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Barnhart L, Balzer C, Criswell S. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in routine adult tonsillectomies. Biotech Histochem 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39177030 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2389535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a curved bacterial rod and causative agent of peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma, is found as an infectious agent in the stomach of over half of the global population. H. pylori has been identified in oral biofilms and its presence in adenotonsillar tissues has been suggested, with variations in testing methodology both proving and disproving its presence. The current study employed 119 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tonsillar tissues from an adult population (n=86) in a major metropolitan city with immunohistochemistry procedures using a monoclonal antibody to determine the incidence of H. pylori in the tonsils. H. pylori was identified in 72.1% of the patients and was associated with Actinomyces spp. in 92.0% of those cases. The high incidence of H. pylori in patients undergoing tonsillectomy suggests that H. pylori may be a contributing factor for tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy. Furthermore, the reservoir for H. pylori in the tonsils may explain why some persons remain refractory to antibiotic treatment for gastric H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leica Barnhart
- Diagnostic and Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Chloe Balzer
- Diagnostic and Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sheila Criswell
- Diagnostic and Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Liu J, Wu H, Qiu J, Yang S, Xiang D, Zhang X, Kuang J, Xiao M, Yu Q, Cheng X. Novel bioactive nanospheres show effective antibacterial effect against multiple endodontic pathogens. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28266. [PMID: 38560113 PMCID: PMC10979287 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The current study evaluated the antibacterial activity of a newly developed quaternary ammonium polymethacrylate (QAPM)-containing bioactive glasses (BGs) via a two-step method by our group, namely BGs-HAEMB, and explored its cytotoxicity and biocompatibility. Methods The antibacterial effects of the BGs-HAEMB against planktonic bacteria, bacterial biofilm formation, and experimental root canal biofilms of persistent pathogens (Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus sanguis and Porphyromonas endodontalis) associated with endodontic infection were evaluated in vitro by agar diffusion tests, direct contact tests and live/dead staining. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of BGs-HAEMB were evaluated by CCK-8 assays in vitro and a skin implantation model in vivo. Results Compared to three clinically used endodontic sealers (Endofill, AH Plus, and iRoot SP), BGs-HAEMB exhibited the relatively strongest antibacterial effect against E. faecalis, S. sanguis and P. endodontalis after sitting for 14 and 28 days (P < 0.01). SEM images and CLSM images also showed that for each tested bacteria, BGs-HAEMB killed the most microorganism among all the experimental groups, regardless of treatment for 7 days or 28 days (P < 0.05). Besides, the BGs-HAEMB-treated groups showed a relatively low cytotoxicity (RGRs ranging from 88.6% to 102.9%) after 1, 3, and 7 days of exposure. Meanwhile, after 28 days of implantation, the inflammatory grade in BGs-HAEMB treated group was assessed as Grade I, in which the average numbers of inflammatory cells (6.7 ± 2.1) were less than 25. Conclusions BGs-HAEMB exerted a long-term and stable antibacterial effect. The remarkable biocompatibility of BGs-HAEMB in vitro and in vivo confirmed its possible clinical application as a potential alternative in the development of the next generation of endodontic sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
- Department of Stomatology, Huangshan City People's Hospital, Huangshan, 245000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Haoze Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Sirui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Doudou Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jinxin Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Min Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
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Marques-Ferreira M, Abrantes AM, Paula A, Laranjo M, Pires AS, Caramelo F, Segura-Egea JJ, Brito A, Carvalho L, Botelho MF, Carrilho E, Marto CM, Paulo S. The Role of Apical Periodontitis Disease in the Development of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: An Animal Study. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:168. [PMID: 37504234 PMCID: PMC10377877 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microorganisms and their by-products are responsible for establishing pulpal and periapical diseases. Healing is compromised in patients under bisphosphonate therapy, and the presence of periapical infections can potentially lead to the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This work aimed to evaluate if bisphosphonate therapy is a risk factor for MRONJ development in the presence of periapical lesions. METHODS Two groups of 10 female Wistar rats were used. The experimental group received zoledronate (0.1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, and the control received a saline solution, three times a week for three weeks. One week after the last injection, apical periodontitis was induced through pulpal exposure in the mandibular first molars. Twenty-one days later, the animals were intravenously injected with 99mTc-HMDP, and the radioactivity uptake by mandibular specimens was counted. In addition, sample radiographs and a histological examination were performed. RESULTS The bone loss was higher in the control group when compared to the experimental group (p = 0.027). 99mTc-HMDP uptake in the control was reduced compared with the experimental group, although without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS In the presence of zoledronate therapy, apical periodontitis does not increase the risk of MRONJ development, and periapical lesions have lower bone resorption when compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Marques-Ferreira
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Paula
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory for Evidence-Based Sciences and Precision Dentistry (LACBE-MDP), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Pires
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juan José Segura-Egea
- Department of Stomatology (Endodontics Section), University of Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Brito
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. of Coimbra, IAP, Faculty of Medicine, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eunice Carrilho
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory for Evidence-Based Sciences and Precision Dentistry (LACBE-MDP), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory for Evidence-Based Sciences and Precision Dentistry (LACBE-MDP), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. of Coimbra, Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Siri Paulo
- Univ. Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
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The Potential of Phenothiazines against Endodontic Pathogens: A Focus on Enterococcus-Candida Dual-Species Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11111562. [PMID: 36358217 PMCID: PMC9686549 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent apical periodontitis occurs when the endodontic treatment fails to eradicate the intraradicular infection, and is mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, such as Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans, respectively. Phenothiazines have been described as potential antimicrobials against bacteria and fungi. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of promethazine (PMZ) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) against E. faecalis and C. albicans dual-species biofilms. The susceptibility of planktonic cells to phenothiazines, chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was initially analyzed by broth microdilution. Interaction between phenothiazines and CHX was examined by chequerboard assay. The effect of NaOCl, PMZ, CPZ, CHX, PMZ + CHX, and CPZ + CHX on biofilms was investigated by susceptibility assays, biochemical and morphological analyses. Results were evaluated through one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison post-test. PMZ, alone or in combination with irrigants, was the most efficient phenothiazine, capable of reducing cell counts, biomass, biovolume, carbohydrate and protein contents of dual-species biofilms. Neither PMZ nor CPZ increased the antimicrobial activity of CHX. Further investigations of the properties of phenothiazines should be performed to encourage their use in endodontic clinical practice.
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Zhang JL, Yun J, Yue L, Du W, Liang YH. Distinctive microbiota distribution from healthy oral to post-treatment apical periodontitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:980157. [PMID: 36159649 PMCID: PMC9492884 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.980157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-treatment apical periodontitis (PoAP) occurs when root canal treatment has not adequately eliminated bacterial invasion and infection. Yet little is known about the bacterial composition and changes related to the etiology and pathogenesis of PoAP. In this study, clinical samples classified as root apex (HARD) and periapical granulation tissues (SOFT) were separately collected from 10 patients with PoAP. The microbiota of each sample was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the obtained dataset was coanalyzed with 20 NCBI sequence read archive (SRA) datasets of healthy oral (HO) and primary apical periodontitis (PAP). We observed 2522 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 29 phyla, and all samples shared 86.5% of the sequence reads. The OTUs affiliated with Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria, were identified as core microbiota, which accounted for nearly 90% of 16S rRNA sequences in all samples. However, the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) of the beta diversity demonstrated that the three periapical statuses have distinct microbial compositions. Compared with HO and PoAP, Actinomyces has a significantly increased abundance in PAP. The microbial diversities in PoAP were significantly lower than those in the HO and PAP (p<0.05). The relative abundance of most bacterial taxa was decreasing, except that Clostridia and Synergistia were increased. Furthermore, we explored the potential metabolic differences of the microbial communities by KEGG pathway prediction. We revealed that the microbiota of PoAP might have a more active metabolic capacity, including carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and enzyme cofactor/carrier biosynthesis (p<0.05). Our study revealed that invasion of opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridia and Synergistia might play a significant role in PoAP, thus guiding the further study of complex microbial-host interactions and the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Lin Zhang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Juanli Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yue
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School and College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu-Hong Liang, ; Wenbin Du,
| | - Yu-Hong Liang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu-Hong Liang, ; Wenbin Du,
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Mario D, Mario A, Allegra C, Andrea B, Giuseppe T, Milena C, Annalisa M, Lorenzo B, Lorenzo LM, Nicola S. The influence of indirect bonded restorations on clinical prognosis of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater 2022; 38:e203-e219. [PMID: 35835608 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The loss of the dental coronal portion following carious lesions or fractures leads to endodontic treatment with subsequent restoration to ensure correct anatomy and function. Recently, partial adhesive restorations have been widely proposed to increase the survival rate of endodontically treated teeth. The primary purpose of this review is to assess the failure rate of indirect partial adhesive restorations on endodontically treated teeth (ETT), considering the follow-up period. METHODS The indications reported in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) were used to draft the present review. The study was constructed on PICO questions: population (patients who need indirect adhesive restorative treatment on endodontically treated teeth with onlay and overlay), intervention (onlay and overlay), control (patients with onlay and overlay on endodontically treated teeth) and outcome (failure rate and types of failure for onlay and overlay). The asked scientific question was: what are the failure rate and types of failure for adhesive indirect partial restorations on ETT? RESULTS The overall failure rate that emerges is 0.087 with a ratio of 121/1254, I2 80 % p-value< 0.001. Moreover, by meta-regression with covariates the follow-up period reports a coefficient of 0.013 with a P-value< 0.001. In conclusion, the indirect partial restorations on endodontically treated teeth displayed overall acceptable outcomes in terms of success from 2 to 4 years after their placement with only 4.32 % of failure. Failures increase after 7 years up to 12-30 years with failure rates of approximatively 10.65 % and 20.94 %. The analysis of the included articles reporting the causes of restorations failures showed that 15.51 % of cases were related to the loss of dental element. SIGNIFICANCE Besides the survival rates of indirect adhesive restorations on endodontically treated posterior teeth, it was highlighted that the majority of failures appeared restorable. Thus, partial restorations seemed able to prevent the ETT tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dioguardi Mario
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alovisi Mario
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Comba Allegra
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Baldi Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Troiano Giuseppe
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Cadenaro Milena
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Mazzoni Annalisa
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Breschi Lorenzo
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lo Muzio Lorenzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy(;)
| | - Scotti Nicola
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School Lingotto, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Fiallos NDM, Aguiar ALR, Nascimento da Silva B, Rocha MFG, Sidrim JJC, Castelo Branco de Souza Collares Maia D, Cordeiro RDA. Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans dual-species biofilm: establishment of an in vitro protocol and characterization. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:401-413. [PMID: 35655421 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2084612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is the most important agent of persistent apical periodontitis, and recently, Candida albicans has also been implicated in periapical infections. This study aimed to optimize an in vitro E. faecalis and C. albicans dual-species biofilm protocol for endodontic research. Different physicochemical conditions for biofilm formation were tested. Susceptibility assays to antimicrobials, biochemical composition and an ultra-morphological structure analyses were performed. Reproducible dual-species biofilms were established in BHI medium at 35 °C, for 48 h and in a microaerophilic atmosphere. An increase in biomass and chitin content was detected after vancomycin treatment. Structural analysis revealed that the dual-species biofilm was formed by both microorganisms adhered to the substrate. The proposed protocol could be useful for the study of interkingdom relationships and help to find new strategies against periapical infections.
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Abdominopelvic Actinomycosis—The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge of the Most Misdiagnosed Disease. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030447. [PMID: 35330198 PMCID: PMC8954618 DOI: 10.3390/life12030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominopelvic actinomycosis is a rare chronic or subacute bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces israelii, a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that normally colonizes the digestive and genital tracts, clinically presented as an inflammatory mass or abscess formation. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of the patients from our clinic with abdominopelvic actinomycosis who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2022. In this period, 28 cases (9 men and 19 women) were treated. The mean age was 43.36 years and they were hospitalized for abdominopelvic tumors or inflammatory tumors in 15 cases and inflammatory disease in 13 cases. Results: Causes of actinomycosis in the studied group were an intra-uterine contraceptive device in 17 cases, foreign bodies in 2 cases, diabetes in 4 cases, stenting of the bile duct in 1 case, and immunodepression. For 6 patients, we performed surgery by open approach and for 21 patients by a laparoscopic approach. For nine patients, abdominopelvic actinomycosis had been mimicking a colon malignancy (cecum and ascending colon, four cases; transverse colon, two cases; and on the greater omentum, three cases) and for six patients, a pelvic tumor (advanced ovarian cancer). After surgery the patients underwent specific treatment with antibiotics, with good results. In two cases we discovered and treated hepatic actinomycosis, one case by a laparoscopic approach and one case by a percutaneous approach. In our lot we noticed three recurrences that required reintervention in patients who had had short-term antibiotics due to non-compliance with treatment out of four such cases. Conclusions: For abdominopelvic malignancies, actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis, as well as for inflammatory bowel diseases and bowel obstructions. We have a wide range of patients considering the rarity of this condition. Long-term antibiotics are necessary to prevent recurrence.
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Hou Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Tan X, Huang D, Song D. Potential relationship between clinical symptoms and the root canal microbiomes of root filled teeth based on the next-generation sequencing. Int Endod J 2021; 55:18-29. [PMID: 34592001 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the microorganism in root canal systems of root filled teeth with periapical disease and their relationship with clinical symptoms using next-generation sequencing. METHODOLOGY The roots of 10 extracted teeth were collected from 10 patients who presented with post-treatment apical periodontitis (PTAP; six with symptoms and four without symptoms). Each root was divided horizontally into two parts (apical and coronal segments) and cryo-pulverized. Microbial communities were detected using 16S rDNA hypervariable V3-V4 region. The diversity, principal coordinate analysis and linear discriminant analysis effect size were performed in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups (apical and coronal parts respectively). A Mann-Whitney test and an analysis of similarities were applied for intergroup analysis, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS A total of 23 phyla, 257 genera and 425 species were detected. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in all samples. Three phyla (Fusobacteria, Synergistetes and unidentified_Bacteria) and seven genera (Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Phocaeicola, Olsenella, Campylobacter, Tannerella and Fretibacterium) were significantly more abundant in the symptomatic patients (p < .05), whereas asymptomatic patients had more Sphingomonas. The species more significantly abundant in the symptomatic samples were Porphyromonas gingivalis, Phocaeicola abscessus, Campylobacter showae, Tannerella forsythia and Olsenella uli (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS A greater microbial diversity was observed in root filled teeth with PTAP compared to earlier reports. Several genera and species in root canal systems might be associated with clinical symptoms of PTAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuelian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongzhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Actinomyces Infections: What Have We Learned? Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020151. [PMID: 33546209 PMCID: PMC7913296 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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