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Gong G, Fan Y, Yan X, Li W, Yan X, Liu H, Zhang L, Su Y, Zhang J, Jiang W, Liu Z, Wang Z, Wang R, Zhang Y, Lv Q, Li J, Su R. Identification of Genes Related to Hair Follicle Cycle Development in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat by WGCNA. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:894380. [PMID: 35774980 PMCID: PMC9237575 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.894380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cashmere goat from Inner Mongolia is an excellent local breed in China, and the related cashmere product is a kind of precious textile raw material with high price. Cashmere is generated from secondary hair follicles, which has obvious annual periodicity and includes three different stages: anagen, catagen, and telogen. Therefore, we investigated skin transcriptome data for 12 months using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to explore essential modules, pathways, and genes responsible for the periodic growth and development of secondary hair follicles. A total of 17 co-expression modules were discovered by WGCNA, and there is a strong correlation between steelblue module and month (0.65, p = 3E−09), anagen (0.52, p = 1E−05), telogen (−0.6, p = 8E−08). Gene expression was generally high during late anagen to catagen (June to December), while expression was downregulated from telogen to early anagen (January–May), which is similar to the growth rule of hair follicle cycle. KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the genes of steelblue module indicated that genes are mainly enriched in Cell cycle, Wnt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and other important signal pathways. These genes were also significantly enriched in GO functional annotation of the cell cycle, microtubule movement, microtubule binding, tubulin binding, and so on. Ten genes (WIF1, WNT11, BAMBI, FZD10, NKD1, LEF1, CCND3, E2F3, CDC6, and CDC25A) were selected from these modules, and further identified as candidate biomarkers to regulate periodic development of hair follicles using qRT-PCR. The Wnt signaling pathway and Cell cycle play an important role in the periodic development of hair follicles. Ten genes were identified as essential functional molecules related to periodic development of hair follicle. These findings laid a foundation for understanding molecular mechanisms in biological functions such as hair follicle development and hair growth in cashmere goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Gong
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yixing Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaochun Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenze Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hongfu Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yixing Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qi Lv
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Lv
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Hohhot, China
- Jinquan Li
| | - Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Hohhot, China
- Rui Su
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Gong G, Fan Y, Li W, Yan X, Yan X, Zhang L, Wang N, Chen O, Zhang Y, Wang R, Liu Z, Jiang W, Li J, Wang Z, Lv Q, Su R. Identification of the Key Genes Associated with Different Hair Types in the Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111456. [PMID: 35681921 PMCID: PMC9179306 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Inner Mongolia cashmere goat is an excellent local breed in China. According to the characteristics of wool quilts, the Inner Mongolia cashmere goat can be divided into three types: a long-hair type (hair length of >22 cm), a short-hair type (hair length of ≤13 cm), and an intermediate type (hair length of >13 cm and ≤22 cm). It is found that hair length has a certain reference value for the indirect selection of other important economic traits of cashmere. In order to explore the molecular mechanisms and related regulatory genes of the different hair types, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out on the gene expression data and phenotypic data of 12-month-old Inner Mongolia cashmere goats with a long-hair type (LHG) and a short-hair type (SHG) to explore the coexpression modules related to different coat types and nine candidate genes, and detect the relative expression of key candidate genes. The results showed that the WGCNA divided these genes into 19 coexpression modules and found that there was a strong correlation between one module and different hair types. The expression trends of this module’s genes were different in the two hair types, with high expression in the LHG and low expression in the SHG. GO functions are mainly concentrated in cellular components, including intermediate filaments (GO:0005882), intermediate filament cytoskeletons (GO:0045111), and cytoskeletal parts (GO:0044430). The KEGG pathway is mainly enriched in arginine as well as proline metabolism (chx00330) and the MAPK signaling pathway (chx04010). The candidate genes of the different hair types, including the KRT39, KRT74, LOC100861184, LOC102177231, LOC102178767, LOC102179881, LOC106503203, LOC108638293, and LOC108638298 genes, were screened. Through qRT-PCR, it was found that there were significant differences in these candidate genes between the two hair types, and most of them had a significant positive correlation with hair length. It was preliminarily inferred that these candidate genes could regulate the different hair types of cashmere goats and provide molecular markers for hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Gong
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yixing Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Wenze Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaochun Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ludan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Na Wang
- Inner Mongolia Yiwei White Cashmere Goat Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010018, China; (N.W.); (O.C.)
| | - Oljibilig Chen
- Inner Mongolia Yiwei White Cashmere Goat Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010018, China; (N.W.); (O.C.)
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ruijun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qi Lv
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (G.G.); (W.L.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (W.J.); (J.L.); (Z.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China
- Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (R.S.)
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Wang Z, Hao D, Fang D, Yu J, Wang X, Qin G. Transcriptome Analysis Reveal Candidate Genes and Pathways Responses to Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibition (Oxamate) in Hyperglycemic Human Renal Proximal Epithelial Tubular Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:785605. [PMID: 35370938 PMCID: PMC8970056 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.785605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Previous studies showed that oxamate could regulate glycemic homeostasis and impacted mitochondria respiration in a hyperglycemia-dependent manner in the rat proximal tubular cells. To explore the transcriptome gene expression profiling of kidney tissues in human renal proximal epithelial tubular cell line (HK-2), we treated HK-2 cells with high D-glucose (HG) for 7 days before the addition of 40 mM oxamate for a further 24 hours in the presence of HG in this study. Afterwards, we identified 3,884 differentially expressed (DE) genes based on adjusted P-value ≤ 0.05 and investigated gene relationships based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). After qRT-PCR validations, MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B (P-value < 0.01) and BECN1 were found to show relatively higher expression levels in the treated groups than the control groups, while PGC1α (P-value < 0.05) showed the lower expressions. Accordingly, enrichment analyses of GO terms and KEGG pathways showed that several pathways [e.g., lysosome pathway (hsa04142) and p53 signaling pathway (hsa04115)] may be involved in the response of HK-2 cells to oxamate. Moreover, via WGCNA, we identified two modules: both the turquoise and blue modules were enriched in pathways associated with lysosome. However, the p53 signaling pathway was only found using all 3,884 DE genes. Furthermore, the key hub genes IGFBP3 (adjusted P-value = 1.34×10-75 and log2(FC) = 2.64) interacted with 6 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated DE genes in the network that were enriched in the p53 signaling pathway. This is the first study reporting co-expression patterns of a gene network after lactate dehydrogenase inhibition in HK-2 cells. Our results may contribute to our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of in vitro reprogramming under hyperglycemic stress that orchestrates the survival and functions of HK-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Hao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiating Yu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Konge Larsen ApS, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Xiao Wang, ; Guijun Qin,
| | - Guijun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Wang, ; Guijun Qin,
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