 samples were collected from 85 pig farms in Zhejiang Province and surrounding areas. In this study, samples were analyzed using bacterial isolation and purification, Gram staining, PCR amplification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A total of 36 Pasteurella multocida (Pm) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 6.84%; 37 Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 7.03%; 60 Glasserella parasuis (G. parasuis) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 11.41%; 170 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 32.32%; 67 Streptococcus suis (SS) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 12.74%; 44 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 8.37%; and 7 Salmonella enteritis (SE) isolates were detected, with an isolation rate of 1.33%. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing against 21 types of antibiotics was carried out on the isolated strains, and the results showed that 228 strains had varying degrees of resistance to 21 antibiotics, including Pm, Bb, E. coli, and APP, with the highest resistance to lincomycin, at 100%. Pm and APP were the most sensitive to cephalothin, with resistance rates of 0. In terms of strains, Pm had the highest overall sensitivity to 21 antibiotics, and E. coli had the highest resistance. In short, bacterial diseases in Zhejiang and the surrounding areas were harmful, and the drug resistance situation was severe. This study provides scientific guidance for the clinical treatment of bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junxing Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Pan Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Jiaying Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yee Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Quanan Ji
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qiang Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Guolian Bao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (P.H.); (X.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (Q.J.); (Q.W.)
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de Jong A, Morrissey I, Rose M, Temmerman R, Klein U, Simjee S, El Garch F. Antimicrobial susceptibility among respiratory tract pathogens isolated from diseased cattle and pigs from different parts of Europe. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad132. [PMID: 37391360 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To survey antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing cattle and pig respiratory infections in 10 European countries. METHODS AND RESULTS Non-replicate nasopharyngeal/nasal or lung swabs were collected from animals with acute respiratory signs during 2015-2016. Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni from cattle (n = 281), and P. multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Glaesserella parasuis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Streptococcus suis from pigs (n = 593) were isolated. MICs were assessed following CLSI standards and interpreted using veterinary breakpoints where available. Histophilus somni isolates were fully antibiotic susceptible. Bovine P. multocida and M. haemolytica were susceptible to all antibiotics, except tetracycline (11.6%-17.6% resistance). Low macrolide and spectinomycin resistance was observed for P. multocida and M. haemolytica (1.3%-8.8%). Similar susceptibility was observed in pigs, where breakpoints are available. Resistance in P. multocida, A. pleuropneumoniae, and S. suis to ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, and florfenicol was absent or <5%. Tetracycline resistance varied from 10.6% to 21.3%, but was 82.4% in S. suis. Overall multidrug-resistance was low. Antibiotic resistance in 2015-2016 remained similar as in 2009-2012. CONCLUSIONS Low antibiotic resistance was observed among respiratory tract pathogens, except for tetracycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anno de Jong
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Markus Rose
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Ulrich Klein
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium
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Are Bordetella bronchiseptica Siphoviruses (Genus Vojvodinavirus) Appropriate for Phage Therapy-Bacterial Allies or Foes? Viruses 2021; 13:v13091732. [PMID: 34578315 PMCID: PMC8471281 DOI: 10.3390/v13091732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a respiratory animal pathogen that shows growing resistance to commonly used antibiotics, which has necessitated the examination of new antimicrobials, including bacteriophages. In this study, we examined the previously isolated and partially characterized B. bronchiseptica siphoviruses of the genus Vojvodinavirus (LK3, CN1, CN2, FP1 and MW2) for their ability to inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm, and we examined other therapeutically important properties through genomic analysis and lysogeny experiments. The phages inhibited bacterial growth at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI = 0.001) of up to 85% and at MOI = 1 for >99%. Similarly, depending on the phages and MOIs, biofilm formation inhibition ranged from 65 to 95%. The removal of biofilm by the phages was less efficient but still considerably high (40–75%). Complete genomic sequencing of Bordetella phage LK3 (59,831 bp; G + C 64.01%; 79 ORFs) showed integrase and repressor protein presence, indicating phage potential to lysogenize bacteria. Lysogeny experiments confirmed the presence of phage DNA in bacterial DNA upon infection using PCR, which showed that the LK3 phage forms more or less stable lysogens depending on the bacterial host. Bacterial infection with the LK3 phage enhanced biofilm production, sheep blood hemolysis, flagellar motility, and beta-lactam resistance. The examined phages showed considerable anti-B. bronchiseptica activity, but they are inappropriate for therapy because of their temperate nature and lysogenic conversion of the host bacterium.
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