1
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Burnim AA, Dufault-Thompson K, Jiang X. The three-sided right-handed β-helix is a versatile fold for glycan interactions. Glycobiology 2024; 34:cwae037. [PMID: 38767844 PMCID: PMC11129586 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between proteins and glycans are critical to various biological processes. With databases of carbohydrate-interacting proteins and increasing amounts of structural data, the three-sided right-handed β-helix (RHBH) has emerged as a significant structural fold for glycan interactions. In this review, we provide an overview of the sequence, mechanistic, and structural features that enable the RHBH to interact with glycans. The RHBH is a prevalent fold that exists in eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses associated with adhesin and carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) functions. An evolutionary trajectory analysis on structurally characterized RHBH-containing proteins shows that they likely evolved from carbohydrate-binding proteins with their carbohydrate-degrading activities evolving later. By examining three polysaccharide lyase and three glycoside hydrolase structures, we provide a detailed view of the modes of glycan binding in RHBH proteins. The 3-dimensional shape of the RHBH creates an electrostatically and spatially favorable glycan binding surface that allows for extensive hydrogen bonding interactions, leading to favorable and stable glycan binding. The RHBH is observed to be an adaptable domain capable of being modified with loop insertions and charge inversions to accommodate heterogeneous and flexible glycans and diverse reaction mechanisms. Understanding this prevalent protein fold can advance our knowledge of glycan binding in biological systems and help guide the efficient design and utilization of RHBH-containing proteins in glycobiology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey A Burnim
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Building 38A, Room 6N607, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 United States
| | - Keith Dufault-Thompson
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Building 38A, Room 6N607, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 United States
| | - Xiaofang Jiang
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Building 38A, Room 6N607, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 United States
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2
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Wang R, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yu S, Zhuo H, Huang Y, Lyu J, Lin Y, Zhang X, Mi Z, Liu Y. Identification and characterization of the capsule depolymerase Dpo27 from phage IME-Ap7 specific to Acinetobacter pittii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1373052. [PMID: 38808067 PMCID: PMC11130378 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1373052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Among the Acinetobacter genus, Acinetobacter pittii stands out as an important opportunistic infection causative agent commonly found in hospital settings, which poses a serious threat to human health. Recently, the high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant A. pittii isolates has created significant therapeutic challenges for clinicians. Bacteriophages and their derived enzymes are promising therapeutic alternatives or adjuncts to antibiotics effective against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, studies investigating the depolymerases specific to A. pittii strains are scarce. In this study, we identified and characterized a capsule depolymerase, Dpo27, encoded by the bacteriophage IME-Ap7, which targets A. pittii. A total of 23 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. were identified as A. pittii (21.91%, 23/105), and seven A. pittii strains with various K locus (KL) types (KL14, KL32, KL38, KL111, KL163, KL207, and KL220) were used as host bacteria for phage screening. The lytic phage IME-Ap7 was isolated using A. pittii 7 (KL220) as an indicator bacterium and was observed for depolymerase activity. A putative tail fiber gene encoding a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme (Dpo27) was identified and expressed. The results of the modified single-spot assay showed that both A. pittii 7 and 1492 were sensitive to Dpo27, which was assigned the KL220 type. After incubation with Dpo27, A. pittii strain was susceptible to killing by human serum; moreover, the protein displayed no hemolytic activity against erythrocytes. Furthermore, the protein exhibited sustained activity across a wide pH range (5.0-10.0) and at temperatures between 20 and 50°C. In summary, the identified capsule depolymerase Dpo27 holds promise as an alternative treatment for combating KL220-type A. pittii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rentao Wang
- Senior Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hailong Zhuo
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianglilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Mi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Youning Liu
- Senior Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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3
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Evseev PV, Sukhova AS, Tkachenko NA, Skryabin YP, Popova AV. Lytic Capsule-Specific Acinetobacter Bacteriophages Encoding Polysaccharide-Degrading Enzymes. Viruses 2024; 16:771. [PMID: 38793652 PMCID: PMC11126041 DOI: 10.3390/v16050771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The genus Acinetobacter comprises both environmental and clinically relevant species associated with hospital-acquired infections. Among them, Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical priority bacterial pathogen, for which the research and development of new strategies for antimicrobial treatment are urgently needed. Acinetobacter spp. produce a variety of structurally diverse capsular polysaccharides (CPSs), which surround the bacterial cells with a thick protective layer. These surface structures are primary receptors for capsule-specific bacteriophages, that is, phages carrying tailspikes with CPS-depolymerizing/modifying activities. Phage tailspike proteins (TSPs) exhibit hydrolase, lyase, or esterase activities toward the corresponding CPSs of a certain structure. In this study, the data on all lytic capsule-specific phages infecting Acinetobacter spp. with genomes deposited in the NCBI GenBank database by January 2024 were summarized. Among the 149 identified TSPs encoded in the genomes of 143 phages, the capsular specificity (K specificity) of 46 proteins has been experimentally determined or predicted previously. The specificity of 63 TSPs toward CPSs, produced by various Acinetobacter K types, was predicted in this study using a bioinformatic analysis. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis confirmed the prediction and revealed the possibility of the genetic exchange of gene regions corresponding to the CPS-recognizing/degrading parts of different TSPs between morphologically and taxonomically distant groups of capsule-specific Acinetobacter phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V. Evseev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, City District Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279 Obolensk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (Y.P.S.)
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia S. Sukhova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, City District Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279 Obolensk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (Y.P.S.)
| | - Nikolay A. Tkachenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yuriy P. Skryabin
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, City District Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279 Obolensk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (Y.P.S.)
| | - Anastasia V. Popova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, City District Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279 Obolensk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (Y.P.S.)
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4
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Wang Z, Yang X, Wang H, Wang S, Fang R, Li X, Xing J, Wu Q, Li Z, Song N. Characterization and efficacy against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii of a novel Friunavirus phage from sewage. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1382145. [PMID: 38736748 PMCID: PMC11086170 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1382145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has become a new threat in recent years, owing to its rapidly increasing resistance to antibiotics and new effective therapies are needed to combat this pathogen. Phage therapy is considered to be the most promising alternative for treating CRAB infections. In this study, a novel phage, Ab_WF01, which can lyse clinical CRAB, was isolated and characterized from hospital sewage. The multiplicity of infection, morphology, one-step growth curve, stability, sensitivity, and lytic activity of the phage were also investigated. The genome of phage Ab_WF01 was 41, 317 bp in size with a GC content of 39.12% and encoded 51 open reading frames (ORFs). tRNA, virulence, and antibiotic resistance genes were not detected in the phage genome. Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses suggest that phage Ab_WF01 is a novel species of the genus Friunavirus, subfamily Beijerinckvirinae, and family Autographiviridae. The in vivo results showed that phage Ab_WF01 significantly increased the survival rate of CRAB-infected Galleria mellonella (from 0% to 70% at 48 h) and mice (from 0% to 60% for 7 days). Moreover, after day 3 post-infection, phage Ab_WF01 reduced inflammatory response, with strongly ameliorated histological damage and bacterial clearance in infected tissue organs (lungs, liver, and spleen) in mouse CRAB infection model. Taken together, these results show that phage Ab_WF01 holds great promise as a potential alternative agent with excellent stability for against CRAB infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Wang
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ren Fang
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiayin Xing
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaoli Li
- SAFE Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Tract Pathogens and Drug Therapy, School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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5
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Peters DL, Gaudreault F, Chen W. Functional domains of Acinetobacter bacteriophage tail fibers. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1230997. [PMID: 38690360 PMCID: PMC11058221 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1230997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A rapid increase in antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections around the world is causing a global health crisis. The Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii is categorized as a Priority 1 pathogen for research and development of new antimicrobials by the World Health Organization due to its numerous intrinsic antibiotic resistance mechanisms and ability to quickly acquire new resistance determinants. Specialized phage enzymes, called depolymerases, degrade the bacterial capsule polysaccharide layer and show therapeutic potential by sensitizing the bacterium to phages, select antibiotics, and serum killing. The functional domains responsible for the capsule degradation activity are often found in the tail fibers of select A. baumannii phages. To further explore the functional domains associated with depolymerase activity, tail-associated proteins of 71 sequenced and fully characterized phages were identified from published literature and analyzed for functional domains using InterProScan. Multisequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the domain groups and assessed in the context of noted halo formation or depolymerase characterization. Proteins derived from phages noted to have halo formation or a functional depolymerase, but no functional domain hits, were modeled with AlphaFold2 Multimer, and compared to other protein models using the DALI server. The domains associated with depolymerase function were pectin lyase-like (SSF51126), tailspike binding (cd20481), (Trans)glycosidases (SSF51445), and potentially SGNH hydrolases. These findings expand our knowledge on phage depolymerases, enabling researchers to better exploit these enzymes for therapeutic use in combating the antimicrobial resistance crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L. Peters
- Human Health Therapeutics (HHT) Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health Therapeutics (HHT) Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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6
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Wang H, Liu Y, Bai C, Leung SSY. Translating bacteriophage-derived depolymerases into antibacterial therapeutics: Challenges and prospects. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:155-169. [PMID: 38239242 PMCID: PMC10792971 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Predatory bacteriophages have evolved a vast array of depolymerases for bacteria capture and deprotection. These depolymerases are enzymes responsible for degrading diverse bacterial surface carbohydrates. They are exploited as antibiofilm agents and antimicrobial adjuvants while rarely inducing bacterial resistance, making them an invaluable asset in the era of antibiotic resistance. Numerous depolymerases have been investigated preclinically, with evidence indicating that depolymerases with appropriate dose regimens can safely and effectively combat different multidrug-resistant pathogens in animal infection models. Additionally, some formulation approaches have been developed for improved stability and activity of depolymerases. However, depolymerase formulation is limited to liquid dosage form and remains in its infancy, posing a significant hurdle to their clinical translation, compounded by challenges in their applicability and manufacturing. Future development must address these obstacles for clinical utility. Here, after unravelling the history, diversity, and therapeutic use of depolymerases, we summarized the preclinical efficacy and existing formulation findings of recombinant depolymerases. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of depolymerases as therapeutics for humans were assessed to provide insights for their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Changqing Bai
- Department of Respiratory, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Guangdong 518055, China
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7
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Guo Z, Liu M, Zhang D. Potential of phage depolymerase for the treatment of bacterial biofilms. Virulence 2023; 14:2273567. [PMID: 37872768 PMCID: PMC10621286 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2273567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is a major concern in medicine and veterinary science. The bacterial biofilm structures not only prevent the penetration of drugs into cells within the biofilm's interior but also aid in evasion of the host immune system. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic approaches against bacterial biofilms. One potential strategy to counter biofilms is to use phage depolymerases that degrade the matrix structure of the bacteria and enable access to bacterial cells. This review mainly discusses the methods by which phage depolymerases enhance the efficacy of the human immune system and the therapeutic applications of some phage depolymerases, such as single phage depolymerase application, combined therapy with phage depolymerase and antibiotics, and phage depolymerase cocktails, for treating bacterial biofilms. This review also summarizes the relationship between bacterial biofilms and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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8
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Sun X, Pu B, Qin J, Xiang J. Effect of a Depolymerase Encoded by Phage168 on a Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Its Biofilm. Pathogens 2023; 12:1396. [PMID: 38133282 PMCID: PMC10745733 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are becoming increasingly common within clinical settings, requiring the development of alternative therapies. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and sequenced the genome of a CRKP phage, Phage168. The total genomic DNA of Phage168 was 40,222 bp in length, encoding 49 predicted proteins. Among these proteins, Dep40, the gene product of ORF40, is a putative tail fiber protein that exhibits depolymerase activity based on the result of bioinformatics analyses. In vitro, we confirmed that the molecular weight of the Phage168 depolymerase protein was about 110 kDa, the concentration of the produced phage 168 depolymerase protein was quantified as being 1.2 mg/mL, and the depolymerase activity was still detectable after the dilution of 1.2 µg/mL. This recombinant depolymerase exhibited enzyme activity during the depolymerization of the formed CRKP biofilms. We also found that depolymerase, when combined with polymyxin B, was able to enhance the bactericidal effect of polymyxin B on CRKP strains by disrupting their biofilm. When recombinant depolymerase was used in combination with human serum, it enhanced the sensitivity of the CRKP strain UA168 to human serum, and the synergistic bactericidal effect reached the strongest level when the ratio of depolymerase to human serum was 3:1. Our results indicated that depolymerase encoded by Phage168 may be a promising strategy for combating infections caused by drug-resistant CRKP formed within the biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Sun
- Department of Burn, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
| | - Bingchun Pu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (B.P.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jinhong Qin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (B.P.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Burn, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
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9
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Maciejewska B, Squeglia F, Latka A, Privitera M, Olejniczak S, Switala P, Ruggiero A, Marasco D, Kramarska E, Drulis-Kawa Z, Berisio R. Klebsiella phage KP34gp57 capsular depolymerase structure and function: from a serendipitous finding to the design of active mini-enzymes against K. pneumoniae. mBio 2023; 14:e0132923. [PMID: 37707438 PMCID: PMC10653864 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01329-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In this work, we determined the structure of Klebsiella phage KP34p57 capsular depolymerase and dissected the role of individual domains in trimerization and functional activity. The crystal structure serendipitously revealed that the enzyme can exist in a monomeric state once deprived of its C-terminal domain. Based on the crystal structure and site-directed mutagenesis, we localized the key catalytic residues in an intra-subunit deep groove. Consistently, we show that C-terminally trimmed KP34p57 variants are monomeric, stable, and fully active. The elaboration of monomeric, fully active phage depolymerases is innovative in the field, as no previous example exists. Indeed, mini phage depolymerases can be combined in chimeric enzymes to extend their activity ranges, allowing their use against multiple serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Maciejewska
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Flavia Squeglia
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Latka
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mario Privitera
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sebastian Olejniczak
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Switala
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Eliza Kramarska
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rita Berisio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy
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10
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Klumpp J, Dunne M, Loessner MJ. A perfect fit: Bacteriophage receptor-binding proteins for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 71:102240. [PMID: 36446275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophages are the most abundant biological entity on earth, acting as the predators and evolutionary drivers of bacteria. Owing to their inherent ability to specifically infect and kill bacteria, phages and their encoded endolysins and receptor-binding proteins (RBPs) have enormous potential for development into precision antimicrobials for treatment of bacterial infections and microbial disbalances; or as biocontrol agents to tackle bacterial contaminations during various biotechnological processes. The extraordinary binding specificity of phages and RBPs can be exploited in various areas of bacterial diagnostics and monitoring, from food production to health care. We review and describe the distinctive features of phage RBPs, explain why they are attractive candidates for use as therapeutics and in diagnostics, discuss recent applications using RBPs, and finally provide our perspective on how synthetic technology and artificial intelligence-driven approaches will revolutionize how we use these tools in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Klumpp
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Dunne
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin J Loessner
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Characterisation and sequencing of the novel phage Abp95, which is effective against multi-genotypes of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Sci Rep 2023; 13:188. [PMID: 36604462 PMCID: PMC9813454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has become one of the most challenging conditional pathogens in health facilities. It causes various infectious diseases in humans, such as wound or urinary tract infections and pneumonia. Phage therapy has been used as an alternative strategy for antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii infections and has been approved by several governments. Previously, we have reported two potential phage therapy candidates, Abp1 and Abp9, both of which are narrow-host-range phages. In the present study, we screened and isolated 22 A. baumannii bacteriophages from hospital sewage water and determined that Abp95 has a wide host range (29%; 58/200). The biological and genomic characteristics and anti-infection potential of Abp95 were also investigated. Abp95 belongs to the Myoviridae family, with a G+C content of 37.85% and a genome size of 43,176 bp. Its genome encodes 77 putative genes, none of which are virulence, lysogeny, or antibiotic resistance genes. Abp95 was found to accelerate wound healing in a diabetic mouse wound infection model by clearing local infections of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. In conclusion, the lytic phage Abp95, which has a wide host range, demonstrates potential as a candidate for phage therapy against multiple sequence types of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.
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