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Silva EFP, Gaia RC, Mulim HA, Pinto LFB, Iung LHS, Brito LF, Pedrosa VB. Genome-Wide Association Study of Conformation Traits in Brazilian Holstein Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2472. [PMID: 39272257 PMCID: PMC11394126 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The linear conformation of animals exerts an influence on health, reproduction, production, and welfare, in addition to longevity, which directly affects the profitability of milk-producing farms. The objectives of this study were (1) to perform genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of conformation traits, namely the Rump, Feet and Legs, Mammary System, Dairy Strength, and Final Classification traits, and (2) to identify genes and related pathways involved in physiological processes associated with conformation traits in Brazilian Holstein cattle. Phenotypic and genotypic data from 2339 Holstein animals distributed across the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, São Paulo, and Minas Gerais were used. The genotypic data were obtained with a 100 K SNP marker panel. The single-step genome-wide association study (ssGWAS) method was employed in the analyses. Genes close to a significant SNP were identified in an interval of 100 kb up- and downstream using the Ensembl database available in the BioMart tool. The DAVID database was used to identify the main metabolic pathways and the STRING program was employed to create the gene regulatory network. In total, 36 significant SNPs were found on 15 chromosomes; 27 of these SNPs were linked to genes that may influence the traits studied. Fourteen genes most closely related to the studied traits were identified, as well as four genes that showed interactions in important metabolic pathways such as myogenesis, adipogenesis, and angiogenesis. Among the total genes, four were associated with myogenesis (TMOD2, TMOD3, CCND2, and CTBP2), three with angiogenesis (FGF23, FGF1, and SCG3), and four with adipogenesis and body size and development (C5H12orf4, CCND2, EMILIN1, and FGF6). These results contribute to a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying phenotypic variability in conformation traits in Brazilian Holstein cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanueli F P Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil
| | - Rita C Gaia
- Department of Animal Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil
| | - Henrique A Mulim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Laiza H S Iung
- Neogen Corporation, Pindamonhangaba 12412-800, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Victor B Pedrosa
- Department of Animal Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Neogen Corporation, Biotechnology Research, Lincoln, NE 68504, USA
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Abebe BK, Wang H, Li A, Zan L. A review of the role of transcription factors in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2024; 141:235-256. [PMID: 38146089 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, genomic selection and other refined strategies have been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of beef cattle. Nevertheless, the fast growth rates of cattle breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, impairing meat quality. Transcription factors play vital roles in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle. Meanwhile, understanding the role of transcription factors in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle has gained significant attention to increase IMF deposition and meat quality. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to provide a comprehensive summary and valuable insight into the complex role of transcription factors in adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle. This review summarizes the contemporary studies in transcription factors in adipogenesis and lipogenesis, genome-wide analysis of transcription factors, epigenetic regulation of transcription factors, nutritional regulation of transcription factors, metabolic signalling pathways, functional genomics methods, transcriptomic profiling of adipose tissues, transcription factors and meat quality and comparative genomics with other livestock species. In conclusion, transcription factors play a crucial role in promoting adipocyte development and fatty acid biosynthesis in beef cattle. They control adipose tissue formation and metabolism, thereby improving meat quality and maintaining metabolic balance. Understanding the processes by which these transcription factors regulate adipose tissue deposition and lipid metabolism will simplify the development of marbling or IMF composition in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belete Kuraz Abebe
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia
| | - Hongbao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Anning Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Fu J, Liu J, Zou X, Deng M, Liu G, Sun B, Guo Y, Liu D, Li Y. Transcriptome analysis of mRNA and miRNA in the development of LeiZhou goat muscles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9858. [PMID: 38684760 PMCID: PMC11058254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of muscle development is a pivotal aspect of animal ontogenesis, where miRNA and mRNA exert substantial influence as prominent players. It is important to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle development to enhance the quality and yield of meat produced by Leizhou goats. We employed RNA sequencing (RNA-SEQ) technology to generate miRNA-mRNA profiles in Leizhou goats, capturing their developmental progression at 0, 3, and 6 months of age. A total of 977 mRNAs and 174 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed based on our analysis. Metabolic pathways, calcium signaling pathways, and amino acid synthesis and metabolism were found to be significantly enriched among the differentially expressed mRNA in the enrichment analysis. Meanwhile, we found that among these differentially expressed mRNA, some may be related to muscle development, such as MYL10, RYR3, and CSRP3. Additionally,, we identified five muscle-specific miRNAs (miR-127-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-193b-3p, miR-365-3p, and miR-381) that consistently exhibited high expression levels across all three stages. These miRNAs work with their target genes (FHL3, SESN1, PACSIN3, LMCD1) to regulate muscle development. Taken together, our findings suggest that several miRNAs and mRNAs are involved in regulating muscle development and cell growth in goats. By uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle growth and development, these findings contribute valuable knowledge that can inform breeding strategies aimed at enhancing meat yield and quality in Leizhou goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Fu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ming Deng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Baoli Sun
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaokun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Keel BN, Lindholm-Perry AK. Recent developments and future directions in meta-analysis of differential gene expression in livestock RNA-Seq. Front Genet 2022; 13:983043. [PMID: 36199583 PMCID: PMC9527320 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.983043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreases in the costs of high-throughput sequencing technologies have led to continually increasing numbers of livestock RNA-Seq studies in the last decade. Although the number of studies has increased dramatically, most livestock RNA-Seq experiments are limited by cost to a small number of biological replicates. Meta-analysis procedures can be used to integrate and jointly analyze data from multiple independent studies. Meta-analyses increase the sample size, which in turn increase both statistical power and robustness of the results. In this work, we discuss cutting edge approaches to combining results from multiple independent RNA-Seq studies to improve livestock transcriptomics research. We review currently published RNA-Seq meta-analyses in livestock, describe many of the key issues specific to RNA-Seq meta-analysis in livestock species, and discuss future perspectives.
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