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Villalba MI, Gligorovski V, Rahi SJ, Willaert RG, Kasas S. A simplified version of rapid susceptibility testing of bacteria and yeasts using optical nanomotion detection. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328923. [PMID: 38516011 PMCID: PMC10956355 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a novel optical nanomotion-based rapid antibiotic and antifungal susceptibility test. The technique consisted of studying the effects of antibiotics or antifungals on the nanometric scale displacements of bacteria or yeasts to assess their sensitivity or resistance to drugs. The technique relies on a traditional optical microscope, a video camera, and custom-made image analysis software. It provides reliable results in a time frame of 2-4 h and can be applied to motile, non-motile, fast, and slowly growing microorganisms. Due to its extreme simplicity and low cost, the technique can be easily implemented in laboratories and medical centers in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Villalba
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy (LBEM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Brussels, Switzerland
| | - Vojislav Gligorovski
- Laboratory of the Physics of Biological Systems (LPBS), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sahand J. Rahi
- Laboratory of the Physics of Biological Systems (LPBS), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ronnie G. Willaert
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Brussels, Switzerland
- Research Group Structural Biology Brussels, Alliance Research Group VUB-UGhent NanoMicrobiology (NAMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandor Kasas
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy (LBEM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL BioNanotechnology & NanoMedicine (NANO), Brussels, Switzerland
- Centre Universitaire Romand de Médecine Légale (UFAM), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Andrade-Pinheiro JC, Sobral de Souza CE, Ribeiro DA, Silva ADA, da Silva VB, dos Santos ATL, Juno Alencar Fonseca V, de Macêdo DG, da Cruz RP, Almeida-Bezerra JW, Machado AJT, de Freitas TS, de Brito ES, Ribeiro PRV, da Costa JGM, Coutinho HDM, Kowalska G, Rowiński R, Kowalski R, Morais-Braga MFB. LC-MS Analysis and Antifungal Activity of Turnera subulata Sm. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:415. [PMID: 36679128 PMCID: PMC9862381 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fungi of the Candida genus are responsible for invasive candidiasis, which affects people all over the world and has high mortality rates. This is due to their virulence factors, which give them great resistance and pathogenicity. In addition, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains makes it difficult to treat these infections. In this way, natural products have emerged as an alternative to standard drugs, where plants known for their medicinal properties such as Turnera subulata become attractive to research. The present work aimed to analyze the ethanol extract of Turnera subulata leaves against standard strains of Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis using broth microdilution techniques. The identification of the compounds in T. subulata leaves by LC-MS revealed the presence of a wide variety of substances such as carboxylic acids and terpenes, with flavonoids and fatty acids being more evident. The antifungal assays showed that the extract was not able to inhibit the growth of the tested strains at concentrations with a clinical relevance. However, at higher concentrations, it was able to inhibit the fungal dimorphism of C. albicans and C. tropicalis. It is possible that the T. subulata extract has potential as an inhibitor of fungal virulence factors without affecting the cell viability. Further research should be carried out in order to assess its inhibitory potential for other fungal virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Cosmo Andrade-Pinheiro
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
- Laboratório de Bioensaios, Federal University of Cariri (UFCA), R. Olegário Emidio de Araujo, s/n, Centro, Brejo Santo 63260-000, Brazil
| | | | - Daiany Alves Ribeiro
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Alencar Silva
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
| | - Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Juno Alencar Fonseca
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
| | - Delmacia Gonçalves de Macêdo
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira da Cruz
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Sampaio de Freitas
- Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Av. Cel Antônio Luis, 1161, Pimenta, Crato 63105-010, Brazil
| | - Edy Sousa de Brito
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Tropical R. Pernambuco, 2270-Pici, Fortaleza 60511-110, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Grażyna Kowalska
- Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Rowiński
- Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radosław Kowalski
- Department of Analysis and Food Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Str., 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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Almeida-Bezerra JW, Rodrigues FC, Lima Bezerra JJ, Vieira Pinheiro AA, Almeida de Menezes S, Tavares AB, Costa AR, Augusta de Sousa Fernandes P, Bezerra da Silva V, Martins da Costa JG, Pereira da Cruz R, Bezerra Morais-Braga MF, Melo Coutinho HD, Teixeira de Albergaria E, Meiado MV, Siyadatpanah A, Kim B, Morais de Oliveira AF. Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities of Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:3829180. [PMID: 35310039 PMCID: PMC8930220 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3829180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze is a species widely used traditionally in the treatment of ailments, such as stomach pain, hemorrhoids, cough, verminosis, ulcer, liver disease, fever, influenza, nasal congestion, and inflammation. This review aims to provide a survey of available information on seven international electronic databases (Google Scholar, Medline, ResearchGate, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed) about botanical aspects, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of M. suaveolens. Mesosphaerum suaveolens is a tropical America native species, but it can be found in several parts of the world as a ruderal plant. The species is the most studied species of the genus Lamiaceae due its phytochemical aspect, especially regarding the chemical composition of its essential oil. Besides the essential oils, M. suaveolens is a source of numerous secondary compounds such as triterpenes, diterpenes, and phenolic compounds, which are related to its biological activities, such as allelopathic, antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, and larvicidal activities as described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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de Freitas MA, da Cruz RP, dos Santos ATL, Almeida-Bezerra JW, Machado AJT, dos Santos JFS, Rocha JE, Boligon AA, Bezerra CF, de Freitas TS, do Nascimento Silva MK, Mendonça ACAM, da Costa JGM, Coutinho HDM, da Cunha FAB, Filho JR, Morais-Braga MFB. HPLC-DAD analysis and antimicrobial activities of Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae). 3 Biotech 2022; 12:61. [PMID: 35186658 PMCID: PMC8818589 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondias mombin is used in the folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery, indicating that extracts obtained from this species may present pharmacological activities against pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this work was to investigate the chemical composition and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from the leaves (aqueous) and bark (hydroethanolic) of S. mombin both as single treatments and in combination with conventional drugs. Following a qualitative chemical prospection, the extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The antimicrobial activities were evaluated by microdilution. The combined activity of drugs and extracts was verified by adding a subinhibitory concentration of the extract in the presence of variable drug concentrations. The Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was determined by a subculture of the microdilution test, while the effect of the in vitro treatments on morphological transition was analyzed by subculture in moist chambers. While the qualitative analysis detected the presence of phenols and flavonoids, the HPLC analysis identified quercetin, caffeic acid, and catechin as major components in the leaf extract, whereas kaempferol and quercetin were found as major compounds in the bark extract. The extracts showed effective antibacterial activities only against the Gram-negative strains. With regard to the combined activity, the leaf extract potentiated the action of gentamicin and imipenem (against Staphylococcus aureus), while the bark extract potentiated the effect of norfloxacin (against S. aureus), imipenem (against Escherichia coli), and norfloxacin (against Pseudomonas aeruginosa). A more significant antifungal (fungistatic) effect was achieved with the bark extract (even though at high concentrations), which further enhanced the activity of fluconazole. The extracts also inhibited the emission of filaments by Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. Together, these findings suggest that that the extract constituents may act by favoring the permeability of microbial cells to conventional drugs, as well as by affecting virulence mechanisms in Candida strains.
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Bezerra JN, Gomez MCV, Rolón M, Coronel C, Almeida-Bezerra JW, Fidelis KR, Menezes SAD, Cruz RPD, Duarte AE, Ribeiro PRV, Brito ESD, Coutinho HDM, Morais-Braga MFB, Bezerra CF. Chemical composition, Evaluation of Antiparasitary and Cytotoxic Activity of the essential oil of Psidium brownianum MART EX. DC. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Phytochemical profile and anti-Candida and cytotoxic potential of Anacardium occidentale L. (cashew tree). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091074. [PMID: 34572656 PMCID: PMC8464673 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth (Euphorbiaceae), whose occurrence has already been registered in the most varied Brazilian biomes, is commonly found in the Chapada do Araripe, Ceará. The species is traditionally used to treat fungal, parasitic, and degenerative diseases. This study investigated the chemical composition and pharmacological potential (antioxidant, antifungal, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic) of an aqueous extract obtained from the roots of C. heliotropiifolius. Following a qualitative phytochemical screening, the chemical constituents were identified by ultra-efficiency liquid chromatography coupled witha quadrupole/time-of-flight system (UPLC-QTOF). The antioxidant potential was verified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The direct and combined antifungal activity of the extract against opportunistic Candida strains was investigated using the microdilution method. The minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined by subculture, while the modulation of the morphological transition (fungal virulence) was evaluated by light microscopy. The in vitro antiparasitic activity was analyzed using epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi and promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum, while cytotoxicity was determined in cultures of mouse fibroblasts. The phytochemical analysis identified the presence of acids, terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, and alkaloids. Among these constituents, the presence of polar and non-polar phenolic compounds with known antioxidant action was highlighted. While the extract showed clinically ineffective antifungal effects, it could enhance the effectiveness of fluconazole, in addition to inhibiting the morphological transition associated with increased virulence in Candida strains. Although the extract showed low cytotoxicity against fibroblasts, it also had weak antiparasitic effects. In conclusion, Croton heliotropiifolius is a source of natural products with antifungal and antioxidant potential.
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Silva JDL, Pereira PS, Oliveira CVB, de Freitas MA, Silva JRDL, Costa AR, Oliveira-Tintino CDDM, Braga MFBM, Duarte AE, Coutinho HDM, Barros LM. Study of the capacity of the essential oil of Lantana montevidensis to modulate the action of fluconazole on Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis strains. J Mycol Med 2021; 31:101171. [PMID: 34224939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, fungal infections have been increasing, as well as the indiscriminate use of large-scale antifungal. The objective of the present study was to characterize the chemical components of L. montevidensis leaf essential oil (EOLm) and evaluate its antifungal potential and fluconazole modulating activity against Candida strains. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and its chemical components were determined by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. The antifungal activity was determined by the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. The modulatory activity of fluconazole by the oil (EOLm) was evaluated against the four Candida strains. Our results demonstrated a predominance of β-Caryophyllene (34.96%) and Germacrene D (25.49%), while (E)-Caryophyllene (0.08%) and δ-Cadinene (0.13%) were the minor constituents. For the antifungal activity, it was evidenced that the EOLm did not inhibit the growth of Candida albicans (CA LM 77 and CA INQS 40006) and Candida tropicalis (CT INCQS 40042 and CT LM 23), but, potentiated the effect of fluconazole in particular against C. tropicalis, although the FIC index indicates indifferent modulation for all strains tested. This study strongly suggests that administration of the fluconazole in combination with plant essential oils can provide a new opportunity to improve the outcome of the drug effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Silvino Pereira
- Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Audilene de Freitas
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory - LMBM, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonia Eliene Duarte
- Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
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Bridi H, de Carvalho Meirelles G, Lino von Poser G. Subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae): A promising source of bioactive metabolites. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113225. [PMID: 32763419 PMCID: PMC7403033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The subtribe Hyptidinae contains approximately 400 accepted species distributed in 19 genera (Hyptis, Eriope, Condea, Cantinoa, Mesosphaerum, Cyanocephalus, Hypenia, Hyptidendron, Oocephalus, Medusantha, Gymneia, Marsypianthes, Leptohyptis, Martianthus, Asterohyptis, Eplingiella, Physominthe, Eriopidion and Rhaphiodon). This is the Lamiaceae clade with the largest number of species in Brazil and high rates of endemism. Some species have been used in different parts of the world mainly as insecticides/pest repellents, wound healing and pain-relief agents, as well as for the treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to discuss the current status concerning the taxonomy, ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and biological properties of species which compose the subtribe Hyptidinae. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information was collected from scientific databases (ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, ChemSpider, SciFinder ACS Publications, Wiley Online Library), as well as other literature sources (e.g. books, theses). RESULTS The phytochemical investigations of plants of this subtribe have led to the identification of almost 300 chemical constituents of different classes such as diterpenes, triterpenes, lignans, α-pyrones, flavonoids, phenolic acids and monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, as components of essential oils. Extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds showed a series of biological activities such as insecticide/repellent, antimicrobial and antinociceptive, justifying some of the popular uses of the plants. In addition, a very relevant fact is that several species produce podophyllotoxin and related lignans. CONCLUSION Several species of Hyptidinae are used in folk medicine for treating many diseases but only a small fraction of the species has been explored and most of the traditional uses have not been validated by current investigations. In addition, the species of the subtribe appear to be very promising as alternative sources of podophyllotoxin-like lignans which are the lead compounds for the semi-synthesis of teniposide and etoposide, important antineoplastic agents. Thus, there is a wide-open door for future studies, both to support the popular uses of the plants and to find new biologically active compounds in this large number of species not yet explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bridi
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Carvalho Meirelles
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Iriti M, Vitalini S, Varoni EM. Humans, Animals, Food and Environment: One Health Approach against Global Antimicrobial Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E346. [PMID: 32575431 PMCID: PMC7345057 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance represents one of the most relevant threats to global public health and food security, affecting anyone, of any age, in any country and is responsible for longer hospital stays, higher medical costs and increased mortality. Resistant microorganisms are present in humans, animals, food and the environment, and, therefore, the One Health approach is very promising to counteract antimicrobial resistance, since human health and animal health are connected to each other and with the environment and the latter a potential source of resistant microorganisms. In this context, the need for novel antimicrobial drugs has stimulated the exploration of plant products as a source of novel phytotherapeutics able to reverse antimicrobial resistance when used in combination with conventional antibiotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vitalini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milan State University, via Beldiletto 1/3, 20122 Milan, Italy;
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