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Wang X, Wen Q, Wu H, Peng W, Cai K, Tan Z, Na W, Wu K. Effect of Sex on Intestinal Microbial Metabolites of Hainan Special Wild Boars. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2164. [PMID: 39123691 PMCID: PMC11310994 DOI: 10.3390/ani14152164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota and its metabolites are essential for the health and growth development of animals. Current research indicates that sex has a certain impact on the structure and function of the intestinal microbiota, but there are few reports on sex differences in intestinal microbiota metabolites, including those of castrated male animals. This study aimed to explore the impact of sex on the intestinal microbial metabolites of Hainan special wild boars (10 entire male pigs, 10 female pigs, and 10 castrated male pigs, denoted EM, FE, and CM, respectively) by employing non-targeted metabolomics and gas chromatography. A total of 1086 metabolites were detected, with the greatest number of differential metabolites observed between EM and FE (54 differential metabolites, including 18 upregulated and 36 downregulated metabolites), the fewest between CM and FE (7 differential metabolites, including 1 upregulated and 6 downregulated metabolites), and an intermediate number between CM and EM (47 differential metabolites, including 35 upregulated and 12 downregulated metabolites). Differential metabolites were involved in more pathways between EM and FE and between CM and EM, including amino acid metabolism and digestive system pathways, whereas differential metabolites were involved in the fewest pathways between CM and FE. Correlation analysis showed Ruminococcaceae UCG-009, uncultured_bacterium_o_SAR324_cladeMarine_group_B, and Candidatus Saccharimonas contributed to the production of metabolites such as trehalose, docosatrienoic acid, D(-)-beta-hydroxy butyric acid, and acetyl-DL-leucine. The levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid were significantly higher in EM than in FE, with CM falling between the two. Streptococcus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group showed a significant positive correlation with the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, uncultured_bacterium_f_p-251-o5 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 showed a significant negative correlation with the generation of SCFAs. This study provides foundational data and significant insights into precision feeding strategies for Hainan special wild boars of different sexes, as well as the study of sex differences in intestinal microbial metabolites in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya 572024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiong Wen
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
- Wuhan Xiangda Feedstuff Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430045, China
| | - Hongfen Wu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
| | - Wenchuan Peng
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Keqi Cai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
| | - Wei Na
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
| | - Kebang Wu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China; (X.W.); (K.W.)
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Tan Z, Li J, He Y, Wang F, Xiao Q. Characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolomic of Hainan Tunchang pigs at various growth stages. Gene 2024; 900:148161. [PMID: 38219876 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Numerous gut microorganisms residing in the gut tract and their metabolites play an important role in animal growth. Diet, as the main factor, affects the changes of gut microbiota, and host genetics also have a significant impact on gut microbiota, including growth stages. However, the differences of gut microbiota and its metabolites at various growth stages in local pig breed remains unclear. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics to investigate the fecal microbiota and metabolites in different developmental stages of Hainan Tunchang pigs. The relative proportions of dominant bacteria Firmicutes and Spirochaetes increased, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria decreased with the development. As age increased, different physiological states led to structural and functional changes in animal nutrition metabolism and immune needs, as well as changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites. We have detected several statistically different microbial and metabolic biomarkers at different growth stages. Meanwhile, through correlation analysis between differential bacteria and metabolites, it was found that the bacteria forming networks with their significant related metabolites were different at various growth stages, Holdemanella, Sharpea, Subdoligranulum, and uncultured_bacterium_o_Bacteroidales were enriched between preweaning piglets and weaning piglets, and they all positive correlated with related metabolites. We also found that the differential bacteria were significantly related to short-chain fatty acid. These findings might provide new insights into the developmental changes of gut microbiota in local pig breeds and the interaction mechanism between the body, and improve pig growth performance and efficiency by regulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tan
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 571737 Danzhou, PR China.
| | - Jie Li
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 571737 Danzhou, PR China
| | - Yingzhi He
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 571737 Danzhou, PR China
| | - Feifan Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 571737 Danzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Xiao
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 571737 Danzhou, PR China.
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Gao H, Chi X, Song P, Gu H, Xu B, Cai Z, Jiang F, Li B, Zhang T. Maintaining the native gut microbiota of bharal ( Pseudois nayaur) is crucial in ex situ conservation. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1357415. [PMID: 38533336 PMCID: PMC10963425 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1357415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As wildlife protection continue to strengthen, research on the gut microbiota of wildlife is increasing. Carrying out conservation and research on endangered species in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau plays an important role in global biodiversity conservation. This study utilized 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples to investigate the composition, function, and changes of the gut microbiota of bharal in different environments, seasons, and genders. The results showed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla and UCG-005, Bacteroides, UCG-010 were the dominant genera of bharal. In the wild, the abundance of Firmicutes increased which was conducive to the decomposition and utilization of cellulose, hemicellulose, and carbohydrate. Due to the variety of food types and nutrition in different seasons, the composition and function of gut microbiota were obviously different between genders. Compared with zoo, higher alpha diversity, a more complex gut microbiota network structure, and stronger metabolic function were conducive bharal to adapting to the wild environment. In the zoo, captive bharals were fed foods rich in high fat and protein, which increased the abundance of Bacteroidota and reduced the alpha diversity of gut microbiota. A fixed diet unified the gut microbiota between genders of bharal. It is very important to pay attention to the impact of captive environments and maintain the native gut microbiota of wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiangwen Chi
- Students’ Affairs Division, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Pengfei Song
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Gu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyuan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongzuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, Qinghai, China
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Vedel G, Triadó-Margarit X, Linares O, Moreno-Rojas JM, la Peña ED, García-Bocanegra I, Jiménez-Martín D, Carranza J, Casamayor EO. Exploring the potential links between gut microbiota composition and natural populations management in wild boar (Sus scrofa). Microbiol Res 2023; 274:127444. [PMID: 37421802 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
We surveyed wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations using 16S rRNA gene analysis of the gut microbiota in fresh faeces taken from 88 animals hunted in 16 hunting estates. The wild boar is a very convenient model system to explore how environmental factors including game management, food availability, disease prevalence, and behaviour may affect different biological components of wild individuals with potential implications in management and conservation. We tested the hypotheses that diet (according to stable carbon isotopes analyses), gender (i.e., animal behaviour studying males and females), and both health (analyses of serum samples to detect exposure to several diseases) and form statutes (i.e., thoracic circumference in adults) are reflected in changes in the intestinal microbiota. We focused on a gut functional biomarker index combining Oscillospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae vs. Enterobacteriaceae. We found that gender and the estate (population) were explanatory variables (c.a. 28% of the variance), albeit a high degree of overlapping among individuals was observed. The individuals with higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae showed a gut microbiota with low diversity, mostly in males. Significant statistical differences for thoracic circumference were not found between males and females. Interestingly, the thoracic circumference was significantly and inversely related to the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in males. Overall, we found that diet, gender, and form status were major factors that could be related to the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. A high variability was observed in the biomarker index for populations with natural diet (rich in C3 plants). Although, we noticed a marginally significant negative trend between the index (higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae) and the continuous feeding of C4 plants (i.e., supplementary maize) in the diet of males. This result suggests that continuous artificial feeding in hunting estates could be one of the factors negatively influencing the gut microbiota and the form status of wild boars that deserves further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vedel
- Wildlife Research Unit, University of Cordoba (UIRCP-UCO), 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Xavier Triadó-Margarit
- Ecology of the Global Microbiome, Centre of Advanced Studies of Blanes-Spanish Council for Research (CEAB-CSIC), Accés Cala St Francesc, 14, E-17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Olmo Linares
- Wildlife Research Unit, University of Cordoba (UIRCP-UCO), 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eva de la Peña
- Wildlife Research Unit, University of Cordoba (UIRCP-UCO), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; IREC National Wildlife Research Institute (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Bocanegra
- Department of Animal Health, Animal Health and Zoonosis Research Group (GISAZ), UIC Zoonoses and Emreging Diseases ENZOEM, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Débora Jiménez-Martín
- Department of Animal Health, Animal Health and Zoonosis Research Group (GISAZ), UIC Zoonoses and Emreging Diseases ENZOEM, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Carranza
- Wildlife Research Unit, University of Cordoba (UIRCP-UCO), 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emilio O Casamayor
- Ecology of the Global Microbiome, Centre of Advanced Studies of Blanes-Spanish Council for Research (CEAB-CSIC), Accés Cala St Francesc, 14, E-17300 Blanes, Spain.
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Elbir H, Alhumam NA. Sex Differences in Fecal Microbiome Composition and Function of Dromedary Camels in Saudi Arabia. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3430. [PMID: 36496952 PMCID: PMC9736497 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbiome plays a significant role in diet digestion and the energy production of its host. Several factors that affect the gastrointestinal microbiota composition were studied in camels. Yet, the impact of sex on the gastrointestinal bacteriome of camels remains unexplored to date. In this perspective, the fecal microbiome community composition from dromedary camels was determined in 10 male and 10 female samples using the 16S rRNA amplicon, in order to estimate if this was influenced by sex. The core microbiome in females contained 284 bacterial OTUs and one archaeal OUT, whereas in males, it contained 279 bacterial OTUs and one archaeal OTU. In females, Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes were significantly more abundant than in male camels, whereas Lentisphaerae and Euryarchaeota were significantly abundant in males. According to Principal Coordinate Analysis and UPGMA clustering, grouping with respect to sex was observed. The functional prediction results showed differences such as energy production and conversion, and that the cell wall/membrane/envelope were enriched in female camels. The fecal microbiome of male camels was rich in amino acid, lipid transport and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Elbir
- Camel Research Center, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser Abdullah Alhumam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Qin W, Li S, Wu N, Wen Z, Xie J, Ma H, Zhang S. Main Factors Influencing the Gut Microbiota of Datong Yaks in Mixed Group. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141777. [PMID: 35883324 PMCID: PMC9312300 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study examined the differences and similarities in gut microbial diversity and ecological assembly processes of Datong yaks, including domestic males and females and wild males, which were fed together on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in a mixed group. The results revealed that mixed grouping could influence the gut microbiota of these three groups of yaks and improve the gut microbial diversity of domestic females. The findings of this study can help to understand the effects of mixed grouping on the gut microbiota of livestock on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and improve the production of Datong yaks. Abstract The Datong yak (Bos grunniens) is the first artificial breed of yaks in the world and has played an important role in the improvement of domestic yak quality on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Datong yak breeding farm in the Qinghai province of China is the main place for the breeding and feeding of Datong yaks. It hosts domestic Datong yaks and wild male yaks, mainly in mixed groups. Different managements have different effects on livestock. The gut microbiota is closely related to the health and immunity of Datong yaks, and mixed grouping can affect the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota of Datong yaks. To reveal the effects of mixed grouping on the gut microbiota of Datong yaks and wild yaks and identify the main dominant factors, we compared the gut microbial diversities of domestic males and females and wild males based on 16S rRNA V3–V4 regions using fresh fecal samples. The data showed significant differences in the gut microbial diversity of these three groups, and the α-diversity was the highest in wild males. Different factors influence the gut microbiota, and the main influencing factors were different in different groups, including sex differences, host genetics, and physical interactions. We also compared ecological assembly processes in the three groups. The results showed that mixed grouping contributed to the improvement of gut microbial diversity in domestic females. Our study provides effective and feasible suggestions for the feeding and management of the Datong yaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Shuang Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China;
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (N.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhouxuan Wen
- College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (N.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jiuxiang Xie
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Hongyi Ma
- Forestry and Grassland Comprehensive Service Center of Yushu Prefecture, Yushu 815000, China;
| | - Shoudong Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Global Flyway Ecology, Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Diviccaro S, FitzGerald JA, Cioffi L, Falvo E, Crispie F, Cotter PD, O’Mahony SM, Giatti S, Caruso D, Melcangi RC. Gut Steroids and Microbiota: Effect of Gonadectomy and Sex. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060767. [PMID: 35740892 PMCID: PMC9220917 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex steroids, derived mainly from gonads, can shape microbiota composition; however, the impact of gonadectomy and sex on steroid production in the gut (i.e., gut steroids), and its interaction with microbiota composition, needs to be clarified. In this study, steroid environment and gut steroidogenesis were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and expression analyses. Gut microbiota composition as branched- and short-chain fatty acids were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and gas chromatography flame ionisation detection, respectively. Here, we first demonstrated that levels of pregnenolone (PREG), progesterone (PROG), and isoallopregnanolone (ISOALLO) were higher in the female rat colon, whereas the level of testosterone (T) was higher in males. Sexual dimorphism on gut steroidogenesis is also reported after gonadectomy. Sex, and more significantly, gonadectomy, affects microbiota composition. We noted that a number of taxa and inferred metabolic pathways were associated with gut steroids, such as positive associations between Blautia with T, dihydroprogesterone (DHP), and allopregnanolone (ALLO), whereas negative associations were noted between Roseburia and T, ALLO, PREG, ISOALLO, DHP, and PROG. In conclusion, this study highlights the novel sex-specific association between microbiota and gut steroids with possible relevance for the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Diviccaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Jamie A. FitzGerald
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.A.F.); (F.C.); (P.D.C.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Lucia Cioffi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Eva Falvo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Fiona Crispie
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.A.F.); (F.C.); (P.D.C.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.A.F.); (F.C.); (P.D.C.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Siobhain M. O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Guo X, Sha Y, Lv W, Pu X, Liu X, Luo Y, Hu J, Wang J, Li S, Zhao Z. Sex differences in rumen fermentation and microbiota of Tibetan goat. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:55. [PMID: 35392919 PMCID: PMC8991483 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota play an important role in maintaining host metabolism, the immune system and health, while sex, genotype, diet and health have specific effects on the composition of the gut microbiota. Therefore, to explore the sex differences in the structure and function of rumen microbiota in Tibetan goats, herein we analyzed sex differences in rumen fermentation parameters, rumen microbiota and the expression of genes related to VFA transport in Tibetan goats. RESULTS The results showed that the contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in the rumen of TGM (Tibetan goat male) were significantly higher than those in TGFm (Tibetan goat female) (P < 0.05), and total VFAs was significantly higher in TGM than TGFm (P < 0.05). Expression of the VFA transport-related genes DRA, AE2, MCT-1, NHE1, and NHE2 in the rumen epithelium of TGFm was significantly higher than that in TGM. Analysis of the composition and structure of the rumen microbiota revealed significant sex differences. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in Tibetan goats. In addition, Fibrobacteres and Spirochaetes had significantly greater relative abundances in TGFm than in TGM (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Fibrobacter, Ruminococcus_1 and Pyramidobacter was significantly higher in TGFm than in TGM (P < 0.05). The functional prediction results showed that replication, recombination and repair, RNA processing and modification were mainly enriched in TGFm (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Correlation analysis revealed significant associations of some rumen microbiota with the fermentation product VFAs and VFA transport-related genes. We concluded that yearling TGM and TGFm have distinct fermentation and metabolism abilities when adapting to the plateau environment, which provides a certain sex reference basis for Tibetan goat adaptation to the plateau environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuzhu Sha
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Weibing Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaoning Pu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Yuzhu Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiqing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhidong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Cao H, Yang X, Peng C, Wang Y, Guo Q, Su H. Gut microbiota reveals the environmental adaption in gastro-intestinal tract of wild boar in karst region of Southwest China. ANN MICROBIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-022-01669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Gut microbes has become one of the research hotspots in animal ecology, playing an important role in monitoring dietary adaptation and health status of host. However, there are few studies on the gut microbiota in the stomach, smallintestine (ileum), and large intestine (cecum, colon, and rectum) of wild boar.
Results
Alpha diversity and Beta diversity showed there were significant differences in the abundance and distribution of microbes in gastrointestinal tract of wild boar. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla in stomach, cecum, colon and rectum of wild boar, while Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant in ileum. At genus level, there were different leading genera in stomach (Prevotella and Lactobacillus), small intestine (Escherichia-Shigella and Lactobacillus), and large intestine (Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and Escherichia-Shigella). PICRUSt function predictive analysis suggested that there were significant differences in microbial metabolic pathways among five locations of wild boar.
Conclusions
This study comprehensively revealed the differences in composition of microbial community in gastrointestinal trac of wild boar. Future work links microbes with the metabolites to accurately reveal the health of wild boar.
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Sarri L, Costa-Roura S, Balcells J, Seradj AR, de la Fuente G. The Impact of Genetics on Gut Microbiota of Growing and Fattening Pigs under Moderate N Restriction. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102846. [PMID: 34679867 PMCID: PMC8532768 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of intestinal microbiota is of great interest due to its relevant impact on growth, feed efficiency and pig carcass quality. Microbial composition shifts along the gut, but it also depends on the host (i.e., age, genetic background), diet composition and environmental conditions. To simultaneously study the effects of producing type (PT), production phase (PP) and dietary crude protein (CP) content on microbial populations, 20 Duroc pigs and 16 crossbred pigs (F2), belonging to growing and fattening phases, were used. Half of the pigs of each PT were fed a moderate CP restriction (2%). After sacrifice, contents of ileum, cecum and distal colon were collected for sequencing procedure. Fattening pigs presented higher microbial richness than growing pigs because of higher maturity and stability of the community. The F2 pigs showed higher bacterial alpha diversity and microbial network complexity (cecum and colon), especially in the fattening phase, while Duroc pigs tended to have higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in cecum segment. Lactobacillus was the predominant genus, and along with Streptococcus and Clostridium, their relative abundance decreased throughout the intestine. Although low CP diet did not alter the microbial diversity, it increased interaction network complexity. These results have revealed that the moderate CP restriction had lower impact on intestinal microbiota than PP and PT of pigs.
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