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Huerta-Leidenz N, Jerez-Timaure N, Rodas-González A, Sarturi JO, Brashears MM, Miller MF, Brashears MT. The Effects of Castration, Implant Protocol, and Supplementation of Bos indicus-Influenced Beef Cattle under Tropical Savanna Conditions on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Quality. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030366. [PMID: 35158689 PMCID: PMC8833375 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of castration, supplementation, and implant protocol (IP) on growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of grass-fed cattle were evaluated. Two experiments followed a two-way ANOVA and a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Experiment-I, 99 bulls were evaluated for: (a) supplementation (mineral (MS) or strategic protein-energy supplementation (SS)), and (b) IP (repeated (day-0 and day-90) Zeranol-72 mg implantation (Zeranol–Zeranol) or Trenbolone Acetate-140 mg/Estradiol-20 mg (day-0) followed by Zeranol-72 mg (day-90) (TBA/E2–Zeranol)). Experiment II, 50 animals were evaluated for: (a) IP (like Experiment-I), and (b) male class (steers vs. bulls). In Experiment-I, SS bulls had greater growth rate, carcass yield, and yield of high-valued boneless lean cuts than MS bulls, while decreasing (p < 0.05) time to harvest. Steaks from SS-bulls on TBA/E2–Zeranol IP were more (p = 0.05) tender than SS/Zeranol–Zeranol counterparts. Experiment-II bulls had greater growth than steers, but decreased (p < 0.05) carcass quality aspects. Zeranol–Zeranol increased (p < 0.01) meat tenderness of steers. Interactions (p < 0.05) affected cutability (Experiment-II) and meat sensory traits (Experiment-I/II). The SS improved growth, carcass yield, and shortened days until harvest of bulls, while TBA/E2–Zeranol IP positively affected tenderness in bull meat only. Castration improved carcass quality while the implant effects on cutability and tenderness were male-class dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Huerta-Leidenz
- International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-214, USA; (N.H.-L.); (J.O.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.F.M.); (M.T.B.)
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4005, Venezuela
| | - Nancy Jerez-Timaure
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4005, Venezuela
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-9-53567344
| | - Argenis Rodas-González
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural & Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
| | - Jhones Onorino Sarturi
- International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-214, USA; (N.H.-L.); (J.O.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.F.M.); (M.T.B.)
| | - Mindy M. Brashears
- International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-214, USA; (N.H.-L.); (J.O.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.F.M.); (M.T.B.)
| | - Markus F. Miller
- International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-214, USA; (N.H.-L.); (J.O.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.F.M.); (M.T.B.)
| | - Michel Todd Brashears
- International Center for Food Industry Excellence, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-214, USA; (N.H.-L.); (J.O.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.F.M.); (M.T.B.)
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