1
|
Turchi B, Campobasso C, Nardinocchi A, Wagemans J, Torracca B, Lood C, Di Giuseppe G, Nieri P, Bertelloni F, Turini L, Ruffo V, Lavigne R, Di Luca M. Isolation and characterization of novel Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage Hesat from dairy origin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:299. [PMID: 38619619 PMCID: PMC11018700 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A novel temperate phage, named Hesat, was isolated by the incubation of a dairy strain of Staphylococcus aureus belonging to spa-type t127 with either bovine or ovine milk. Hesat represents a new species of temperate phage within the Phietavirus genus of the Azeredovirinae subfamily. Its genome has a length of 43,129 bp and a GC content of 35.11% and contains 75 predicted ORFs, some of which linked to virulence. This includes (i) a pathogenicity island (SaPln2), homologous to the type II toxin-antitoxin system PemK/MazF family toxin; (ii) a DUF3113 protein (gp30) that is putatively involved in the derepression of the global repressor Stl; and (iii) a cluster coding for a PVL. Genomic analysis of the host strain indicates Hesat is a resident prophage. Interestingly, its induction was obtained by exposing the bacterium to milk, while the conventional mitomycin C-based approach failed. The host range of phage Hesat appears to be broad, as it was able to lyse 24 out of 30 tested S. aureus isolates. Furthermore, when tested at high titer (108 PFU/ml), Hesat phage was also able to lyse a Staphylococcus muscae isolate, a coagulase-negative staphylococcal strain. KEY POINTS: • A new phage species was isolated from a Staphylococcus aureus bovine strain. • Pathogenicity island and PVL genes are encoded within phage genome. • The phage is active against most of S. aureus strains from both animal and human origins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Campobasso
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, 56127, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, Box 2462, 3001, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Arianna Nardinocchi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jeroen Wagemans
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, Box 2462, 3001, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Beatrice Torracca
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cédric Lood
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, Box 2462, 3001, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bertelloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Turini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Ruffo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, Box 2462, 3001, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Mariagrazia Di Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, 56127, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pyzik E, Urban-Chmiel R, Kurek Ł, Herman K, Stachura R, Marek A. Bacteriophages for Controlling Staphylococcus spp. Pathogens on Dairy Cattle Farms: In Vitro Assessment. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:683. [PMID: 38473068 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Staphylococcus spp. strains are significant agents involved in mastitis and in skin and limb infections in dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of bacteriophages isolated from dairy cattle housing as potential tools for maintaining environmental homeostasis. The research will contribute to the use of phages as alternatives to antibiotics. The material was 56 samples obtained from dairy cows with signs of limb and hoof injuries. Staphylococcus species were identified by phenotypic, MALDI-TOF MS and PCR methods. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the disc diffusion method. Phages were isolated from cattle housing systems. Phage activity (plaque forming units, PFU/mL) was determined on double-layer agar plates. Morphology was examined using TEM microscopy, and molecular characteristics were determined with PCR. Among 52 strains of Staphylococcus spp., 16 were used as hosts for bacteriophages. Nearly all isolates (94%, 15/16) showed resistance to neomycin, and 87% were resistant to spectinomycin. Cefuroxime and vancomycin were the most effective antibiotics. On the basis of their morphology, bacteriophages were identified as class Caudoviricetes, formerly Caudovirales, families Myoviridae-like (6), and Siphoviridae-like (9). Three bacteriophages of the family Myoviridae-like, with the broadest spectrum of activity, were used for further analysis. This study showed a wide spectrum of activity against the Staphylococcus spp. strains tested. The positive results indicate that bacteriophages can be used to improve the welfare of cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Pyzik
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Urban-Chmiel
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kurek
- Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, Sub-Department of Internal Diseases of Farm Animals and Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Herman
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Stachura
- Agromarina Company, Kulczyn-Kolonia 48, 22-235 Hańsk Pierwszy, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Marek
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pogány Simonová M, Chrastinová Ľ, Ščerbová J, Focková V, Plachá I, Tokarčíková K, Žitňan R, Lauková A. The effect of enterocin A/P dipeptide on growth performance, glutathione-peroxidase activity, IgA secretion and jejunal morphology in rabbits after experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis P3Tr2a Infection. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:507-517. [PMID: 38051451 PMCID: PMC10810977 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10277-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The increasing frequency of methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci in humans and animals need special attention for their difficult treatment and zoonotic character, therefore novel antimicrobial compounds on a natural base against antibiotic-resistant bacteria are requested. Currently, bacteriocins/enterocins present a new promising way to overcome this problem, both in prevention and treatment. Therefore, the preventive and medicinal effect of dipeptide enterocin EntA/P was evaluated against MR Staphylococcus epidermidis SEP3/Tr2a strain in a rabbit model, testing their influence on growth performance, glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity, phagocytic activity (PA), secretory (s)IgA, and jejunal morphometry (JM). Eighty-eight rabbits (aged 35 days, meat line M91, both sexes) were divided into experimental groups S (SEP3/Tr2a strain; 1.0 × 105 CFU/mL; dose 500µL/animal/day for 7 days, between days 14 and 21 to simulate the pathogen attack), E (EntA/P; 50 µL/animal/day, 25,600 AU/mL in two intervals, for preventive effect between days 0 and 14; for medicinal effect between days 28 and 42), E + S (EntA/P + SEP3/Tr2a; preventive effect; SEP3/Tr2a + EntA/P; medicinal effect) and control group (C; without additives). Higher body weight was recorded in all experimental groups (p < 0.001) compared to control data. The negative influence/attack of the SEP3Tra2 strain on the intestinal immunity and environment was reflected as decreased GPx activity, worse JM parameters and higher sIgA concentration in infected rabbits. These results suggest the promising preventive use of EntA/P to improve the immunity and growth of rabbits, as well as its therapeutic potential and protective role against staphylococcal infections in rabbit breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pogány Simonová
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice, 04001, Slovakia.
| | - Ľubica Chrastinová
- Department of Animal Nutrition, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Hlohovecká 2, Nitra-Lužianky, 95141, Slovakia
| | - Jana Ščerbová
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| | - Valentína Focková
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Plachá
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Tokarčíková
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| | - Rudolf Žitňan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Hlohovecká 2, Nitra-Lužianky, 95141, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Lauková
- Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Elbehiry A, Marzouk E, Moussa I, Anagreyyah S, AlGhamdi A, Alqarni A, Aljohani A, Hemeg HA, Almuzaini AM, Alzaben F, Abalkhail A, Alsubki RA, Najdi A, Algohani N, Abead B, Gazzaz B, Abu-Okail A. Using Protein Fingerprinting for Identifying and Discriminating Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Inpatient and Outpatient Clinics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2825. [PMID: 37685363 PMCID: PMC10486511 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In hospitals and other clinical settings, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a particularly dangerous pathogen that can cause serious or even fatal infections. Thus, the detection and differentiation of MRSA has become an urgent matter in order to provide appropriate treatment and timely intervention in infection control. To ensure this, laboratories must have access to the most up-to-date testing methods and technology available. This study was conducted to determine whether protein fingerprinting technology could be used to identify and distinguish MRSA recovered from both inpatients and outpatients. A total of 326 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 2800 in- and outpatient samples collected from King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2018 to March 2021. For the phenotypic identification of 326 probable S. aureus cultures, microscopic analysis, Gram staining, a tube coagulase test, a Staph ID 32 API system, and a Vitek 2 Compact system were used. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), referred to as protein fingerprinting, was performed on each bacterial isolate to determine its proteomic composition. As part of the analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a single-peak analysis of MALDI-TOF MS software were also used to distinguish between Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA. According to the results, S. aureus isolates constituted 326 out of 2800 (11.64%) based on the culture technique. The Staph ID 32 API system and Vitek 2 Compact System were able to correctly identify 262 (80.7%) and 281 (86.2%) S. aureus strains, respectively. Based on the Oxacillin Disc Diffusion Method, 197 (62.23%) of 326 isolates of S. aureus exhibited a cefoxitin inhibition zone of less than 21 mm and an oxacillin inhibition zone of less than 10 mm, and were classified as MRSA under Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. MALDI-TOF MS was able to correctly identify 100% of all S. aureus isolates with a score value equal to or greater than 2.00. In addition, a close relationship was found between S. aureus isolates and higher peak intensities in the mass ranges of 3990 Da, 4120 Da, and 5850 Da, which were found in MRSA isolates but absent in MSSA isolates. Therefore, protein fingerprinting has the potential to be used in clinical settings to rapidly detect and differentiate MRSA isolates, allowing for more targeted treatments and improved patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Elbehiry
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32511, Egypt
| | - Eman Marzouk
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab Moussa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Anagreyyah
- Family Medicine Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah 23311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz AlGhamdi
- Medical Director Office, North Area Armed Forces Hospital, King Khalid Military City 39747, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqarni
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Armed Forces Hospital Dhahran, Dhahran 34641, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aljohani
- Patient Affairs Department, Sharourah Armed Forces Hospital, Sharourah 68372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Hemeg
- Department of Medical Technology/Microbiology, College of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Madina 30001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras Alzaben
- Department of Food Service, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah 23311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Abalkhail
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua A. Alsubki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Najdi
- Northern Area Armed Forces Hospital, King Khalid Military City 39748, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Algohani
- Consultant Forensic Medicine, Forensic Medicine Center, Madina 42319, Saudi Arabia
| | - Banan Abead
- Support Service Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah 23311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bassam Gazzaz
- Patient Affairs Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah 23311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akram Abu-Okail
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|