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Rodrigues LS, da Silva JAR, da Silva WC, da Silva ÉBR, Belo TS, Sousa CEL, Rodrigues TCGDC, Silva AGME, Prates JAM, Lourenço-Júnior JDB. A Review of the Nutritional Aspects and Composition of the Meat, Liver and Fat of Buffaloes in the Amazon. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1618. [PMID: 38891665 PMCID: PMC11171311 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Thus, this review aims to deepen the understanding of buffalo farming in the Amazon, presenting the quality and nutritional value of buffalo meat and liver. This information serves as a subsidy to improve practices related to the breeding system, nutrition, health and sustainability associated with aquatic buffaloes. For this, a review of the databases was carried out using the descriptors "nutritional value of buffalo meat", "nutritional value of buffalo liver" and "buffalo breeding in the Amazon". Thus, the consumption of foods derived from aquatic buffaloes has important nutritional value for human consumption. In view of this, it is possible to conclude that the nutrition of these animals is influenced by the biodiversity of the Amazon, giving unique characteristics to its products, also highlighting the importance of carrying out research that aims to value the potential use of this species and strengthen the economy of the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurena Silva Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | | | - Welligton Conceição da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Éder Bruno Rebelo da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Tatiane Silva Belo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center of the Amazon (UNAMA), Santarem 68010-200, Brazil; (T.S.B.); (C.E.L.S.)
| | - Carlos Eduardo Lima Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center of the Amazon (UNAMA), Santarem 68010-200, Brazil; (T.S.B.); (C.E.L.S.)
| | - Thomaz Cyro Guimarães de Carvalho Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - André Guimarães Maciel e Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - José António Mestre Prates
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4Animals), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
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Sitaresmi PI, Hudaya MF, Kumala S, Herdis H, Sofyan A, Bintara S, Widyobroto BP, Widayati DT. Effect of short time precise dietary energy-protein in reproductive parameters of local crossbred dairy goats. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:257-268. [PMID: 37534084 PMCID: PMC10390680 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to establish and focus on the implications of precise energy and protein levels on reproductive performance. This study based on field facts showed that excessive feed intake, especially protein intake, to increase productivity will lead to some decreased reproductive efficiency through disruption of reproductive hormonal compound biosynthesis or increasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN), which has rarely been studied. Materials and Methods Healthy and mature Saanen crossbred goats raised by traditional farmers (2-4 years old; ± 45 kg) were divided into three experimental groups [T0 = basal feed according to the feed provided by farmers, T1 = protein and energy balanced feed according to National Research Council (NRC) (±5%), T2 = feed >20% excess protein, and excess energy from NRC] (n = 75). The factorial method was used in the experimental design with a post-hoc least significant difference test. Results The data showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the biochemical or hormonal parameters between the control and the treatment groups. Also, T1 showed leads in any blood profile and reproductive hormone parameters such as total protein (79.6 ± 5.3 gm/dl), cholesterol (3.26 ± 0.47 mmol/l), progesterone (1.79 ± 2.21 ng/ml), and estrogen (47.85 ± 5.51 pg/ml), as well as the lowest levels of BUN (11.6 ± 1.59 mmol/l) and cortisol (25.07 ± 14.85 ng/ml) levels. T1 had the highest reproductive potential after treatment. Conclusion The adverse effects of high and low protein consumption on reproductive hormones seem to be related to the blood profile and ovarian function, as hormone concentrations change significantly and lead to reproductive impairment. The data showed that balanced nutrient levels (5%/T1) resulted in excellent blood and hormone parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Firdaus Hudaya
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Seraphina Kumala
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herdis Herdis
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Sofyan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sigit Bintara
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Diah Tri Widayati
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Jabeen S, Ali MF, Mohi Ud Din A, Javed T, Mohammed NS, Chaudhari SK, Javed MA, Ali B, Zhang L, Rahimi M. Phytochemical screening and allelopathic potential of phytoextracts of three invasive grass species. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8080. [PMID: 37202455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Undoubtedly, it is important to remain vigilant and manage invasive grasses to prevent their spread and mitigate their negative impact on the environment. However, these aggressive plants can also play a beneficial role in certain contexts. For example, several invasive grasses provide valuable forage for livestock and have disease control potential. Therefore, a research experiment was conducted to explore the pros and cons of this approach, not only for surrounding vegetation but also for human and animal disease control. The study is primarily focused on developing livestock feed, plant-derived herbicides, and an understanding of the phytotoxic effects of invasive species. All plant parts of Cenchrus ciliaris L., Polypogon monspeliansis L., and Dicanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf, were tested for their phyto-chemical screening, proximate, and toxicity analysis which was caused by the methanolic extract of these grass species. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests were performed for proximate composition analysis and toxicity assessment essays. The phytochemical analysis revealed the positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, phenols, saponins, and glycosides, while negative for tannins. Comparison of proximate analysis intimated maximum moisture (10.8%) and crude fat (4.1%) in P. monspeliensis, whereas maximum dry matter (84.1%), crude protein (13.95%), crude fiber (11%), and ash (7.2%) in D. annulatum. Five (10, 100, 500, 100, 10,000 ppm) and three (10, 1000, 10,000 ppm) different concentrations of methanolic extract prepared from C. ciliaris, P. monspeliansis, and D. annulatum were used respectively for root inhibition and seed germination essay. Furthermore, three different concentrations (10, 30, 50 mg) of plant fine powder were used for sandwich method test. There was a significant decline in the growth rate of experimental model radish seeds (P > 0.005), and results from sandwich method tests showed suppressed growth of root hairs, inhibiting the anchoring of the radish seed. In comparison, results manifest that; P. monspeliansis indicated an upsurge of inhibition (66.58% at 10,000 ppm), D. annulatum revealed soar germination (75.86% in controlled conditions), and C. ciliaris exhibited dramatic shoot up of inhibition because of sandwich method test (14.02% at 50 mg). In conclusion, although grasses are toxic, it is important to consider the beneficiary account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Jabeen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, 42100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fraz Ali
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Atta Mohi Ud Din
- National Research Center of Intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | | | - Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, 42100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ammar Javed
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
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Mohd Azmi AF, Mat Amin F, Ahmad H, Mohd Nor N, Meng GY, Zamri Saad M, Abu Bakar MZ, Abdullah P, Irawan A, Jayanegara A, Abu Hassim H. Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113042. [PMID: 34827775 PMCID: PMC8614549 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition and distribution of buffalo body fats play a vital role in the quality of the buffalo carcass and are of great commercial value, since the carcass quality influences the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effect a mixture of 4% bypass fat and 26% concentrate supplementations in buffalo basal diet had on both the carcass characteristics and the proximate and fatty acid composition in longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), supraspinatus (SS) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles of Murrah cross and swamp buffaloes. In addition, profit and loss analyses were performed to determine the profitability. This study employed a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two diets, two breeds and four replicates per treatment. A total of sixteen buffaloes (eight buffaloes per breed, bodyweight 98.64 ± 1.93 kg) were randomly assigned into two dietary groups. The first group was given Diet A, which consisted of 70% Brachiaria decumbens + 30% concentrate, whereas the second group was given Diet B, which consisted of 70% Brachiaria decumbens + 26% concentrate + 4% bypass fat. The buffaloes were fed for 730 days before slaughter. The results showed that supplemented bypass fat significantly (p < 0.05) increased the pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, meat:fat ratio, pH at 24 h, moisture and crude protein of LTL, ST and SS, the ether extract of LTL and ST and the meat fatty acid of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, PUFA n-6/n-3 and total MUFA. The carcass yield and carcass fat percentages, the ash content in ST, the EE in the SS muscle and the meat fatty acid of C18:3, total PUFA n-3, UFA/SFA and PUFA/SFA were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. Furthermore, Murrah cross showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, carcass bone percentage and total fatty acid, but a lower (p < 0.05) meat:bone ratio, ash of LTL and CP of LTL and ST when compared to swamp buffaloes. No significant changes were found in the proximate composition of different types of muscle, but the ST muscle revealed significantly high C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1, and the SS muscle had high C18:2 and total fatty acid (p < 0.05). Supplementing using bypass fat increased the cost of buffalo feeding but resulted in a higher revenue and net profit. In conclusion, the concentrate and bypass fat supplementations in the buffalo diet could alter the nutrient compositions of buffalo meat without a detrimental effect on carcass characteristics, leading to a higher profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Fhaisol Mat Amin
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Hafandi Ahmad
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Norhariani Mohd Nor
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Goh Yong Meng
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Mohd Zamri Saad
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Md Zuki Abu Bakar
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Punimin Abdullah
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia;
| | - Agung Irawan
- Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia;
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Hasliza Abu Hassim
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.F.M.A.); (F.M.A.); (H.A.); (N.M.N.); (G.Y.M.); (M.Z.A.B.)
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
- Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9769-3417
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