Application of Rank Annihilation Factor Analysis for Antibacterial Drugs Determination by Means of pH Gradual Change-UV Spectral Data

Adsorption effects of electron scavengers and inorganic ions on catalysts for catalytic oxidation of sulfamethoxazole in radiation treatment

This study aimed to investigate adsorption effects of electron scavengers (H2O2 and S2O82-) on oxidation performance for mineralization of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in radiation treatment using catalysts (Al2O3, TiO2). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 1 mM) as an electron scavenger showed weak adsorption onto catalysts (0.012 mmol g-1-Al2O3 and 0.004 mmol g-1-TiO2, respectively), leading to an increase in TOC removal efficiency of SMX within the absorbed dose of 30 kGy by 12.3% with Al2O3 and by 8.0% with TiO2. The weak adsorption of H2O2 onto the catalyst allowed it to act as an electron scavenger, promoting indirect decomposition reactions. However, high adsorption of S2O82- (1 mM) onto Al2O3 (0.266 mmol g-1-Al2O3) showed a decrease in TOC removal efficiency of SMX from 76.2% to 30.2% within the absorbed dose of 30 kGy. The high adsorption of S2O82- onto the catalyst inhibited direct decomposition reaction by reducing adsorption of SMX on catalysts. TOC removal efficiency for Al2O3 without electron scavengers in an acidic condition was higher than that in a neutral or alkaline condition. However, TOC removal efficiency for Al2O3 with S2O82- was higher in a neutral condition than in other pH conditions. This indicates that the pH of a solution plays a critical role in the catalytic oxidation performance by determining surface charges of catalysts and yield of reactive radicals produced from water radiolysis. In the radiocatalytic system, H2O2 enhances the oxidation performance of catalysts (Al2O3 and TiO2) over a wide pH range (3-11). Meanwhile, S2O82- is not suitable with Al2O3 in acidic conditions because of its strong adsorption onto Al2O3 in this study.

State of Art and Perspectives in Catalytic Ozonation for Removal of Organic Pollutants in Water: Influence of Process and Operational Parameters

The number of organic pollutants detected in water and wastewater is continuously increasing thus causing additional concerns about their impact on public and environmental health. Therefore, catalytic processes have gained interest as they can produce radicals able to degrade recalcitrant micropollutants. Specifically, catalytic ozonation has received considerable attention due to its ability to achieve advanced treatment performances at reduced ozone doses. This study surveys and summarizes the application of catalytic ozonation in water and wastewater treatment, paying attention to both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. This review integrates bibliometric analysis using VOS viewer with systematic paper reviews, to obtain detailed summary tables where process and operational parameters relevant to catalytic ozonation are reported. New insights emerging from heterogeneous and homogenous catalytic ozonation applied to water and wastewater treatment for the removal of organic pollutants in water have emerged and are discussed in this paper. Finally, the activities of a variety of heterogeneous catalysts have been assessed using their chemical–physical parameters such as point of zero charge (PZC), pKa, and pH, which can determine the effect of the catalysts (positive or negative) on catalytic ozonation processes.

Correlation Analysis and Application of Respiratory and Lung Diseases in Pediatrics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Factor Analysis Method

Many scholars have studied the influencing factors of children’s lung infection, whether it is the region or the environment, or the living air quality of the mother during pregnancy. Western medicine is the most frequently used medicine, but Chinese medicine has more remarkable characteristics in treating children’s lung diseases. For viral invasive diseases, people often use antibiotics to treat them. Children’s lung conditions are too fragile, and taking antibiotics will lead to the damage of Staphylococcus in the lungs, resulting in pulmonary respiratory insufficiency. Although the conditioning time of traditional Chinese medicine is longer than that of western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine will not cause secondary damage to the lungs. In this paper, we introduce factor analysis and principal component analysis and compare the performance of the three analysis methods by using data such as cure rate, improvement rate, mortality rate, and drug taking frequency as evaluation indexes. In the model comparison, the accuracy rate of factor analysis method is over 97%, while the error rate is below 5%. Compared with the other two analysis methods, this method has a better application effect. Finally, we compare the comprehensive scores of eigenvalues of the three analysis methods. From 2016 to 2021, the comprehensive scores of factor analysis gradually increased.