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Svetikiene D, Zamokas G, Jokubaite M, Marksa M, Ivanauskas L, Babickaite L, Ramanauskiene K. The Comparative Study of the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effects of Propolis Extracts in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Sci 2024; 11:375. [PMID: 39195829 PMCID: PMC11360084 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11080375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats to human and animal health. Efforts to combat AMR include the introduction of antimicrobial drugs as alternative treatment options. To contribute to an effective plan for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, the development of new antimicrobial agents is increasingly being explored. Propolis has garnered significant attention from both scientists and industry due to its extensive spectrum of biological activity. The growing interest in polyphenols of natural origin and their plant sources further encourages the investigation of their chemical composition and biological effects. Propolis serves as a rich source of phenolic compounds. Baltic region propolis, classified as poplar-type propolis, was selected for this study, and extracts were prepared using raw propolis materials from various Baltic countries. The production of liquid extracts utilized a combination of 70 percent ethanol, a mixture of water and poloxamer P407, and DES (deep eutectic solvent). The research aims to produce liquid propolis extracts using different solvents and to assess their chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity against different veterinary pathogens. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), revealing antioxidant activity in all extracts, with results correlating with the total phenolic compound content. It was found that p-coumaric acid predominated in the studied propolis extracts (in ethanol extracts 1155.90-1506.65 mg/g, in DES extracts 321.13-954.76 mg/g, and in polymeric extracts 5.34-30.80 mg/g), with smaller amounts of ferulic acid and vanillin detected. Clinical and reference bacterial strains were collected from the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, the Academy of Veterinary Medicine, and the Institute of Microbiology and Virology. To effectively treat bacterial infections, the antimicrobial activity of propolis extracts was tested against six pathogenic bacterial species and one pathogenic fungus (S. aureus, S. agalactiae, B. cereus, E. faecalis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans). Antimicrobial activity studies demonstrated that DES propolis extracts exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity compared to ethanolic propolis extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of DES propolis extracts against the tested strains ranged between 50 and 1000 μg/mL. Considering the study results, it can be concluded that propolis from the Baltic region is abundant in phenolic compounds exhibiting antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovile Svetikiene
- Department of Dr. L. Kriauceliunas Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (G.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Gintaras Zamokas
- Department of Dr. L. Kriauceliunas Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (G.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Monika Jokubaite
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (L.I.)
| | - Liudas Ivanauskas
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (L.I.)
| | - Lina Babickaite
- Department of Dr. L. Kriauceliunas Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (G.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Kristina Ramanauskiene
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Jiao S, Wang Y, Sa R, Zhao F, Xie J. Short-term supplementation with uncoated and encapsulated Enterococcus faecium affected growth performance, gut microbiome and intestinal barrier integrity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103808. [PMID: 38761463 PMCID: PMC11133978 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) is an alternative to antibiotics, while the probiotic effect of short-term application in mature broiler chickens remains unclear. In the current study, 48 Arbor Acres male broilers were chosen to investigate the effects of E. faecium on growth performance, the gut microbiome and intestinal health during the finishing period. Forty-eight birds were randomly allocated to 4 treatment groups that were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (Con), a basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg amoxicillin (ABX), 5×106 CFU/g encapsulated E. faecium (cEF), or 5×106 CFU/g uncoated E. faecium (EF) from d 33 to 42. The results showed that 10 d of antibiotic treatment decreased the growth performance of the broilers (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio of the cEF and EF groups were lower than that of the Con group by 0.13 and 0.07, respectively (P > 0.05). The abundance of viable ileal and cecal E. faecium in the cEF group was greater than that in the EF group (P < 0.05), and both groups were markedly greater than those in the Con and ABX groups (P < 0.05). The ABX treatment decreased the Shannon and Chao1 indices of the cecal microbiota, while the dietary E. faecium treatment resulted in significant differences in the β diversity of the ileal and cecal microbiota (P < 0.05). Mantel correlation revealed that the ileal microbiota at the genus level was significantly correlated with the growth performance of broilers, with Lactobacillus, Bacillus and Escherichia-Shigella showing positive and strong correlations (P < 0.05). In the ileum, the crypt depth was lower in the cEF group than in the Con group, but the villi height-to-crypt depth ratio was greater in the cEF group than in the other groups (P = 0.037). However, the expression of the ZO-2 and Occludin genes was downregulated in the E. faecium-fed birds (P < 0.05). In the cecum, the acetate, butyrate and total SCFA levels were greater in the EF group (P < 0.05), while the propionate, isobutyrate and isovalerate levels were lower in the ABX group (P < 0.05). In summary, 10 d of dietary supplementation with E. faecium markedly increased colonization in mature broilers and potentially improved growth performance by modulating the ileal microbiota. Encapsulation techniques could enable a slow release of E. faecium in the intestine, thereby reducing the negative impacts of rapid expansion of E. faecium on the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Youyou Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Songjun Jiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Renna Sa
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Araújo D, Silva AR, Fernandes R, Serra P, Barros MM, Campos AM, Oliveira R, Silva S, Almeida C, Castro J. Emerging Approaches for Mitigating Biofilm-Formation-Associated Infections in Farm, Wild, and Companion Animals. Pathogens 2024; 13:320. [PMID: 38668275 PMCID: PMC11054384 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of addressing the problem of biofilms in farm, wild, and companion animals lies in their pervasive impact on animal health and welfare. Biofilms, as resilient communities of microorganisms, pose a persistent challenge in causing infections and complicating treatment strategies. Recognizing and understanding the importance of mitigating biofilm formation is critical to ensuring the welfare of animals in a variety of settings, from farms to the wild and companion animals. Effectively addressing this issue not only improves the overall health of individual animals, but also contributes to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture, wildlife conservation, and responsible pet ownership. This review examines the current understanding of biofilm formation in animal diseases and elucidates the complex processes involved. Recognizing the limitations of traditional antibiotic treatments, mechanisms of resistance associated with biofilms are explored. The focus is on alternative therapeutic strategies to control biofilm, with illuminating case studies providing valuable context and practical insights. In conclusion, the review highlights the importance of exploring emerging approaches to mitigate biofilm formation in animals. It consolidates existing knowledge, highlights gaps in understanding, and encourages further research to address this critical facet of animal health. The comprehensive perspective provided by this review serves as a foundation for future investigations and interventions to improve the management of biofilm-associated infections in diverse animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Araújo
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Silva
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Patrícia Serra
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Maria Margarida Barros
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CECAV—Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Campos
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Ricardo Oliveira
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Castro
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Peng H, Chen P, Guo R, Zhou Z, Chen Y, Xu P, Su H, Xiao Y, Jiang H. Regulation of the growth performance and the gastrointestinal microbiota community by the addition of defective pear fermentation to feed of small-tailed Han sheep. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358033. [PMID: 38638905 PMCID: PMC11024308 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of defective pear fermentation (DPF) diets on growth performance and gastrointestinal microbial communities in 60 healthy male small-tailed Han sheep, aged 90 days. The sheep were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of three replicates with five sheep per replicate. Initially, all groups received a basal diet for seven days during the adaptation stage. Subsequently, for 60 days, group C (control) was fed a basal diet, group X received a basal diet with 2% DPF, group Y had a basal diet with 4% DPF, and group Z was fed a basal diet with 6% DPF. The results indicated that group Y experienced a significant increase in average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI). The addition of DPF significantly elevated the levels of GSH-Px and notably reduced MDA content compared to group C. Analysis of gastrointestinal microbiota showed that groups receiving DPF had increased relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, norank_f p-2534-18B5_gut_group, Acetitomaculum, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota and Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group, and decreased abundances of Proteobacteria, Prevotella, Staphylococcus, and Psychrobacter compared to group C. Group X exhibited the highest relative abundance of Olsenella, while group Y showed a significant increase in unclassified_f Lachnospiraceae compared to the other groups. Bacterial function prediction indicated that pathways related to energy metabolism were more prevalent in group X and Y. This study preliminarily confirms the feasibility of using DPF as feed additives, providing a foundation for further research and evaluation of DPF's application in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tarim University Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Pinpin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tarim University Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tarim University Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tarim University Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Ping Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huawei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncai Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tarim University Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
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Dikbaş N, Orman YC, Alım Ş, Uçar S, Tülek A. Evaluating Enterococcus faecium9 N-2 as a probiotic candidate from traditional village white cheese. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1847-1856. [PMID: 38455208 PMCID: PMC10916548 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, various functional and probiotic attributes of the Enterococcus faecium 9 N-2 strain isolated from village-style white cheese were characterized, while also assessing its safety. To achieve this, we conducted an in vitro analysis of several key probiotic properties exhibited by the 9 N-2 strain. Notably, this strain demonstrated robust resilience to low pH, high bile salt concentrations, lysozyme, pepsin, pancreatin, and phenol. Furthermore, this strain displayed exceptional auto-aggregation capabilities and moderate co-aggregation tendencies when interacting with Escherichia coli. The cell-free supernatant derived from strain 9 N-2 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens. The strain exhibited resistance to gentamicin, meropenem, and bacitracin, while remaining susceptible to vancomycin and various other antibiotics. Furthermore, it was found that E. faecium 9 N-2 possessed the capacity to produce the phytase enzyme. When all the results of this study are evaluated, it is thought that 9 N-2 strain has superior probiotic properties, and therefore it can be used as probiotic in food, medicine, and animal feed in the future. In addition, further in vivo tests should be performed to fully understand its effects and mechanisms of action and to confirm its safety and probiotic effects. Further research and clinical trials are also needed to identify new strains with potential probiotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Dikbaş
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Yusuf Can Orman
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Şeyma Alım
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Sevda Uçar
- Department of Herbal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologySivas Science and Technology UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Ahmet Tülek
- Department of Bioengineering and SciencesIğdır UniversityIğdırTurkey
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Netto de Oliveira da Cunha C, Rodeghiero Collares S, Carvalho Rodrigues D, Walcher DL, Quintana de Moura M, Rodrigues Martins LH, Baracy Klafke G, de Oliveira Arias JL, Carapelli R, do Santos Espinelli Junior JB, Scaini CJ, Farias da Costa de Avila L. The larvicidal effect of the supernatant of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 on Toxocara canis. Exp Parasitol 2024; 258:108720. [PMID: 38367945 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Human toxocariasis is a parasitic anthropozoonosis that is difficult to treat and control. A previous study carried out with Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 revealed that the cell free supernatant (CFS) of this probiotic killed 100% of Toxocara canis larvae in vitro. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the CFS of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356, which may be involved in its larvicidal effects on T. canis. L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 was cultured, and lactic and acetic acids present in the CFS were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The levels of pH and H2O2 were also analyzed. To assess the larvicidal effect of the CFS, this was tested pure and diluted (1:2 to 1:128) on T. canis larvae. High concentrations of lactic and acetic acids were detected in the CFS. The acidity of the pure CFS was observed at pH 3.8, remaining acidic at dilutions of 1:2 to 1:16. Regarding the in vitro larvicidal effect, 100% death of T. canis larvae was observed using the pure CFS and 1:2 dilution. Based on these results, it can be inferred that the presence of higher concentrations of organic acids and low pH of the medium contributed to the larvicidal activity of the CFS of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356. In addition, the maintenance of the larvicidal effect, even after dilution, suggests a greater chance of the larvicidal effect of this CFS against T. canis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Netto de Oliveira da Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Débora Carvalho Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Liliane Walcher
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Micaele Quintana de Moura
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Helena Rodrigues Martins
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Baracy Klafke
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean Lucas de Oliveira Arias
- Integrated Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italia, Km 6 - Campus Carreiros, CEP 96203-900, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Carapelli
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Avenida Itália, Km 08 - Campus Carreiros, CEP 96.203-900, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Batista do Santos Espinelli Junior
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Avenida Itália, Km 08 - Campus Carreiros, CEP 96.203-900, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos James Scaini
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Farias da Costa de Avila
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Yin H, Chai R, Qiu H, Tao C, Huang L, Wang H, Wang P. Effects of Isaria cicadae on growth, gut microbiota, and metabolome of Larimichthys crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108719. [PMID: 37003497 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is the most productive mariculture fish in China, and its aquaculture scale is expanding along the southeastern coast of China, but that development is causing environmental damage by increasing the use of antibiotics and other chemicals. How to improve fish immunity through non-antibiotic substances is still a problem facing aquaculture industry. At present, the experiments have shown that Isaria cicadae spent substrate (IC) can improve the growth performance and immunity of Oreochromis niloticus. Therefore, I. cicadae may be a natural alternative to antibiotic for aquaculture. In order to study the effects of IC on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal metabolism of large yellow croakers, the fish were divided into three groups with three replicates in each group. Basal diet, basal diet with 2% and 6% IC supplementation (IC2 and IC6 groups), respectively. The results showed that weight gain rate (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of large yellow croaker significantly increased (P < 0.05) in IC6 group. The content of triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) increased significantly (P < 0.05), and total cholesterol (T-CHO) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in IC2 group. Compared to IC0 group, the activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) increased significantly (P < 0.05) in IC2 group, the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and GSH-Px increased significantly (P < 0.05) in IC6 group, and the activity of lysozyme (LZM) increased significantly in IC2 and IC6 groups. The addition of IC in the diets significantly increased the diversity of the microbial community in the intestine of large yellow croaker (P < 0.05), significantly improved the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota (P < 0.05) at the phylum level, and reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Desulfobacterota, and Synergistota (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Cetobacterium and Mycoplasma, which are dominant bacteria in fish gut, significantly increased (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Ruminofilibacter, Desulfomicrobium, DMER64, Syntrophomonas, Hydrogenophaga, and Aminobacterium reduced significantly (P < 0.05). Among them, Ruminofilibacter, DMER64, Syntrophomonas and Hydrogenophaga are bacteria that can participate in the hydrolysis and acidification of organic matter, while DMER64 is the hydrogen carrier. The intestinal metabolome analysis showed that IC could improve metabolic composition and function, which was related to host immunity and metabolism. In conclusion, I. cicadae can improve the growth performance, regulate the lipid metabolism and immune and antioxidant capacity of large yellow croakers by regulating intestinal microbiota and intestinal metabolism. This study provides a reference for the application of IC in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yin
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Ruoyu Chai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Equipment and Engineering Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Haoyu Qiu
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Chenzhi Tao
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Hanying Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Equipment and Engineering Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China.
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Salman MK, Abuqwider J, Mauriello G. Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Probiotics: The Mechanism and Role in Food and Gut Health. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030793. [PMID: 36985366 PMCID: PMC10056907 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism that occurs between inter- and intra-bacterial species and is regulated by signaling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). It has been suggested that probiotics can exert a QS inhibitory effect through their metabolites. Purpose: To provide an overview of (1) the anti-QS activity of probiotics and its mechanism against foodborne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria; (2) the potential role of the QS of probiotics in gut health; and (3) the impact of microencapsulation on QS. Results: Lactobacillus species have been extensively studied for their anti-QS activity and have been found to effectively disrupt QS in vitro. However, their effectiveness in a food matrix is yet to be determined as they interfere with the AI receptor or its synthesis. QS plays an important role in both the biofilm formation of probiotics and pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, in vitro and animal studies have shown that QS molecules can modulate cytokine responses and gut dysbiosis and maintain intestinal barrier function. In this scenario, microencapsulation was found to enhance AI activity. However, its impact on the anti-QS activity of probiotics and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Conclusions: Probiotics are potential candidates to block QS activity in foodborne pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria. Microencapsulation increases QS efficacy. However, more research is still needed for the identification of the QS inhibitory metabolites from probiotics and for the elucidation of the anti-QS mechanism of probiotics (microcapsules and free cells) in food and the human gut.
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Gangaiah D, Ryan V, Van Hoesel D, Mane SP, Mckinley ET, Lakshmanan N, Reddy ND, Dolk E, Kumar A. Recombinant
Limosilactobacillus
(
Lactobacillus
) delivering nanobodies against
Clostridium perfringens
NetB and alpha toxin confers potential protection from necrotic enteritis. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1270. [PMID: 35478283 PMCID: PMC8924699 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dharanesh Gangaiah
- Division of Bacteriology and Microbiome Elanco Animal Health Greenfield Indiana USA
| | - Valerie Ryan
- Division of Bacteriology and Microbiome Elanco Animal Health Greenfield Indiana USA
| | - Daphne Van Hoesel
- Division of Nanobody Discovery and Development QVQ Holding BV Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Shrinivasrao P. Mane
- Division of Bacteriology and Microbiome Elanco Animal Health Greenfield Indiana USA
| | - Enid T. Mckinley
- Division of Bacteriology and Microbiome Elanco Animal Health Greenfield Indiana USA
| | | | - Nandakumar D. Reddy
- Division of Bacteriology and Microbiome Elanco Animal Health Greenfield Indiana USA
| | - Edward Dolk
- Division of Nanobody Discovery and Development QVQ Holding BV Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Division of Bacteriology and Microbiome Elanco Animal Health Greenfield Indiana USA
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