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Laakkonen J, Nihtilä H, Jernvall J. Anatomical variations in the cerebral arterial circle of the Saimaa (Pusa hispida saimensis) and Baltic ringed seals (Pusa hispida botnica). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:677-689. [PMID: 37706632 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The intracranial arterial vascularization of the Saimaa ringed seals (Pusa hispida saimensis; Nordquist, 1899) and Baltic ringed seals (Pusa hispida botnica; Gmelin, 1788) disclosed patterns of anatomical architecture comparable to that of other pinniped species. Arterial silicone casts on skull scaffolds, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the besides joining the caudal communicating arteries upon entering the cerebral arterial circle, the bilateral internal carotid arteries bifurcated as laterally oriented rostral choroidal arteries and rostral cerebral arteries. The latter arteries almost immediately gave off the laterally oriented middle cerebral arteries. Numerous individual variations were evident in differences in the exact branching sites of bilateral vessels or the size or number of arterial branches. Two Saimaa ringed seals had only a tiny foramen for the left internal carotid artery to enter the intracranial space, and the intracranial part of this vessel was short. It did not reach the cerebral arterial circle. The intracranial part of the right internal carotid artery is bifurcated and also supplied the left side of the cerebral arterial circle. Both specimens had aplasia of the left rostral cerebral artery. The intracranial arterial arrangement of Saimaa and Baltic ringed seals reflects the arterial architecture of this body region in terrestrial mammals with little evidence for aquatic adaptations or changes related to thermoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Laakkonen
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heini Nihtilä
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Jernvall
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Jadi AR, Fujisaki H, Ramah A, Baakhtari M, Imatake S, Wakitani S, Yasuda M. Anatomical View of the Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion in Japanese Black Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:365. [PMID: 38338008 PMCID: PMC10854833 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The internal carotid artery (ICA) is a branch of the common carotid artery (CCA), along with the external carotid artery (ECA), which together provide the blood supply for the brain. The description of the ICA in cattle is vague, including denial of its existence or degeneration at an early stage after birth. This anatomical study investigated the internal carotid artery in Japanese black cattle. Sixty-five heads of Japanese black cattle aged from newborn to 13 years were dissected and injected with colored latex from the CCA after separating the head and body. Diameter measurements of the artery branches from the CCA on its bifurcation were conducted. Furthermore, a histological examination of the ICA wall's structures, which consist of the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa, was performed. The ICA of Japanese black cattle is closed on the left side after age 3 years, except for a small lumen at 13 years, whereas the right ICA remains open at all ages. The location of occlusion of the left internal carotid artery (LICA) shows thickness of the tunica intima and an increased connective tissue layer area. The diameter of the ICA does not differ between the left and right sides, and there is no correlation with age. Therefore, further studies are needed, especially of ICA occlusion related to Japanese black cattle's physiology or cerebrospinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvendi Rachma Jadi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (A.R.J.)
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Fauna Street Karangmalang, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Hinako Fujisaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Amany Ramah
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (A.R.J.)
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia 13518, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Baakhtari
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (A.R.J.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balkh University, Balkh 1702, Afghanistan
| | - Shoichiro Imatake
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (A.R.J.)
| | - Shoichi Wakitani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (A.R.J.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Zdun M, Ruszkowski JJ, Butkiewicz AF, Gogulski M. Arterial Blood Supply to the Cerebral Arterial Circle in the Selected Species of Carnivora Order from Poland. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3144. [PMID: 37835749 PMCID: PMC10571766 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnivores are a wide, diverse group of mammals whose representatives live all over the world. The study presents the results of the analysis of the arterial vascularization of the blood supply to the cerebral arterial circle of selected species in the Caniformia suborder living in Poland. The selected group consists of wild and farm animals-105 animals in total. Three different methods were used-latex preparation, corrosion cast, and cone-beam computed tomography angiography. The main source of blood for encephalon in the described species is the internal carotid artery, and the second one is the vertebral artery. The results were discussed in relation to the current knowledge of this field of research. Information on the potential physiological meaning of such vascular pattern has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Zdun
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Jakub Jędrzej Ruszkowski
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland;
- University Centre for Veterinary Medicine, Szydłowska 43, 60-656 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Aleksander F. Butkiewicz
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Maciej Gogulski
- University Centre for Veterinary Medicine, Szydłowska 43, 60-656 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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Zdun M, Ruszkowski JJ, Gogulski M. Cerebral Vascularization and the Remaining Area Supply of the Internal Carotid Artery Derivatives of the Red Kangaroo ( Osphranter rufus). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2744. [PMID: 37685008 PMCID: PMC10486574 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The red kangaroo (Osphranter rufus) is a member of Macropidideae superfamily. It is one of the four kangaroo species living nowadays, and it is the biggest one. It is native to Australia, where it is an abundant species living across the whole continent in stable populations. Outside its natural habit, the red kangaroo is a common species found in zoos and as patients in wildlife rehabilitation centers. Reports on kangaroo anatomy are scarce. Describing detailed anatomy is a base for establishing diagnostic and treatment protocols for different species of animals. Cardiovascular diseases and pathological changes suggestive of hypertension have been previously described in kangaroos. This creates a necessity for detailed studies on species' vascular anatomy. New reports in the field of detailed vascular anatomy can bring considerable information that complements numerous studies on the evolution or biology of individual species. In this article, we describe the arterial vascularization of the brain and nearby regions of the cranial cavity using various anatomical techniques. The vascularization of the brain is discussed and compared with different mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Zdun
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Jakub Jędrzej Ruszkowski
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland;
- University Centre for Veterinary Medicine, Szydłowska 43, 60-656 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Maciej Gogulski
- University Centre for Veterinary Medicine, Szydłowska 43, 60-656 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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