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Garry B, Samdavid Thanapaul RJR, Werner LM, Pavlovic R, Rios KE, Antonic V, Bobrov AG. Antibacterial Activity of Ag+ on ESKAPEE Pathogens In Vitro and in Blood. Mil Med 2024; 189:493-500. [PMID: 39160817 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bloodstream infections are a significant threat to soldiers wounded in combat and contribute to preventable deaths. Novel and combination therapies that can be delivered on the battlefield or in lower roles of care are urgently needed to address the threat of bloodstream infection among military personnel. In this manuscript, we tested the antibacterial capability of silver ions (Ag+), with long-appreciated antibacterial properties, against ESKAPEE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter species, and Escherichia coli) pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used the GENESYS (RAIN LLC) device to deliver Ag+ to Gram-positive and Gram-negative ESKAPEE organisms grown in broth, human blood, and serum. Following the Ag+ treatment, we quantified the antibacterial effects by quantifying colony-forming units. RESULTS We found that Ag+ was bactericidal against 5 Gram-negative organisms, K pneumoniae, A baumannii, P aeruginosa, E cloacae, and E coli, and bacteriostatic against 2 Gram-positive organisms, E faecium and S aureus. The whole blood and serum inhibited the bactericidal activity of Ag+ against a common agent of bloodstream infection, P aeruginosa. Finally, when Ag+ was added in conjunction with antibiotic in the presence of whole blood, there was no significant effect of Ag+ over antibiotic alone. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed that Ag+ has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. However, the therapeutic value of Ag+ may not extend to the treatment of bloodstream infections because of the inhibition of Ag+ activity in blood and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Garry
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Rex J R Samdavid Thanapaul
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- NRC Research Associateship Programs, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Lacie M Werner
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Kariana E Rios
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Vlado Antonic
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Alexander G Bobrov
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
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Papadimitriou-Olivgeris M, Senn L, Jacot D, Guery B. Predictors of mortality of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia and the role of infectious diseases consultation and source control; a retrospective cohort study. Infection 2024:10.1007/s15010-024-02326-6. [PMID: 38900392 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine predictors of mortality among patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia. METHODS Retrospective study. SETTING This study conducted at the Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland included adult patients with P. aeruginosa bacteraemia from 2015 to 2021. RESULTS During the study period, 278 episodes of P. aeruginosa bacteraemia were included. Twenty (7%) isolates were multidrug-resistant. The most common type of infection was low respiratory tract infection (58 episodes; 21%). Sepsis was present in the majority of episodes (152; 55%). Infectious diseases consultation within 48 h of bacteraemia onset was performed in 203 (73%) episodes. Appropriate antimicrobial treatment was administered within 48 h in 257 (92%) episodes. For most episodes (145; 52%), source control was considered necessary, with 93 (64%) of them undergoing such interventions within 48 h. The 14-day mortality was 15% (42 episodes). The Cox multivariable regression model showed that 14-day mortality was associated with sepsis (P 0.002; aHR 6.58, CI 1.95-22.16), and lower respiratory tract infection (P < 0.001; aHR 4.63, CI 1.78-12.06). Conversely, interventions performed within 48 h of bacteraemia onset, such as infectious diseases consultation (P 0.036; HR 0.51, CI 0.27-0.96), and source control (P 0.009; aHR 0.17, CI 0.47-0.64) were associated with improved outcome. CONCLUSION Our findings underscore the pivotal role of early infectious diseases consultation in recommending source control interventions and guiding antimicrobial treatment for patients with P. aeruginosa bacteraemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris
- Infectious Diseases Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Infectious Diseases Service, Cantonal Hospital of Sion and Institut Central des Hôpitaux (ICH), Sion, 1951, Switzerland.
| | - Laurence Senn
- Infectious Diseases Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Jacot
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Guery
- Infectious Diseases Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Derin O, Şahin M, Dumlu R, Başgönül S, Bayrak AD, Arduç Ş, Bayram S, Mikaliyova N, Kantürk A, Öncül A, Yıldız Sevgi D, Gençer S, Bayraktar B, Dökmetaş İ, Mert A. Registry-Based Retrospective Cohort Study of Mortality among Adults Admitted to Intensive Care Units in Istanbul with Hospital Acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bloodstream-Infection between 2014-2021. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:90. [PMID: 38247649 PMCID: PMC10812563 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managing Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections (BSIs) is challenging due to increasing antimicrobial resistance, limited therapeutic options, and high mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to identify 30-day mortality risk factors and assess infectious diseases consultants' preferences for combination or monotherapy. METHODS The study was conducted in four hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey, involving 140 adult ICU beds and 336,780 ICU-bed-days between 1 January 2014, and 31 December 2021. A total of 157 patients were included in the study. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to assess the factors on 30-day mortality. RESULTS The 30-day mortality rate was 44.6% (70/157). Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, severe sepsis, primary bloodstream infection, being in COVID-19 pandemic period, and infection caused by MDR strain were associated with higher hazard of 30-day mortality. Combination therapy was more commonly used in patients with BSIs with MDR or DTR (difficult-to-treat) strains but did not significantly improve the hazard of 30-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS Targeted interventions and vigilant management strategies are crucial for patients with defined risk factors. While infectious disease consultants tended to favor combination therapy, particularly for drug-resistant strains, our analysis revealed no significant impact on 30-day mortality hazard. The increased incidence of P. aeruginosa BSIs during the pandemic emphasizes the need for infection control measures and appropriate antibiotic prescribing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Derin
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Epidemiology Doctorate Program, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815 Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.D.B.); (A.Ö.); (D.Y.S.); (İ.D.)
| | - Meyha Şahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medipol University, 34214 Istanbul, Turkey; (M.Ş.); (N.M.)
| | - Rıdvan Dumlu
- Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu Training and Research Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34384 Istanbul, Turkey; (R.D.); (S.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Sedef Başgönül
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey; (S.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Ahmet Doğukan Bayrak
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.D.B.); (A.Ö.); (D.Y.S.); (İ.D.)
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ş.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Şevval Arduç
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ş.A.); (B.B.)
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Bayram
- Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu Training and Research Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34384 Istanbul, Turkey; (R.D.); (S.B.); (A.K.)
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ş.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Nurlana Mikaliyova
- Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medipol University, 34214 Istanbul, Turkey; (M.Ş.); (N.M.)
| | - Arzu Kantürk
- Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu Training and Research Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34384 Istanbul, Turkey; (R.D.); (S.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Ahsen Öncül
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.D.B.); (A.Ö.); (D.Y.S.); (İ.D.)
| | - Dilek Yıldız Sevgi
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.D.B.); (A.Ö.); (D.Y.S.); (İ.D.)
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ş.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Serap Gençer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey; (S.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Banu Bayraktar
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ş.A.); (B.B.)
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlyas Dökmetaş
- Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey; (A.D.B.); (A.Ö.); (D.Y.S.); (İ.D.)
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ş.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Ali Mert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815 Istanbul, Turkey
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