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Wang C, Liu Y, Yang Y, Teng M, Wan X, Wu Z, Zhang Z. Splenic proteome profiling in response to Marek's disease virus strain GX0101 infection. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:10. [PMID: 38183097 PMCID: PMC10768084 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) strain GX0101 was the first reported field strain of recombinant gallid herpesvirus type 2 (GaHV-2). However, the splenic proteome of MDV-infected chickens remains unclear. In this study, a total of 28 1-day-old SPF chickens were intraperitoneally injected with chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) containing 2000 PFU GX0101. Additionally, a control group, consisting of four one-day-old SPF chickens, received intraperitoneal equal doses of CEF. Blood and various tissue samples were collected at different intervals (7, 14, 21, 30, 45, 60, and 90 days post-infection; dpi) for histopathological, real-time PCR, and label-free quantitative analyses. The results showed that the serum expressions of MDV-related genes, meq and gB, peaked at 45 dpi. The heart, liver, and spleen were dissected at 30 and 45 dpi, and their hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated that virus infection compromised the normal organizational structure at 45 dpi. Particularly, the spleen structure was severely damaged, and the lymphocytes in the white medulla were significantly reduced. Furthermore, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and label-free techniques were used to analyze the difference in splenic proteome profiles of the experimental and control groups at 30 and 45 dpi. Proteomic analysis identified 1660 and 1244 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) at 30 and 40 dpi, respectively, compared with the uninfected spleen tissues. According to GO analysis, these DEPs were involved in processes such as organelle organization, cellular component biogenesis, cellular component assembly, anion binding, small molecule binding, metal ion binding, cation binding, cytosol, nuclear part, etc. Additionally, KEGG analysis indicated that the following pathways were linked to MDV-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and tumor: Wnt, Hippo, AMPK, cAMP, Notch, TGF-β, PI3K-Akt, Rap1, Ras, Calcium, NF-κB, PPAR, cGMP-PKG, Apoptosis, VEGF, mTOR, FoxO, TNF, JAK-STAT, MAPK, Prion disease, T cell receptor, and B cell receptor. We finally screened 674 DEPs that were linked to MDV infection in spleen tissue. This study improves our understanding of the MDV response mechanism in the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Yuanzi Liu
- Shaanxi Meili-OH Animal Health Co., Ltd, Xi'an, 712034, PR China
| | - Yuze Yang
- Beijing Animal Husbandry Station, Beijing, 100107, PR China
| | - Man Teng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Xuerui Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Zixiang Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
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Hong Y, Wu Y, Xie Y, Ben L, Bu X, Pan X, Shao J, Dong Q, Qin X, Wang X. Effects of antibiotic-induced resistance on the growth, survival ability and virulence of Salmonella enterica. Food Microbiol 2023; 115:104331. [PMID: 37567636 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is an important foodborne pathogen that constitutes a major health hazard. The emergence and aggravation of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella has drawn attention widely around the world. Conducting a risk assessment of antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens throughout the food chain is a pressing requirement for ensuring food safety. The growth, survival capability, and virulence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella represent crucial biological characteristics that play an important role in microbial risk assessment. In this study, eight antibiotic-sensitive S. enterica strains were induced by Ampicillin (Amp) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP), respectively, and AMP-resistant and CIP-resistant mutants were obtained. The growth characteristics under different temperatures (25, 30, 35 °C), viability after exposure to heat (55, 57.5, 60 °C) and acid (HCl, pH = 3.0), the virulence potential (adhesion and invasion to Caco-2 cells, biofilm formation and motility) and the lethality in a model species (Galleria mellonella) were evaluated and compared for S. enterica strains before and after antibiotic exposure. The induction by AMP and CIP are likely to promote cross-antibiotic resistance to their antibiotic classes, β-lactams and quinolones, as well as some compound antibiotics. It was observed that generally the antibiotic-induction-resistant strains showed decreased growth ability and lower heat resistance, although the differences were not significant at all the conditions tested. The AMP-resistant strains were significantly less acid resistance than the sensitive and the CIP-resistant ones, while exhibiting increased biofilm formation ability. In general, the antibiotic-induced resistance did not significantly affect the motility, adherence, or invasion ability of Caco-2 cells. However, CIP-resistant strains displayed lower lethality in G. mellonella infection, whereas AMP-resistant strains did not, and even two strains improved lethality. The study of the biological characteristics of antibiotic-resistant S. enterica is essential in better understanding the microbial risks to both the food chain and human health, thereby facilitating a more accurate risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufan Wu
- Centre of Analysis and Test, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yani Xie
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Leijie Ben
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangfeng Bu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinye Pan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingdong Shao
- Technology Center of Zhangjiagang Customs, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingli Dong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Qin
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Wang M, Bissonnette N, Laterrière M, Gagné D, Dudemaine PL, Roy JP, Sirard MA, Ibeagha-Awemu EM. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Transcriptome Integration Associates DNA Methylation Changes with Bovine Subclinical Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus chromogenes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10369. [PMID: 37373515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus chromogenes (SC) is a common coagulase-negative staphylococcus described as an emerging mastitis pathogen and commonly found in dairy farms. This study investigated the potential involvement of DNA methylation in subclinical mastitis caused by SC. The whole-genome DNA methylation patterns and transcriptome profiles of milk somatic cells from four cows with naturally occurring SC subclinical mastitis (SCM) and four healthy cows were characterized by next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics, and integration analyses. Comparisons revealed abundant DNA methylation changes related to SCM, including differentially methylated cytosine sites (DMCs, n = 2,163,976), regions (DMRs, n = 58,965), and methylation haplotype blocks (dMHBs, n = 53,098). Integration of methylome and transcriptome data indicated a negative global association between DNA methylation at regulatory regions (promoters, first exons, and first introns) and gene expression. A total of 1486 genes with significant changes in the methylation levels of their regulatory regions and corresponding gene expression showed significant enrichment in biological processes and pathways related to immune functions. Sixteen dMHBs were identified as candidate discriminant signatures, and validation of two signatures in more samples further revealed the association of dMHBs with mammary gland health and production. This study demonstrated abundant DNA methylation changes with possible involvement in regulating host responses and potential as biomarkers for SCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Wang
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bissonnette
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - Mario Laterrière
- Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, QC G1V 2J3, Canada
| | - David Gagné
- Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, QC G1V 2J3, Canada
| | - Pier-Luc Dudemaine
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Roy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Department of Animal Science, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Eveline M Ibeagha-Awemu
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
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Zhu XY, Wang ML, Cai M, Nan XM, Zhao YG, Xiong BH, Yang L. Protein Expression Profiles in Exosomes of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Line MAC-T Infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0174322. [PMID: 36939340 PMCID: PMC10132110 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01743-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is a common and widespread infectious disease in dairy farms around the world, resulting in reduced milk production and quality. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogenic bacteria causing subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. S. aureus can activate inflammatory signaling pathways in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Exosomes produced by cells can directly transfer pathogen-related molecules from cell to cell, thus affecting the process of infection. Protein is the material basis of the immune defense function in the body; therefore, a comprehensive comparison of proteins in exosomes derived from S. aureus-infected (SA group) and normal (control group [C group]) bovine mammary epithelial MAC-T cells was performed using shotgun proteomics by a DIA approach. A total of 7,070 proteins were identified and quantified. Compared with the C group, there were 802 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) identified in the SA group (absolute log2 fold change [|log2FC|] of ≥0.58; false discovery rate [FDR] of <0.05), among which 325 proteins were upregulated and 477 were downregulated. The upregulated proteins, including complement 3 (C3), integrin alpha-6 (ITGA6), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), annexin A2 (ANXA2), tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPP2), keratin 8 (KRT8), and recombinant desmoyokin (AHNAK), are involved mostly in host defense against pathogens, inflammation, and cell structure maintenance. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that DEPs in S. aureus infection were involved in the complement and coagulation cascade, phagosome, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and focal adhesion pathways. The results of this study provide novel information about proteins in the exosomes of MAC-T cells infected with S. aureus and could contribute to an understanding of the infectious mechanism of bovine mastitis. IMPORTANCE Mastitis is a widespread infectious disease in dairy farms, resulting in reduced milk production and quality. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogenic bacteria causing subclinical mastitis. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which are involved in many physiological and pathological functions. The expression of proteins in exosomes derived from bovine mammary epithelial cells infected by S. aureus is still barely understood. These results provide novel information about MAC-T-derived exosomal proteins, reveal insights into their functions, and lay a foundation for further studying the biological function of exosomes during the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Mei Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Guang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ben-Hai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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