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Antón‐Cánovas T, Alonso F. The Eschenmoser's Salt as a Formylation Agent for the Synthesis of Indolizinecarbaldehydes and Their Use for Colorimetric Nitrite Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215916. [PMID: 36448641 PMCID: PMC10108028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
C-H bond formylation is the most immediate way to incorporate the versatile formyl group into (hetero)aromatics. However, the type of reagents and severe conditions involved in the classical formylation methods often curtail their application, especially in the presence of other functional groups. Herein, we present the Eschenmoser's salt, a commercially available (dimethylamino)methylating chemical, as a useful reagent for the C-H formylation of indolizines and other compounds. The method is straightforward and mild, furnishing indolizinecarbaldehydes in modest-to-good yields with exclusive and remote regioselectivity. Furthermore, these compounds can be easily transformed into push-pull dyes and are highly selective in the colorimetric detection of nitrite, a substance extensively employed as preservative in the food industry, the concentration of which is crucial to control to prevent harmful effects in living organisms. The assay is simple, allowing the naked-eye detection of nitrite in solution or on a cotton swab for a wide range of concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Antón‐Cánovas
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de AlicanteApdo. 9903080AlicanteSpain
| | - Francisco Alonso
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de AlicanteApdo. 9903080AlicanteSpain
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Sekgota KC, Isaacs M, Hoppe HC, Seldon R, Warner DF, Khanye SD, Kaye PT. Propylphosphonic acid anhydride–mediated amidation of Morita–Baylis–Hillman–derived indolizine-2-carboxylic acids. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519820987156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Propylphosphonic acid anhydride has been successfully used as a coupling agent in the synthesis of a series of indolizine-2-carboxamido derivatives from indolizine-2-carboxylic acid and its 3-acetylated analogue. The acid substrates were obtained by saponification of the corresponding methyl esters produced, in turn, selectively and efficiently, by time-controlled cyclisation of a single Morita–Baylis–Hillman adduct. Various amino and hydrazino compounds with medicinal potential have been used to prepare indolizine-2-carboxamido and hydrazido derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Isaacs
- Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Heinrich C Hoppe
- Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Ronnett Seldon
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3-D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Digby F Warner
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Setshaba D Khanye
- Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Perry T Kaye
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
- Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
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Phenacylation of 6-Methyl-Beta-Nitropyridin-2-Ones and Further Heterocyclization of Products. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071682. [PMID: 32272572 PMCID: PMC7181056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction between the derivatives of 6-methyl-beta-nitropyridin-2-one and phenacyl bromides was studied, and the yields observed were extremely low. The pyridones were converted via chloropyridines to methoxyderivatives, which were N-phenacylated. N-Phenacyl derivatives of 4,6-dimethyl-5-nitropyridin-2-one under the action of base gave 5-hydroxy-8-nitroindolizine and under acidic conditions gave 5-methyl-6-nitrooxazole[3,2-a]pyridinium salt, which underwent recycization with MeONa to 5-methoxy-8-nitroindolizine.
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Bertallo CRDS, Arroio TR, Toledo MFZJ, Sadler SA, Vessecchi R, Steel PG, Clososki GC. C‐H Activation/Metalation Approaches for the Synthesis of Indolizine Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila R. d. S. Bertallo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Av. do Café S/N 14040‐903 Ribeirão Preto ‐ SP Brazil
| | - Thais R. Arroio
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Av. do Café S/N 14040‐903 Ribeirão Preto ‐ SP Brazil
| | - Mônica F. Z. J. Toledo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Av. do Café S/N 14040‐903 Ribeirão Preto ‐ SP Brazil
| | - Scott A. Sadler
- Department of Chemistry Durham University South Road DH1 3LE Durham UK
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Departamento de Química Faculdade de Filosofia Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes 3900 14040‐901 Ribeirão Preto ‐ SP Brazil
| | - Patrick G. Steel
- Department of Chemistry Durham University South Road DH1 3LE Durham UK
| | - Giuliano C. Clososki
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo Av. do Café S/N 14040‐903 Ribeirão Preto ‐ SP Brazil
- Departamento de Química Faculdade de Filosofia Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes 3900 14040‐901 Ribeirão Preto ‐ SP Brazil
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5
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Kahar NM, Nabar KU, Jadhav PP, Dawande SG. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Highly Stereoselective C3 Functionalization of Indolizines with N
-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kasturi Uday Nabar
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai; 400019 Maharashtra India
| | - Pankaj Pandit Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai; 400019 Maharashtra India
| | - Sudam Ganpat Dawande
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai; 400019 Maharashtra India
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Rzhevskii SA, Rybakov VB, Khrustalev VN, Babaev EV. Reactions of 5-Indolizyl Lithium Compounds with Some Bielectrophiles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 22:molecules22040661. [PMID: 28425958 PMCID: PMC6154666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Indolizyl-5-lithium anions react with succinic and phtalic anhidrides giving 1,4-keto acids, with oxallyl chloride giving 1,2-diketone, and with ethyl pyruvate giving 1,2-hydroxyacid. However, with α-halocarbonyl compounds, they react in different ways, forming the products of selective bromination at C-5 (with α-bromo ketones and esters of α-bromo acids) and 5-chloroacetyl indolizines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Rzhevskii
- Life Sciences Center, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskii per. 9/7, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region 141701, Russia.
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Victor B Rybakov
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya str. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia.
| | - Eugene V Babaev
- Life Sciences Center, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskii per. 9/7, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region 141701, Russia.
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M. Elattar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Youssef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Fadda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Dresel M, Dunkel A, Hofmann T. Sensomics analysis of key bitter compounds in the hard resin of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and their contribution to the bitter profile of Pilsner-type beer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3402-3418. [PMID: 25793563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent brewing trials indicated the occurrence of valuable bitter compounds in the hard resin fraction of hop. Aiming at the discovery of these compounds, hop's ε-resin was separated by means of a sensory guided fractionation approach and the key taste molecules were identified by means of UV/vis, LC-TOF-MS, and 1D/2D-NMR studies as well as synthetic experiments. Besides a series of literature known xanthohumol derivatives, multifidol glucosides, flavon-3-on glycosides, and p-coumaric acid esters, a total of 11 bitter tastants are reported for the first time, namely, 1",2"-dihydroxanthohumol F, 4'-hydroxytunicatachalcone, isoxantholupon, 1-methoxy-4-prenylphloroglucinol, dihydrocyclohumulohydrochinone, xanthohumols M, N, and P, and isoxanthohumols M, N, and P, respectively. Human sensory analysis revealed low bitter recognition threshold concentrations ranging from 5 (co-multifidol glucopyranoside) to 198 μmol/L (trans-p-coumaric acid ethyl ester) depending on their chemical structure. For the first time, LC-MS/MS quantitation of these taste compounds in Pilsner-type beer, followed by taste re-engineering experiments, revealed the additive contribution of iso-α-acids and the identified hard resin components to be truly necessary and sufficient for constructing the authentic bitter percept of beer. Finally, brewing trails using the ε-resin as the only hop source impressively demonstrated the possibility to produce beverages strongly enriched with prenylated hop flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dresel
- †Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular and Sensory Science, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, D-84354 Freising, Germany
| | - Andreas Dunkel
- †Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular and Sensory Science, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, D-84354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- †Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular and Sensory Science, Technische Universität München, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, D-84354 Freising, Germany
- ‡Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Amaral MFZJ, Baumgartner AA, Vessecchi R, Clososki GC. Directed Metalation of 1-Ester-Substituted Indolizines: Base/Electrophile-Controlled Regioselective Functionalization. Org Lett 2014; 17:238-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503288e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica F. Z. J. Amaral
- Núcleo
de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de
Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto - SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda A. Baumgartner
- Núcleo
de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de
Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto - SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Departamento
de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras
de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av.
Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto -
SP 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Giuliano C. Clososki
- Núcleo
de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Faculdade de
Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto - SP 14040-903, Brazil
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Tan XC, Liang Y, Bao FP, Wang HS, Pan YM. Silver-mediated C–H bond functionalization: one-pot to construct substituted indolizines from 2-alkylazaarenes with alkynes. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Amaral MF, Deliberto LA, de Souza CR, Naal RM, Naal Z, Clososki GC. Synthesis, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of 2,5-diaryl-indolizines. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Kim M, Jung Y, Kim I. Domino Knoevenagel Condensation/Intramolecular Aldol Cyclization Route to Diverse Indolizines with Densely Functionalized Pyridine Units. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10395-404. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Myungock Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Yonsei University, 162-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Yonsei University, 162-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikyon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Yonsei University, 162-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
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Babaev EV. Combinatorial chemistry in higher school: Ten-year experience of research, educational, and managerial projects. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363210120315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Kuznetsov AG, Bush AA, Babaev EV. Synthesis and reactivity of 5-Br(I)-indolizines and their parallel cross-coupling reactions. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bedjeguelal K, Bienaymé H, Poigny S, Schmitt P, Tam E. Expeditious Access to Diversely Substituted Indolizines Using a New Multi-component Condensation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200540202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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