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de Oliveira Dias J, Zanchi FB, Zacardi DM, Oliveira LS, de Vargas Schons S, Sousa RGC. Population structure and reproductive indicators of the surubim Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) in the São Miguel River, Amazon basin, Brazil. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:1764-1774. [PMID: 38450744 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Fish is an important source of food and income for a significant portion of the Amazonian population, especially those who live along the rivers and lakes in the region. Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855), known as surubim, is a species of Neotropical catfish widely exploited by fisheries and commercially valuable in the Guaporé River basin, Brazil. However, population dynamics are poorly known in the region. To understand the population structure and reproductive biology aspects of the surubim, monthly experimental fisheries were carried out in the São Miguel River, state of Rondônia, Brazil, between August 2020 and July 2021. The captured fish were weighed, and its gonads were removed and weighed for histological analyses (microscopic description) and classification of the maturation stages (macroscopic description). The collected gonads were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, dehydrated, cut into 4-μm-thick sections, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A total of 34 individuals were collected (20 females and 14 males), showing positive allometric growth and condition factor from 0.81 to 1.79 for females and males, respectively. Females were larger in size and weight than males. P. punctifer reaches its first maturation at an average length of 68.30 cm, indicating the importance of respecting the minimum capture size as an alternative to ensure the natural stocks of this fishery resource in the region. The results provide support for the establishment of public policies and actions for conservation, management, and regulation of fishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy de Oliveira Dias
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Presidente Médici, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Berton Zanchi
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ecossistemas Tropicais do Centro de Formação em Ciências Ambientais, CFCAm da Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB), Porto Seguro, Brazil
| | - Diego Maia Zacardi
- Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Laboratório de Ecologia do Ictioplâncton e Pesca em Águas Interiores, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Santarém, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Laboratório de Ecologia do Ictioplâncton e Pesca em Águas Interiores, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Santarém, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Sandro de Vargas Schons
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Rolim de Moura, Brazil
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Yin B, Liu H, Tan B, Dong X, Chi S, Yang Q, Zhang S. Dietary supplementation of β-conglycinin, with or without sodium butyrate on the growth, immune response and intestinal health of hybrid grouper. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17298. [PMID: 34453080 PMCID: PMC8397726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96693-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of low and high doses of β-conglycinin and the ameliorative effects of sodium butyrate (based on high-dose β-conglycinin) on the growth performance, serum immunity, distal intestinal histopathology, and gene, protein expression related to intestinal health in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). The results revealed that the instantaneous growth rate (IGR) of grouper significantly increased, decreased, and increased in the low-dose β-conglycinin (bL), high-level β-conglycinin (bH) and high-level β-conglycinin plus sodium butyrate (bH-NaB), respectively. The feed coefficient ratio (FCR) was significantly increased in the bH and bH-NaB, serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α were upregulated in the bH. The intestinal diameter/fold height ratio was significantly increased in the bH. Furthermore, there were increases in nitric oxide (NO), total nitric oxide synthase (total NOS), and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-) in the bH, and decreases in total NOS and ONOO- in the bH-NaB. In the distal intestine, IL-1β and TGF-β1 mRNA levels were downregulated and upregulated, respective in the bL. The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were upregulated in the bH, and downregulated in the bH-NaB, respectively. Occludin, claudin3 and ZO-3 mRNA levels were upregulated in the bL, downregulated in the bH and then upregulated in the bH-NaB. No significant differences were observed in the mRNA levels of IFN-γ and jam4. And the p-PI3K p85Tyr458/total PI3K p85 value was significantly increased in the bH and then decreased in the bH-NaB, and the total Akt value was significantly increased in the bH. These indicate β-conglycinin has a regulatory effect on serum immunity and affect distal intestinal development by modulating distal intestinal injury-related parameters. Within the distal intestinal tract, low- and high-dose β-conglycinin differentially affect immune responses and tight junctions in the distal intestine, which eventually manifests as a reduction in growth performance. Supplementing feed with sodium butyrate might represent an effective approach for enhancing serum immunity, and protects the intestines from damage caused by high-dose β-conglycinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yin
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China.
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
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