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Choi Y, Lee SJ, Kim HS, Eom JS, Jo SU, Guan LL, Lee SS. Metataxonomic and metabolomic profiling revealed Pinus koraiensis cone essential oil reduced methane emission through affecting ruminal microbial interactions and host-microbial metabolism. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:37. [PMID: 38943213 PMCID: PMC11212255 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-024-00325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pinus koraiensis cone essential oil (PEO) contains functional compounds such as monoterpene hydrocarbons, and the administration of PEO reduced methane (CH4) emissions during growing phase of goats. However, the mode of action of PEO driven CH4 reduction is not known, especially how the administration of PEO can affect rumen microbiota and host metabolism in goats during the fattening phase. This study aimed to elucidate the potential microbial and host responses PEO supplementation in goats using metataxonomics (prokaryotes and protozoa) and metabolomics (rumen fluid and serum). RESULTS Ten fattening Korean native goats were divided into two dietary groups: control (CON; basal diet without additives) and PEO (basal diet + 1.5 g/d of PEO) with a 2 × 2 crossover design and the treatment lasted for 11 weeks. Administration of PEO reduced CH4 concentrations in the exhaled gas from eructation by 12.0-13.6% (P < 0.05). Although the microbial composition of prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and protozoa in the rumen was not altered after PEO administration. MaAsLin2 analysis revealed that the abundance of Selenomonas, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, and Anaerovibrio were enriched in the rumen of PEO supplemented goats (Q < 0.1). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group and Anaerovibrio were the keystone taxa in the CON and PEO groups, respectively. Methane metabolism (P < 0.05) was enriched in the CON group, whereas metabolism of sulfur (P < 0.001) and propionate (P < 0.1) were enriched in the PEO group based on microbial predicted functions. After PEO administration, the abundance of 11 rumen and 4 serum metabolites increased, whereas that of 25 rumen and 14 serum metabolites decreased (P < 0.1). Random forest analysis identified eight ruminal metabolites that were altered after PEO administration, among which four were associated with propionate production, with predictive accuracy ranging from 0.75 to 0.88. Additionally, we found that serum sarcosine (serum metabolite) was positively correlated with CH4 emission parameters and abundance of Methanobrevibacter in the rumen (|r|≥ 0.5, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that PEO administration reduced CH4 emission from of fattening goats with altered microbial interactions and metabolites in the rumen and host. Importantly, PEO administration affected utilizes various mechanisms such as formate, sulfur, methylated amines metabolism, and propionate production, collectively leading to CH4 reduction. The knowledge is important for future management strategies to maintain animal production and health while mitigate CH4 emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Choi
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S J Lee
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science and University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Eom
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - S U Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - L L Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - S S Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science and University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Rabee AE, Mohamed M Ghandour M, Sallam A, Elwakeel EA, Mohammed RS, Sabra EA, Abdel-Wahed AM, Mourad DM, Hamed AA, Hafez OR. Rumen fermentation and microbiota in Shami goats fed on condensed tannins or herbal mixture. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:35. [PMID: 38297287 PMCID: PMC10829277 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemical compounds can modify the rumen microbiome and improve rumen fermentation. This study evaluated the impact of supplementation with tannin and an herbal mixture containing ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), Artemisia (Artemisia vulgaris), and turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the rumen fermentation and microbiota, and histology of rumen tissue of goats. Eighteen Shami male goats were divided into three groups (n = 6): non-supplemented animals fed the basal diet (C, control); animals fed basal diet and supplemented with condensed tannin (T); and animals fed basal diet and supplemented with herbal mixture (HM). Each animal received a basal diet composed of Alfalfa hay and a concentrate feed mixture. RESULTS Group HM revealed higher (P < 0.05) rumen pH, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, and valeric. Principal Co-ordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that rumen microbial communities in the control group and supplemented groups were distinct. The supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundances of phylum Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria and declined (P < 0.05) Firmicutes and Fibrobacterota. Additionally, the dominant genus Prevotella and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group were increased (P < 0.05) and the family Ruminococcaceae was declined (P < 0.05) due to the supplementation. The supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the archaeal genus Methanobrevibacter and increased (P < 0.05) Candidatus Methanomethylophilus. Tannin supplementation in T group shortened the rumen papillae. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that the herbal mixture might be used to alter the rumen microbiota to improve rumen fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Emara Rabee
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa Mohamed M Ghandour
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sallam
- Animal and Poultry Breeding Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A Elwakeel
- Department of Animal and Fish production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Mohammed
- Animal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebrahim A Sabra
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Adel M Abdel-Wahed
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Disouky Mohamed Mourad
- Animal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Amin Hamed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama Raef Hafez
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
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