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Liao C, Chen Y, Yan Z, Song Y, Zhou Q, Zhu P, He X, Li W, Chen F. Development of a rapid quantitative method to differentiate MS1 vaccine strain from wild-type Mycoplasma synoviae. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1354548. [PMID: 38496312 PMCID: PMC10940412 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1354548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is an economically important pathogen in the poultry industry. Vaccination is an effective method to prevent and control MS infections. Currently two live attenuated MS vaccines are commercially available, the temperature-sensitive MS-H vaccine strain and the NAD-independent MS1 vaccine strain. Differentiation of vaccine strains from wild-type (WT) strains is crucial for monitoring MS infection, especially after vaccination. In this study, we developed a Taqman duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to identify MS1 vaccine strains from WT strains. The method was specific and did not cross-react with other avian pathogens. The sensitivity assay indicated that no inhibition occurred between probes or between mixed and pure templates in duplex real-time PCR. Compared with the melt-based mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA), our method was more sensitive and rapid. In conclusion, the Taqman duplex real-time PCR method is a useful method for the diagnosis and differentiation of WT-MS and MS1 vaccine strains in a single reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changtao Liao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China
| | - Yiquan Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuanqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China
| | - Yiwei Song
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China
| | - Puduo Zhu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China
| | - Xudong He
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China
| | - Wenyang Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Si D, Sun J, Guo L, Yang F, Tian X, He S, Li J. Hypothetical Proteins of Mycoplasma synoviae Reannotation and Expression Changes Identified via RNA-Sequencing. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2716. [PMID: 38004728 PMCID: PMC10673309 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma synoviae infection rates in chickens are increasing worldwide. Genomic studies have considerably improved our understanding of M. synoviae biology and virulence. However, approximately 20% of the predicted proteins have unknown functions. In particular, the M. synoviae ATCC 25204 genome has 663 encoding DNA sequences, among which 155 are considered encoding hypothetical proteins (HPs). Several of these genes may encode unknown virulence factors. This study aims to reannotate all 155 proteins in M. synoviae ATCC 25204 to predict new potential virulence factors using currently available databases and bioinformatics tools. Finally, 125 proteins were reannotated, including enzymes (39%), lipoproteins (10%), DNA-binding proteins (6%), phase-variable hemagglutinin (19%), and other protein types (26%). Among 155 proteins, 28 proteins associated with virulence were detected, five of which were reannotated. Furthermore, HP expression was compared before and after the M. synoviae infection of cells to identify potential virulence-related proteins. The expression of 14 HP genes was upregulated, including that of five virulence-related genes. Our study improved the functional annotation of M. synoviae ATCC 25204 from 76% to 95% and enabled the discovery of potential virulence factors in the genome. Moreover, 14 proteins that may be involved in M. synoviae infection were identified, providing candidate proteins and facilitating the exploration of the infection mechanism of M. synoviae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shenghu He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (D.S.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (F.Y.); (X.T.)
| | - Jidong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Clinical Veterinary Laboratory, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (D.S.); (J.S.); (L.G.); (F.Y.); (X.T.)
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