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Chelopo GM, Marume U. The effect of Vachellia eriolaba leaf meal inclusion on growth performance, blood parameters and methane gas emission in lambs fed diets containing ammoniated maize stover. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:323. [PMID: 39361053 PMCID: PMC11449980 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of Vachellia erioloba leaf meal in diets containing ammoniated maize stove on growth performance, methane emission and heath of growing lambs. Thirty-two female lambs were allocated to the following four dietary treatments: total mixed ration (TMR, control), 20% inclusion of untreated maize stover (UMS), 20% inclusion of ammoniated maize stover (AMS), and combined inclusion of 10% ammoniated maize stover and 10% Vachellia erioloba leaves (AMSVL). Each treatment was replicated 8 times and a lamb in an individual pen was regarded as an experimental unit in a completely randomized design. Feed intake was higher (P < 0.05) in lambs fed the AMS and AMSVL diets compared to those fed UMS. Final body weights were higher in lambs fed the AMS and AMSVL diets. Both average daily gain (ADG) and feed convention ratio (FCR) were not affected by diet. In comparison with the AMS and AMSVL diets, the lambs fed the UMS diet had the highest (P < 0.05) methane emission. Overall, lambs fed the control diets had the lowest (P < 0.05) methane gas emission. Blood hematological values were affected by diet with the AMSVL fed lambs having the highest (P < 0.05) mean platelet volume (MPV) and procalcitonin (PCT) values. Furthermore, total albumin, amylase and total bilirubin were the highest (P < 0.05) in lambs fed on the AMSVL diet. Lambs fed on AMS diet had the highest (P < 0.05) serum urea levels. It can be concluded that combined inclusion of ammoniated maize stover and Vachellia leaves improved feed value and lamb performance when compared to the individual inclusion of both UMS and AMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Chelopo
- School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agriculture, North-West University, P. Bag X 2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - U Marume
- School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agriculture, North-West University, P. Bag X 2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
- Food Security and Safety Niche area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
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2
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Bošnjaković D, Nedić S, Arsić S, Prodanović R, Vujanac I, Jovanović L, Stojković M, Jovanović IB, Djuricic I, Kirovski D. Effects of Brown Seaweed ( Ascophyllum nodosum) Supplementation on Enteric Methane Emissions, Metabolic Status and Milk Composition in Peak-Lactating Holstein Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1520. [PMID: 38891568 PMCID: PMC11171174 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The dairy industry contributes significantly to anthropogenic methane emissions, which have an impact on global warming. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a dietary inclusion of brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on enteric methane emissions (EMEs), hematological and blood biochemical profiles, and milk composition in dairy cows. Eighteen Holstein cows were divided into three groups: CON (non-supplemented cows), BS50 (50 mL of 10% A. nodosum), and BS100 (100 mL of 10% A. nodosum). In each cow, measurements of EME, dry matter intake (DMI), and milk yield (MY), as well as blood and milk sampling with respective analyzes, were performed before supplementation (P1), after 15 (P2) days, and after 30 (P3) days of supplementation. A. nodosum reduced (p < 0.05) methane production, methane yield, and methane intensity in both BS50 and BS100, and raised DMI (p < 0.05) only in BS50. Total bilirubin (p < 0.05) was higher in BS50 compared to CON cows in P2, and triacylglycerols were lower (p < 0.05) in BS50 than in CON cows in P3. Higher milk fat content was found in BS50 than in CON cows in P3. C16:0 proportions were higher (p < 0.05) in BS50 and BS100 than in CON cows, while C18:3n-3 was higher (p < 0.05) in BS100 than in BS50 and CON cows in P3. Dietary treatment with A. nodosum reduced EMEs and showed the potential to increase DMI and to improve energy status as well as milk composition in peak-lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Bošnjaković
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.); (L.J.); (M.S.); (I.B.J.)
| | - Sreten Nedić
- Department of Ruminant and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.N.); (S.A.); (R.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Sveta Arsić
- Department of Ruminant and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.N.); (S.A.); (R.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Radiša Prodanović
- Department of Ruminant and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.N.); (S.A.); (R.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Ivan Vujanac
- Department of Ruminant and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.N.); (S.A.); (R.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Ljubomir Jovanović
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.); (L.J.); (M.S.); (I.B.J.)
| | - Milica Stojković
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.); (L.J.); (M.S.); (I.B.J.)
| | - Ivan B. Jovanović
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.); (L.J.); (M.S.); (I.B.J.)
| | - Ivana Djuricic
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Danijela Kirovski
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.); (L.J.); (M.S.); (I.B.J.)
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Ghassemi Nejad J, Ju MS, Jo JH, Oh KH, Lee YS, Lee SD, Kim EJ, Roh S, Lee HG. Advances in Methane Emission Estimation in Livestock: A Review of Data Collection Methods, Model Development and the Role of AI Technologies. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:435. [PMID: 38338080 PMCID: PMC10854801 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the significant role of methane emissions in the livestock industry, with a focus on cattle and their substantial impact on climate change. It highlights the importance of accurate measurement and management techniques for methane, a potent greenhouse gas accounting for 14-16% of global emissions. The study evaluates both conventional and AI-driven methods for detecting methane emissions from livestock, particularly emphasizing cattle contributions, and the need for region-specific formulas. Sections cover livestock methane emissions, the potential of AI technology, data collection issues, methane's significance in carbon credit schemes, and current research and innovation. The review emphasizes the critical role of accurate measurement and estimation methods for effective climate change mitigation and reducing methane emissions from livestock operations. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of methane emissions in the livestock industry by synthesizing existing research and literature, aiming to improve knowledge and methods for mitigating climate change. Livestock-generated methane, especially from cattle, is highlighted as a crucial factor in climate change, and the review underscores the importance of integrating precise measurement and estimation techniques for effective mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Ghassemi Nejad
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.G.N.); (M.-S.J.); (J.-H.J.); (K.-H.O.)
| | - Mun-Su Ju
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.G.N.); (M.-S.J.); (J.-H.J.); (K.-H.O.)
| | - Jang-Hoon Jo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.G.N.); (M.-S.J.); (J.-H.J.); (K.-H.O.)
| | - Kyung-Hwan Oh
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.G.N.); (M.-S.J.); (J.-H.J.); (K.-H.O.)
| | - Yoon-Seok Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea;
- Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Lee
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun-Joong Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sanggun Roh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan;
| | - Hong-Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.G.N.); (M.-S.J.); (J.-H.J.); (K.-H.O.)
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Methane Emission and Metabolic Status in Peak Lactating Dairy Cows and Their Assessment Via Methane Concentration Profile. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/acve-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Ruminant husbandry contributes to global methane (CH4) emissions and beside its negative impact on the environment, enteric CH4 emissions cause a loss of gross energy intake in cows. The study is aimed to estimate CH4 emission and metabolic status in dairy cows via the methane concentration profile as a tool for analyzing the CH4 production pattern. The study included eighteen cows whose enteric CH4 emission was measured during three consecutive days in three periods: 2 hours before (P1), 2–4 hours (P2) and 6–8 hours (P3) after the morning feeding. Based on CH4 enteric emissions, cows were divided into two groups (n=6, respectively): HM (average CH4 concentration: 5430.08 ± 365.92 ppm) and LM (average CH4 concentration: 1351.85 ± 205.20 ppm). Following CH4 measurement, on day 3, venous blood was sampled to determine the indicators of the metabolic status. HM cows had significantly higher average CH4 concentrations, maximum and average CH4 peak amplitude than LM cows in all measuring periods (P1-P3), while the number of CH4 peaks tended to be higher in HM than in LM cows in P2. There were no differences in the maximum and average CH4 peak width and average distance among two CH4 peaks between examined groups of cows. HM cows had significantly higher total protein concentrations and significantly lower total bilirubin and NEFA concentrations than LM cows. In conclusion, HM cows have a greater number of eructations and release more CH4 per eructation than LM cows, hence the differences in metabolic status are most likely related to the differences in their liver function.
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do Amaral Júnior JM, Martorano LG, Nahúm BDS, de Castro VCG, Sousa LF, Rodrigues TCGDC, da Silva JAR, da Costa Silva AL, Lourenço Júnior JDB, Berndt A, e Silva AGM. Feed intake, emission of enteric methane and estimates, feed efficiency, and ingestive behavior in buffaloes supplemented with palm kernel cake in the Amazon biome. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1053005. [PMID: 36619961 PMCID: PMC9811383 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1053005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of palm kernel cake as an alternative to conventional ingredients, due to the presence of residual fat, can also reduce methane emissions. The objective of the study was to evaluate, in two different experiments, the effects of palm kernel cake supplementation on feed intake, enteric methane production and estimates, and the ingestive behavior of buffaloes in the Amazon biome. In experiment 1, to evaluate feed intake, methane production, and feed efficiency, 20 crossbred females, dry and empty, with a mean age of 34 months and an initial body weight of 514 ± 69 kg, were supplemented with palm kernel cake for 60 days. The supply was calculated in relation to body weight (BW) in four treatments: 0% (control); 0.25, 0.50, and 1% of palm kernel cake, distributed in a completely randomized design. In experiment 2, to evaluate the ingestive behavior, 24 mixed-breed, dry, and non-pregnant buffaloes supplemented with palm kernel cake were evaluated in the less rainy season (LR) and the wettest season (WS) of the eastern Amazon, distributed in a completely randomized in the same treatments as experiment 1. The inclusion of palm kernel cake in the supplementation increased the feed intake of dry matter and components (MM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, and EE) (P < 0.01), reducing the production of enteric methane intake (P < 0.01), the ratio per kg of meat produced (P < 0.01) and feed efficiency (P < 0.01), and influenced the ingestive behavior (time grazing, rumination, and idleness) during the day. We suggest that further research be carried out to verify the results and improve the use of this co-product as a methanogenesis mitigator.
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Ryan CV, Pabiou T, Purfield DC, Conroy S, Kirwan SF, Crowley JJ, Murphy CP, Evans RD. Phenotypic relationship and repeatability of methane emissions and performance traits in beef cattle using a GreenFeed system. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6765323. [PMID: 36268991 PMCID: PMC9733524 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumen methanogenesis results in the loss of 6% to 10% of gross energy intake in cattle and globally is the single most significant source of anthropogenic methane (CH4) emissions. The purpose of this study was to analyze greenhouse gas traits recorded in a commercial feedlot unit to gain an understanding into the relationships between greenhouse gas traits and production traits. Methane and carbon dioxide (CO2) data recorded via multiple GreenFeed Emission Monitoring (GEM), systems as well as feed intake, live weight, ultrasound scanning data, and slaughter data were available on 1,099 animals destined for beef production, of which 648 were steers, 361 were heifers, and 90 were bulls. Phenotypic relationships between GEM emission measurements with feed intake, weight traits, muscle ultrasound data, and carcass traits were estimated. Utilization of GEM systems, daily patterns of methane output, and repeatability of GEM system measurements across averaging periods were also assessed. Methane concentrations varied with visit number, duration, and time of day of visit to the GEM system. Mean CH4 and CO2 varied between sex, with mean CH4 of 256.1 g/day ± 64.23 for steers, 234.7 g/day ± 59.46 for heifers, and 156.9 g/day ± 55.98 for young bulls. A 10-d average period of GEM system measurements were required for steers and heifers to achieve a minimum repeatability of 0.60; however, higher levels of repeatability were observed in animals that attended the GEM system more frequently. In contrast, CO2 emissions reached repeatability estimates >0.6 for steers and heifers in all averaging periods greater than 2-d, suggesting that cattle have a moderately consistent CO2 emission pattern across time periods. Animals with heavier bodyweights were observed to have higher levels of CH4 (correlation = 0.30) and CO2 production (correlation = 0.61), and when assessing direct methane, higher levels of dry matter intake were associated with higher methane output (correlation = 0.31). Results suggest that reducing CH4 can have a negative impact on growth and body composition of cattle. Methane ratio traits, such as methane yield and intensity were also evaluated, and while easy to understand and compare across populations, ratio traits are undesirable in animal breeding, due to the unpredictable level of response. Methane adjusted for dry matter intake and liveweight (Residual CH4) should be considered as an alternative emission trait when selecting for reduced emissions within breeding goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clodagh V Ryan
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Ballincollig, Co. Cork, Ireland,Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Thierry Pabiou
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Ballincollig, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Deirdre C Purfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Stephen Conroy
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Ballincollig, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Stuart F Kirwan
- Animal Bioscience Research Centre, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - John J Crowley
- AbacusBio Ltd., Dunedin 9016, New Zealand,Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Craig P Murphy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, Ireland
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Tedeschi LO, Abdalla AL, Álvarez C, Anuga SW, Arango J, Beauchemin KA, Becquet P, Berndt A, Burns R, De Camillis C, Chará J, Echazarreta JM, Hassouna M, Kenny D, Mathot M, Mauricio RM, McClelland SC, Niu M, Onyango AA, Parajuli R, Pereira LGR, del Prado A, Paz Tieri M, Uwizeye A, Kebreab E. Quantification of methane emitted by ruminants: a review of methods. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac197. [PMID: 35657151 PMCID: PMC9261501 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ruminant production systems varies between countries and between regions within individual countries. The appropriate quantification of GHG emissions, specifically methane (CH4), has raised questions about the correct reporting of GHG inventories and, perhaps more importantly, how best to mitigate CH4 emissions. This review documents existing methods and methodologies to measure and estimate CH4 emissions from ruminant animals and the manure produced therein over various scales and conditions. Measurements of CH4 have frequently been conducted in research settings using classical methodologies developed for bioenergetic purposes, such as gas exchange techniques (respiration chambers, headboxes). While very precise, these techniques are limited to research settings as they are expensive, labor-intensive, and applicable only to a few animals. Head-stalls, such as the GreenFeed system, have been used to measure expired CH4 for individual animals housed alone or in groups in confinement or grazing. This technique requires frequent animal visitation over the diurnal measurement period and an adequate number of collection days. The tracer gas technique can be used to measure CH4 from individual animals housed outdoors, as there is a need to ensure low background concentrations. Micrometeorological techniques (e.g., open-path lasers) can measure CH4 emissions over larger areas and many animals, but limitations exist, including the need to measure over more extended periods. Measurement of CH4 emissions from manure depends on the type of storage, animal housing, CH4 concentration inside and outside the boundaries of the area of interest, and ventilation rate, which is likely the variable that contributes the greatest to measurement uncertainty. For large-scale areas, aircraft, drones, and satellites have been used in association with the tracer flux method, inverse modeling, imagery, and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), but research is lagging in validating these methods. Bottom-up approaches to estimating CH4 emissions rely on empirical or mechanistic modeling to quantify the contribution of individual sources (enteric and manure). In contrast, top-down approaches estimate the amount of CH4 in the atmosphere using spatial and temporal models to account for transportation from an emitter to an observation point. While these two estimation approaches rarely agree, they help identify knowledge gaps and research requirements in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Orlindo Tedeschi
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
| | - Adibe Luiz Abdalla
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13416.000, Brazil
| | - Clementina Álvarez
- Department of Research, TINE SA, Christian Magnus Falsens vei 12, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Samuel Weniga Anuga
- European University Institute (EUI), Via dei Roccettini 9, San Domenico di Fiesole (FI), Italy
| | - Jacobo Arango
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Karen A Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | | | - Alexandre Berndt
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, CP 339, CEP 13.560-970. São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert Burns
- Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science Department, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Camillo De Camillis
- Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Julián Chará
- Centre for Research on Sustainable Agriculture, CIPAV, Cali 760042, Colombia
| | | | - Mélynda Hassouna
- INRAE, Institut Agro Rennes Angers, UMR SAS, F-35042, Rennes, France
| | - David Kenny
- Teagasc Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, C15PW93, Ireland
| | - Michael Mathot
- Agricultural Systems Unit, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, rue du Serpont 100, B-6800 Libramont, Belgium
| | - Rogerio M Mauricio
- Department of Bioengineering, Federal University of São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, MG 36307-352, Brazil
| | - Shelby C McClelland
- Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Mutian Niu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alice Anyango Onyango
- Mazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | | | | | - Agustin del Prado
- Basque Centre For Climate Change (BC3), Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maria Paz Tieri
- Dairy Value Chain Research Institute (IDICAL) (INTA–CONICET), Rafaela, Argentina
| | - Aimable Uwizeye
- Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Ermias Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Liu R, Hailemariam D, Yang T, Miglior F, Schenkel F, Wang Z, Stothard P, Zhang S, Plastow G. Predicting enteric methane emission in lactating Holsteins based on reference methane data collected by the GreenFeed system. Animal 2022; 16:100469. [PMID: 35190321 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Methane emission is not included in the current breeding goals for dairy cattle mainly due to the expense and difficulty in obtaining sufficient data to generate accurate estimates of the relevant traits. While several models have been developed to predict methane emission from milk spectra using reference methane data obtained by the respiration chamber, SF6 and sniffer methods, the prediction of methane emission from milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectra using reference methane data collected by the GreenFeed system has not yet been explored. Methane emission was monitored for 151 cows using the GreenFeed system. Prediction models were developed for daily and average (for the trial period of 12 or 14 days) methane production (g/d), yield (g/kg DM intake (DMI)) and intensity (g/kg of fat- and protein-corrected milk) using partial least squares regression. The predictions were evaluated in 100 repeated validation cycles, where animals were randomly partitioned into training (80%) and testing (20%) populations for each cycle. The best performing model was observed for average methane intensity using MIR, parity and DMI with validation coefficient of determination (R2val) and RMSE of prediction of 0.66 and 4.7 g/kg of fat- and protein-corrected milk, respectively. The accuracy of the best models for average methane production and average methane yield were poor (R2val = 0.28 and 0.12, respectively). A lower accuracy of prediction was observed for methane intensity and production (R2val = 0.42 and 0.17) when daily records were used while prediction for methane yield was comparable to that for average methane yield (R2val = 0.16). Our results suggest the potential to predict methane intensity with moderate accuracy. In this case, prediction models for average methane values were generally better than for daily measures when using the GreenFeed system to obtain reference methane emission measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Liu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada; Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Hauzhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - D Hailemariam
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | - T Yang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - F Miglior
- Center for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - F Schenkel
- Center for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - P Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - S Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Hauzhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - G Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R3, Canada
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Oikawa K, Kamiya Y, Terada F, Suzuki T. The influence of breath concentration in the gas sample on the accuracy of methane to carbon dioxide ratio using the sniffer method in dairy cows. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13745. [PMID: 35699696 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentration in the sampled gas to avoid low concentration of breath while measuring the methane (CH4 )/CO2 ratio using the sniffer method. This study also assessed the effect of selective elimination by applying the threshold of CO2 concentration to the CH4 /CO2 ratio. The gas measurement in the automatic milking system was conducted with 26 multiparous Holstein cows using an electric fan to manipulate the CO2 concentration in the sampled gas. Four different thresholds of the background-corrected CO2 concentrations (0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1%) were applied to every 1-s value of the individual gas measurement. Subsequently, three different upper limits of the proportion of eliminated values (none, 0.5, and 0.33) were applied to the individual records per milking. The results showed that the sampled gas must contain more than 0.1% of the corrected CO2 concentration to enable accurate calculation of the CH4 /CO2 ratio. It is recommended that at least half of the values in the data be larger than the threshold of the corrected CO2 concentration for unbiased measurement of the CH4 /CO2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Oikawa
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuko Kamiya
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Fuminori Terada
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Suzuki
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, Japan
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Response to Climate Change: Evaluation of Methane Emissions in Northern Australian Beef Cattle on a High Quality Diet Supplemented with Desmanthus Using Open-Circuit Respiration Chambers and GreenFeed Emission Monitoring Systems. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090943. [PMID: 34571820 PMCID: PMC8465627 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The beef industry in Northern Australia is characterized by an extensive grazing system in dry tropical rangelands defined by climate change indices of very low rainfall, a prolonged dry season and feeds of low nutritive value. In response, beef cattle need to be more efficient in converting the available drought-tolerant feeds to muscle, in an attempt to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. This study addressed the problem of reducing methane emissions from tropical beef cattle with the goal of decreasing the impact of climate change and greenhouse gas emissions in Northern Australia. The primary objective was to compare the effect of supplementing tropical beef cattle with both good quality lucerne and poor quality hay with increasing levels of different Desmanthus cultivars on in vivo methane emission. The results showed that in tropical beef cattle on high-quality diets, irrespective of cultivar and emission evaluation method, Desmanthus does not reduce methane emissions. Abstract The main objective of this study was to compare the effect of supplementing beef cattle with Desmanthus virgatus cv. JCU2, D. bicornutus cv. JCU4, D. leptophyllus cv. JCU7 and lucerne on in vivo methane (CH4) emissions measured by open-circuit respiration chambers (OC) or the GreenFeed emission monitoring (GEM) system. Experiment 1 employed OC and utilized sixteen yearling Brangus steers fed a basal diet of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay in four treatments—the three Desmanthus cultivars and lucerne (Medicago sativa) at 30% dry matter intake (DMI). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added to the diets to neutralize tannin binding and explore the effect on CH4 emissions. Experiment 2 employed GEM and utilized forty-eight animals allocated to four treatments including a basal diet of Rhodes grass hay plus the three Desmanthus cultivars in equal proportions at 0%, 15%, 30% and 45% DMI. Lucerne was added to equilibrate crude protein content in all treatments. Experiment 1 showed no difference in CH4 emissions between the Desmanthus cultivars, between Desmanthus and lucerne or between Desmanthus and the basal diet. Experiment 2 showed an increase in CH4 emissions in the three levels containing Desmanthus. It is concluded that on high-quality diets, Desmanthus does not reduce CH4 emissions.
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11
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Challenges and opportunities for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions through dairy cattle research in developing countries. J DAIRY RES 2021; 88:3-7. [PMID: 33745462 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029921000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The global dairy sector is facing the challenge of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions whilst increasing productivity to feed a growing population. Despite the importance of this challenge, many developing countries do not have the required resources, specifically funding, expertise and facilities, for quantifying GHG emissions from dairy production and research. This paper aims to address this challenge by discussing the magnitude of the issue, potential mitigation approaches and benefits in quantifying GHG emissions in a developing country context. Further, the paper explores the opportunities for developing country dairy scientists to leverage resources from developed countries, such as using existing relevant GHG emission estimation models. It is clear that further research is required to support developing countries to quantify and understand GHG emissions from dairy production, as it brings significant benefits including helping to identify and implement appropriate mitigation strategies for local production systems, trading carbon credits and achieving the nationally determined contribution obligations of the Paris Agreement.
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Moate PJ, Pryce JE, Marett LC, Garner JB, Deighton MH, Ribaux BE, Hannah MC, Wales WJ, Williams SRO. Measurement of Enteric Methane Emissions by the SF 6 Technique Is Not Affected by Ambient Weather Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020528. [PMID: 33670674 PMCID: PMC7922900 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although the SF6 technique was developed over 25 years ago with the intention that it could be used to measure enteric methane production from ruminants outdoors, no experiments have reported the influence of ambient wind speed, temperature, humidity or rainfall on the accuracy of the technique. Six different cohorts of dairy cows (40 per cohort) were kept outdoors and fed a common diet during spring in 3 consecutive years. Individual cow feed intakes and daily methane productions were measured over 5 consecutive days and an automatic weather station measured air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rainfall every 10 min. Regression analyses were used to relate the average daily temperature, wind speed, humidity and rainfall to the average daily dry matter intake, methane production and methane yield of each cohort of cows. It was concluded that the modified SF6 technique can be used outdoors during a range of weather conditions without a significant effect on the measurement of methane production or methane yield of dairy cows. Abstract Despite the fact that the sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique was developed over 25 years ago to measure methane production from grazing and non-housed animals, no studies have specifically investigated whether ambient wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall influence the accuracy of the method. The aim of this research was to investigate how these weather factors influence the measurement of enteric methane production by the SF6 technique. Six different cohorts of dairy cows (40 per cohort) were kept outdoors and fed a common diet during spring in 3 consecutive years. Methane production from individual cows was measured daily over the last 5 days of each 32-day period. An automated weather station measured air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rainfall every 10 min. Regression analyses were used to relate the average daily wind speed, average daily temperature, average daily relative humidity and total daily rainfall measurements to dry matter intake, average daily methane production and methane yield of each cohort of cows. It was concluded that the modified SF6 technique can be used outdoors during a range of wind speeds, ambient temperatures, relative humidities and rainfall conditions without causing a significant effect on the measurement of methane production or methane yield of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Moate
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Jennie E. Pryce
- Agriculture Victoria Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia;
| | - Leah C. Marett
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Josie B. Garner
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
| | | | - Brigid E. Ribaux
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
| | - Murray C. Hannah
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
| | - William J. Wales
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - S. Richard O. Williams
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia; (L.C.M.); (J.B.G.); (B.E.R.); (M.C.H.); (W.J.W.); (S.R.O.W.)
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