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Janák V, Novák K, Kyselý R. Late History of Cattle Breeds in Central Europe in Light of Genetic and Archaeogenetic Sources-Overview, Thoughts, and Perspectives. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:645. [PMID: 38396613 PMCID: PMC10886113 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Europe was not a primary centre of cattle domestication, its expansion from the Middle East and subsequent development created a complex pattern of cattle breed diversity. Many isolated populations of local historical breeds still carry the message about the physical and genetic traits of ancient populations. Since the way of life of human communities starting from the eleventh millennium BP was strongly determined by livestock husbandry, the knowledge of cattle diversity through the ages is helpful in the interpretation of many archaeological findings. Historical cattle diversity is currently at the intersection of two leading directions of genetic research. Firstly, it is archaeogenetics attempting to recover and interpret the preserved genetic information directly from archaeological finds. The advanced archaeogenetic approaches meet with the population genomics of extant cattle populations. The immense amount of genetic information collected from living cattle, due to its key economic role, allows for reconstructing the genetic profiles of the ancient populations backwards. The present paper aims to place selected archaeogenetic, genetic, and genomic findings in the picture of cattle history in Central Europe, as suggested by archaeozoological and historical records. Perspectives of the methodical connection between the genetic approaches and the approaches of traditional archaeozoology, such as osteomorphology and osteometry, are discussed. The importance, actuality, and effectiveness of combining different approaches to each archaeological find, such as morphological characterization, interpretation of the historical context, and molecular data, are stressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Janák
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Letenská 4, 118 00 Praha, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha, Czech Republic;
- Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Nám. Jana Palacha 2, 116 38 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Novák
- Department of Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Praha, Czech Republic;
| | - René Kyselý
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Letenská 4, 118 00 Praha, Czech Republic
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Tarasova EI, Frolov AN, Lebedev SV, Romanov MN. Landmark native breed of the Orenburg goats: progress in its breeding and genetics and future prospects. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:5139-5154. [PMID: 36495096 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2154221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews information about a unique and iconic breed of the Orenburg Oblast, the homeland and the only place where the best herds of Orenburg down-hair goats in Russia are concentrated. Three types of these small ruminant animals are widespread on the territory of the region: Orenburg purebred gray goats, Orenburg purebred white goats, as well as crossbred white goats of F1 White Don × White Orenburg. Currently, at the farms of the Orenburg region, animals are selected according to their phenotype, with selected traits being color, weight and length of down hair. In recent years, the Orenburg goat breed has become an object of genetic research using various marker systems including immunogenetic, microsatellite, mtDNA and SNP markers. Overall, these studies evidence about the uniqueness of the allele pool in the landmark native breed of the Orenburg goats, which is a complex dynamic genetic system, prioritizing its further in-depth genome research and breeding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I Tarasova
- Federal Research Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexey N Frolov
- Federal Research Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Svyatoslav V Lebedev
- Federal Research Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, Orenburg, Russia
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Zheng H, Xiong SY, Xiao SJ, Zhang ZK, Tu JM, Cui DS, Yu NB, Huang ZY, Li LY, Guo YM. Association between MC1R gene and coat color segregation in Shanxia long black pig and Lulai black pig. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:74. [PMID: 38036989 PMCID: PMC10691012 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coat color, as a distinct phenotypic characteristic of pigs, is often subject to preference and selection, such as in the breeding process of new breed. Shanxia long black pig was derived from an intercross between Berkshire boars and Licha black pig sows, and it was bred as a paternal strain with high-quality meat and black coat color. Although the coat color was black in the F1 generation of the intercross, it segregated in the subsequent generations. This study aims to decode the genetic basis of coat color segregation and develop a method to distinct black pigs from the spotted in Shanxia long black pig. RESULTS Only a QTL was mapped at the proximal end of chromosome 6, and MC1R gene was picked out as functional candidate gene. A total of 11 polymorphic loci were identified in MC1R gene, and only the c.67_68insCC variant was co-segregating with coat color. This locus isn't recognized by any restriction endonuclease, so it can't be genotyped by PCR-RFLP. The c.370G > A polymorphic locus was also significantly associated with coat color, and has been in tightly linkage disequilibrium with the c.67_68insCC. Furthermore, it is recognized by BspHI. Therefore, a PCR-RFLP method was set up to genotype this locus. Besides the 175 sequenced individuals, another more 1,391 pigs were genotyped with PCR-RFLP, and all of pigs with GG (one band) were black. CONCLUSION MC1R gene (c.67_68insCC) is the causative gene (mutation) for the coat color segregation, and the PCR-RFLP of c.370G > A could be used in the breeding program of Shanxia long black pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Shanxia Huaxi Pig Breeding Company Limited, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - San-Ya Xiong
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Shi-Jun Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Ze-Kai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Jin-Min Tu
- Jiangxi Shanxia Huaxi Pig Breeding Company Limited, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Deng-Shuai Cui
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Nai-Biao Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Huang
- Jiangxi Shanxia Huaxi Pig Breeding Company Limited, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Long-Yun Li
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China.
- The College of Life Science, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China.
| | - Yuan-Mei Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China.
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Hauser M, Signer-Hasler H, Küttel L, Capitan A, Guldbrandtsen B, Hinrichs D, Flury C, Seefried FR, Drögemüller C. Identification of two new recessive MC1R alleles in red-coloured Evolèner cattle and other breeds. Anim Genet 2022; 53:427-435. [PMID: 35451516 PMCID: PMC9373916 DOI: 10.1111/age.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sequence variations in the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene are associated with melanism in different animal species. Six functionally relevant alleles have been described in cattle to date. In a hypothesis-free approach we performed a genome-wide allelic association study with black, red and wild-coloured cattle of three Alpine cattle breeds (Eringer, Evolèner and Valdostana), revealing a single significant association signal close to the MC1R gene. We searched for candidate causative variants by sequencing the entire coding sequence and identified two novel protein-changing variants. We propose designating the mutant alleles at MC1R:c.424C>T as ev1 and at MC1R:c.263G>A as ev2 . Both affect conserved amino acid residues in functionally important transmembrane domains (p.Arg142Cys and p.Ser88Asn). Both alleles segregate predominantly in the Swiss Evolèner breed. They occur in other European cattle breeds such as Abondance and Rotes Höhenvieh as well. We observed almost perfect association between the MC1R genotypes and the coat colour phenotype in a cohort of 513 black, red and wild-coloured cattle. Animals carrying two copies of MC1R loss-of-function alleles or that were compound heterozygous for e, ev1 , or ev2 have a red to dark red (chestnut-like red) coat colour. These findings expand the spectrum of causal MC1R variants causing recessive red in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hauser
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heidi Signer-Hasler
- School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (HAFL), Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - Luzia Küttel
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Capitan
- ALLICE, Paris, France.,INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bernt Guldbrandtsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dirk Hinrichs
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Christine Flury
- School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (HAFL), Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | | | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Lan J, Wang M, Qin K, Liu X, Shi X, Sun G, Liu X, Chen Y, He Z. Functional characterization of cAMP signaling of variant porcine MC1R alleles in PK15 cells. Anim Genet 2022; 53:317-326. [PMID: 35292981 DOI: 10.1111/age.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), encoded by the classical extension (E) coat color locus, is expressed on the surface of melanocytes and plays a critical role in switching melanin synthesis from pheomelanin (red/yellow) to eumelanin (black/brown). Different MC1R alleles associated with various coat color patterns in pigs have been identified over the past decades. However, functional analysis of variant porcine MC1R alleles has not yet been performed. Therefore, in this study, we examined the subcellular localization and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling capability of MC1R variants in porcine kidney epithelial cells (PK15) overexpressing different MC1R alleles. Transcriptional slippage may partially restore the reading frame of the EP allele, possibly accounting for the observed spot phenotype. The A243T substitution in the e allele severely disrupted the membrane localization of the MC1R receptor, resulting in a severely impaired cAMP signaling capability. Both the V95M and L102P substitutions in the ED1 allele may contribute to the constitutively active function of MC1R, thus accounting for the dominant black phenotype. The D124N substitution in the ED2 allele severely attenuated the cAMP signaling capability of MC1R; however, whether this mutation contributes to the distinct phenotype of Hampshire pigs requires further investigation. Thus, our results provide new insights into the functional characteristics of MC1R variants and their roles in porcine coat color formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ke Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guanjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zuyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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González-Cano R, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Muñoz-Mejias ME, Valera P, Rodero E. Removal to undesirable MC1R gene alleles from ‘Berrenda en Negro’, an endangered Spanish cattle breed, to enhance breed conservation programs. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Santana CJS, Alves JS, Pinto LFB, Costa RB, de Camargo GMF. A deletion in the MC1R gene alters coat color in Guzerat cattle. Anim Genet 2021; 52:896-897. [PMID: 34555208 DOI: 10.1111/age.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolaine Jesus Silva Santana
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Avenida Adhemar Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Jackeline Santos Alves
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Avenida Adhemar Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Batista Pinto
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Avenida Adhemar Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Raphael Bermal Costa
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Avenida Adhemar Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
| | - Gregório Miguel Ferreira de Camargo
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Avenida Adhemar Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil
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Comparative impacts of grazing and mowing on the floristics of grasslands in the buffer zone of Polesie National Park, eastern Poland. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Molecular characterization of coat color gene in Sahiwal versus Karan Fries bovine. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:22. [PMID: 33512595 PMCID: PMC7846656 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Melanocortin-1-receptor gene (MC1R) plays a significant role in signaling cascade of melanin production. In cattle, the coat colors, such as red and black, are an outcome of eumelanin and pheomelanin pigments, respectively. The coat colors have become critical factors in the animal selection process. This study is therefore aimed at the molecular characterization of reddish-brown coat-colored Sahiwal cattle in comparison to the black and white-colored Karan Fries. Results The Sequence length of the MC1R gene was 954 base pairs in Sahiwal cattle. The sequences were examined and submitted to GenBank Acc.No. MG373575 to MG373605. Alignment of both (Sahiwal and Karan Fries) protein sequences by applying ClustalO multiple sequence alignment programs revealed 99.8–96.8% sequence similarity within the bovine. MC1R gene phylogenetic studies were analyzed by MEGA X. The gene MC1R tree, protein confines, and hereditary difference of cattle were derived from Ensemble Asia Cow Genome Browser 97. One unique single-nucleotide polymorphism (c.844C>A) (SNP) was distinguished. Single amino acid changes were detected in the seventh transmembrane structural helix region, with SNP at p.281 T>N of MC1R gene in Karan Fries cattle. Conclusions In this current research, we first distinguished the genomic sequence of the MC1R gene regions that showed evidence of coat variation between Indian indigenous Sahiwal cattle breed correlated with crossbreed Karan Fries. These variations were found in the Melanocortin 1 receptor coding regions of the diverse SNPs. The conclusions of this research provide new insights into understanding the coat color variation in crossbreed compared to the Indian Sahiwal cattle. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-021-00117-2.
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