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Dhar P, Moodithaya S, Patil P, Adithi K. A hypothesis: MiRNA-124 mediated regulation of sirtuin 1 and vitamin D receptor gene expression accelerates aging. Aging Med (Milton) 2024; 7:320-327. [PMID: 38975301 PMCID: PMC11222741 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Specific miRNAs are evident to be overexpressed with age, lifestyle, and environmental changes. Previous studies reported miR-124 overexpression in different scenarios in aged skin, age-related cognitive impairment, ischemic heart disease, muscle atrophy, and fractures. Thus miR-124 was considered to be a reliable miRNA target to establish a hypothesis on aging epigenome. Parallelly the hypothesis focuses on the expression of SIRT1 and VDR genes as a target for this specific miRNA expression as these genes were believed to be related to aging. This study aims to derive facts and evidence from past studies on aging. The objective was to establish a hypothetical linkage between miR-124 with age-related genes like SIRT1 and VDR. Methods An in silico search was performed in the TargetScan and miRbase databases to analyze the aging-associated miRNAs and their gene targets, the Python seaborn library was used, and the results were represented in terms of a bar plot. Results Based on an in silico analysis and studies available in the literature, we identified that miR-124-3p.1 and miR-124-3p.2 targets 3' UTR of VDR and SIRT1 genes, and hence thereby indicates that the miR-124 can regulate the expression of these genes. Further, few in vitro research studies have observed that miR-124 overexpression leads to the downregulation of VDR and SIRT1 gene expression. These results indicate that the suppression of these target genes accelerates early aging and age-related disorders. Conclusions Overall, this study hypothesizes that the overexpression of miR-124 diminishes the expression of VDR and SIRT1 genes, and thereby advances the process of aging, resulting in the development of age-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Dhar
- Department of PhysiologyK. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Shailaja Moodithaya
- Department of PhysiologyK. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research LaboratoryK. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Kellarai Adithi
- Department of General MedicineJustice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
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Balta V, Đikić D, Landeka Jurčević I, Odeh D, Oršolić N, Ferara N, Dilber D, Dragičević P, Dragović-Uzelac V. The Effect of a High-Protein Diet Supplemented with Blackthorn Flower Extract on Polyphenol Bioavailability and Antioxidant Status in the Organs of C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4066. [PMID: 37764849 PMCID: PMC10535945 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of polyphenols are based on their bioavailability, which is why a significant portion of research focuses on factors that affect their bioavailability. Previous studies suggest that the intake of polyphenols along with macronutrients in food represents one of the key factors influencing the bioavailability of polyphenols and, consequently, their biological activity in the organism. Since polyphenols in the human diet are mainly consumed in food together with macronutrients, this study investigated the in vivo absorption, metabolism, and distribution of polyphenolic compounds from the water extract of blackthorn flower (Prunus spinosa L.) in combination with a protein-enriched diet in the organs (small intestine, liver, kidney) of C57BL/6 mice. The bioaccumulation of polyphenol molecules, biologically available maximum concentrations of individual groups of polyphenol molecules, and their effect on the oxidative/antioxidative status of organs were also examined. The results of this study indicate increased bioabsorption and bioavailability of flavan-3-ols (EC, EGCG) and reduced absorption kinetics of certain polyphenols from the groups of flavonols, flavones, and phenolic acids in the organs of C57BL/6 mice after intragastric administration of the water extract of blackthorn flower (Prunus spinosa L.) in combination with a diet enriched with whey proteins. Furthermore, subchronic intake of polyphenols from the water extract of blackthorn flower (Prunus spinosa L.) in combination with a diet enriched with whey proteins induces the synthesis of total glutathione (tGSH) in the liver and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver and small intestine. The results of this study suggest potential applications in the development of functional foods aimed at achieving the optimal health status of the organism and the possibility of reducing the risk of oxidative stress-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Balta
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Đ.); (D.O.); (N.O.)
| | - Domagoj Đikić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Đ.); (D.O.); (N.O.)
| | - Irena Landeka Jurčević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.L.J.); (V.D.-U.)
| | - Dyana Odeh
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Đ.); (D.O.); (N.O.)
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Đ.); (D.O.); (N.O.)
| | - Nikola Ferara
- Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, Vinogradska Cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Dario Dilber
- Magdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular Diseases, Ljudevita Gaja 2, 49217 Krapinske Toplice, Croatia;
| | - Petar Dragičević
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 12 Kišpatićeva St, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Verica Dragović-Uzelac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.L.J.); (V.D.-U.)
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Silvestrini A, Giordani C, Bonacci S, Giuliani A, Ramini D, Matacchione G, Sabbatinelli J, Di Valerio S, Pacetti D, Procopio AD, Procopio A, Rippo MR. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Olive Leaf Extract and Its Bioactive Compounds Oleacin and Oleuropein-Aglycone on Senescent Endothelial and Small Airway Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1509. [PMID: 37627504 PMCID: PMC10451521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive tree by-products have been deeply studied as an invaluable source of bioactive compounds. Several in vitro and in vivo studies showed that olive leaf extract (OLE) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Here, we wanted to assess the valuable benefits of two less-studied OLE components-3,4-DHPEA-EDA (Oleacin, OC) and 3,4-DHPEA-EA (Oleuropein-Aglycone, OA)-directly purified from OLE using a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable method, in line with the principles of circular economy. OLE, OC and OA were then tested in human cellular models involved in acute and chronic inflammation and in the pathogenesis of viral infections, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated monocyte/macrophages (THP-1) and endothelial cells (HUVECs), senescent HUVECs and Poly(I:C)-treated small airway epithelial cells (hSAECs). Results showed that OC and OA are efficient in ameliorating almost all of the pro-inflammatory readouts (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, ICAM, VCAM) and reducing the release of IL-6 in all the cellular models. In hSAECs, they also modulate the expression of SOD2, NF-kB and also ACE2 and TMPRSS2, whose expression is required for SARS-CoV-2 virus entry. Overall, these data suggest the usefulness of OLE, OC and OA in controlling or preventing inflammatory responses, in particular those associated with viral respiratory infections and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Silvestrini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
| | - Chiara Giordani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
| | - Deborah Ramini
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS—National Institute for the Care of the Elderly (INRCA), 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Giulia Matacchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
| | - Silvia Di Valerio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
| | - Deborah Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS—National Institute for the Care of the Elderly (INRCA), 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy (J.S.)
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Milani F, Bottoni M, Bardelli L, Colombo L, Colombo PS, Bruschi P, Giuliani C, Fico G. Remnants from the Past: From an 18th Century Manuscript to 21st Century Ethnobotany in Valle Imagna (Bergamo, Italy). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2748. [PMID: 37514363 PMCID: PMC10386062 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This project originated from the study of an 18th century manuscript found in Valle Imagna (Bergamo, Italy) which contains 200 plant-based medicinal remedies. A first comparison with published books concerning 20th century folk medicine in the Valley led to the designing of an ethnobotanical investigation, aimed at making a thorough comparison between past and current phytotherapy knowledge in this territory. METHODS The field investigation was conducted through semi-structured interviews. All data collected was entered in a database and subsequently processed. A diachronic comparison between the field results, the manuscript, and a 20th century book was then performed. RESULTS A total of 109 interviews were conducted and the use of 103 medicinal plants, belonging to 46 families, was noted. A decrease in number of plant taxa and uses was observed over time, with only 42 taxa and 34 uses reported in the manuscript being currently known by the people of the valley. A thorough comparison with the remedies in the manuscript highlighted similar recipes for 12 species. Specifically, the use of agrimony in Valle Imagna for the treatment of deep wounds calls back to an ancient remedy against leg ulcers based on this species. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary results of this study allow us to outline the partial passage through time fragments of ancient plant-based remedies once used in the investigated area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Milani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
| | - Martina Bottoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
| | - Laura Bardelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
| | - Paola Sira Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
| | - Piero Bruschi
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental, Food and Forestry Science and Technology, University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Giuliani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Fico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Italy
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Capek P, Delort AM. Polysaccharides extracted with hot water from wild Prunus spinosa L. berries. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108852. [PMID: 37224730 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Wild blackthorn berries represent an unexplored area in terms of the characterization of the natural biologically active polysaccharide complexes they contain. The antioxidant active fraction extracted from wild blackthorn fruits by hot water extraction (Hw) was subjected to ion-exchange chromatography and yielded six fractions by successive elution with salts. The purified fractions differed in the content of neutral sugars, uronic acids, proteins and phenolics. About 62% of the applied material was recovered from the column, with a higher yield of the fractions eluted with 0.25 M NaCl. Based on the sugar composition of the eluted fractions, several polysaccharide types were observed. The dominant components of Hw are the fractions eluted with 0.25 M NaCl (∼70%), which represent highly esterified homogalacturonan, containing up to 70-80% of galacturonic acids with a low content of rhamnogalacturonan associated with arabinan, galactan or arabinogalactan side chains, but no phenolics. Further, a dark brown polysaccharide material with a yield of ∼17% and with a high content of phenolic compounds, was eluted with alkali (1.0 M NaOH). It mainly represents an acidic arabinogalactan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Capek
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84538, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Anne-Marie Delort
- Chemical Institute of Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), UMR6096 CNRS-UCA-Sigma, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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6
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Colomba M, Benedetti S, Fraternale D, Guidarelli A, Coppari S, Freschi V, Crinelli R, Kass GEN, Gorassini A, Verardo G, Roselli C, Meli MA, Di Giacomo B, Albertini MC. Nrf2-Mediated Pathway Activated by Prunus spinosa L. (Rosaceae) Fruit Extract: Bioinformatics Analyses and Experimental Validation. Nutrients 2023; 15:2132. [PMID: 37432298 PMCID: PMC10181019 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, Prunus spinosa fruit (PSF) ethanol extract was showed to exert antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities. In the present study, an integrated bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental validation was carried out to investigate the biological mechanism(s) that are responsible for the reported PSF beneficial effects as an antioxidant during a pro-inflammatory TLR4 insult. Bioinformatics analysis using miRNet 2.0 was carried out to address which biological process(es) the extract could be involved in. In addition, Chemprop was employed to identify the key targets of nuclear receptor (NR) signaling and stress response (SR) pathways potentially modulated. The miRNet analysis suggested that the PSF extract mostly activates the biological process of cellular senescence. The Chemprop analysis predicted three possible targets for nine phytochemicals found in the extract: (i) ARE signaling, (ii) mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and (iii) p53 SR pathways. The PSF extract antioxidant effect was also experimentally validated in vitro using the human monocyte U937 cell line. Our findings showed that Nrf2 is modulated by the extract with a consequent reduction of the oxidative stress level. This was confirmed by a strong decrease in the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) observed in the PSF-treated cells subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (6 h treatment, 1 µg/mL). No visible effects were observed on p53 and MMP modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariastella Colomba
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Serena Benedetti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Andrea Guidarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Sofia Coppari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Valerio Freschi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Rita Crinelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | | | - Andrea Gorassini
- Department of Humanities and Cultural Heritage, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Giancarlo Verardo
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Carla Roselli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Maria Assunta Meli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Barbara Di Giacomo
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
| | - Maria Cristina Albertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.); (A.G.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (C.R.); (M.A.M.); (B.D.G.)
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Negrean OR, Farcas AC, Pop OL, Socaci SA. Blackthorn-A Valuable Source of Phenolic Antioxidants with Potential Health Benefits. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083456. [PMID: 37110690 PMCID: PMC10143519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prunus spinosa L. fruit, commonly known as blackthorn, is a rich source of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, vitamins, minerals, and organic acids, which exhibit significant antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Notably, flavonoids such as catechin, epicatechin, and rutin have been reported to have protective effects against diabetes, while other flavonoids, including myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol, exhibit antihypertensive activity. Solvent extraction methods are widely used for the extraction of phenolic compounds from plant sources, owing to their simplicity, efficacy, and broad applicability. Furthermore, modern extraction techniques, such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), have been employed to extract polyphenols from Prunus spinosa L. fruits. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the biologically active compounds found in blackthorn fruits, emphasizing their direct physiological effects on the human body. Additionally, the manuscript highlights the potential applications of blackthorn fruits in various industries, including the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and functional product sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Raluca Negrean
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Corina Farcas
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Lab, CDS3, Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Ancuta Socaci
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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8
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De Luca M, Tuberoso CIG, Pons R, García MT, Morán MDC, Ferino G, Vassallo A, Martelli G, Caddeo C. Phenolic Fingerprint, Bioactivity and Nanoformulation of Prunus spinosa L. Fruit Extract for Skin Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041063. [PMID: 37111548 PMCID: PMC10144133 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nanoformulation of plant extracts in phospholipid vesicles is a promising strategy to exploit the biological properties of natural bioactive substances and overcome drawbacks such as poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, low skin permeation and retention time, which strongly limit their topical application. In this study, Prunus spinosa berries were used for the preparation of a hydro-ethanolic extract, which showed antioxidant and antibacterial properties owing to the presence of phenolic compounds. Two types of phospholipid vesicles were developed to improve the applicability as topical formulations. Liposomes and Penetration Enhancer-containing Vesicles were characterized for mean diameter, polydispersity, surface charge, shape, lamellarity, and entrapment efficiency. Additionally, their safety was assayed with different cell models, including erythrocytes and representative skin cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Luca
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- KAMABIO Srl, Via Al Boschetto 4/B, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554–bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ramon Pons
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Teresa García
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Morán
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Physiology Section, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-IN2UB, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal, 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulio Ferino
- CeSAR, University of Cagliari, SS 554–Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Vassallo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carla Caddeo
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, SS 554–bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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9
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An arabinan isolated from the antioxidant active fraction of wild blackthorn fruits (Prunus spinosa L.). Carbohydr Res 2023; 523:108730. [PMID: 36543000 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the many health benefits of wild blackthorn fruits, their use is negligible and little explored. Preliminary results suggest that this fruit is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidant active fraction, extracted from wild blackthorn fruits by cold water extraction (Cw), was subjected to ion-exchange chromatography, which gave ten fractions after a successive elution with water, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide solutions. Fraction eluted by water contained an arabinan of a low molecular weight (Mw = 5000). Its chemical and spectroscopic studies have revealed a highly branched structure with backbone composed of 1,5-linked α-l-arabinofuranose residues; about 76% of them are branched dominantly through O3 and much less through O2, however, some arabinose units (∼8%) were fully branched. In addition to terminal α-L-Araf, the presence of β-L-Araf unit was also identified in blackthorn L-arabinan. Antioxidant activity tests of Cw ion exchange fractions revealed significant effects only of fractions eluted with 1 M sodium chloride (6F) and sodium hydroxide (7F) solutions, while phenolic free arabinan did not possess this effect. Phenolic compounds linked via α-l-arabinosyl side chains appear to be responsible for the antioxidant effect of two Cw fractions.
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Mssillou I, Bakour M, Slighoua M, Laaroussi H, Saghrouchni H, Ez-Zahra Amrati F, Lyoussi B, Derwich E. Investigation on wound healing effect of Mediterranean medicinal plants and some related phenolic compounds: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115663. [PMID: 36038091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The human skin constitutes a biological barrier against external stress and wounds can reduce the role of its physiological structure. In medical sciences, wounds are considered a major problem that requires urgent intervention. For centuries, medicinal plants have been used in the Mediterranean countries for many purposes and against wounds. AIM OF THIS REVIEW Provides an outlook on the Mediterranean medicinal plants used in wound healing. Furthermore, the wound healing effect of polyphenolic compounds and their chemical structures are also summarized. Moreover, we discussed the wound healing process, the structure of the skin, and the current therapies in wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search was performed in several databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The following Keywords were used individually and/or in combination: the Mediterranean, wound healing, medicinal plants, phenolic compounds, composition, flavonoid, tannin. RESULTS The wound healing process is distinguished by four phases, which are respectively, hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The Mediterranean medicinal plants are widely used in the treatment of wounds. The finding showed that eighty-nine species belonging to forty families were evaluated for their wound-healing effect in this area. The Asteraceae family was the most reported family with 12 species followed by Lamiaceae (11 species). Tunisia, Egypt, Morocco, and Algeria were the countries where these plants are frequently used in wound healing. In addition to medicinal plants, results showed that nineteen phenolic compounds from different classes are used in wound treatment. Tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, curcumin, luteolin, chrysin, rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, icariin, morin, epigallocatechin gallate, taxifolin, silymarin, hesperidin, naringin, isoliquiritin, puerarin, genistein, and daidzein were the main compounds that showed wound-healing effect. CONCLUSION In conclusion, medicinal plants and polyphenolic compounds provide therapeutic evidence in wound healing and for the development of new drugs in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Mssillou
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.
| | - Meryem Bakour
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Meryem Slighoua
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Health, Agrofood and Environment (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Hamza Saghrouchni
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330 Balcalı/Sarıçam, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fatima Ez-Zahra Amrati
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Health, Agrofood and Environment (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Elhoussine Derwich
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco; Unity of GC/MS and GC, City of Innovation, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
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Malakoti F, Mohammadi E, Akbari Oryani M, Shanebandi D, Yousefi B, Salehi A, Asemi Z. Polyphenols target miRNAs as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic complications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1865-1881. [PMID: 36069329 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
MiRNAs are a large group of non-coding RNAs which participate in different cellular pathways like inflammation and oxidation through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. In the post-transcriptional regulation, miRNA interacts with the 3'-UTR of mRNAs and prevents their translation. This prevention or dysregulation can be a cause of pathological conditions like diabetic complications. A huge number of studies have revealed the association between miRNAs and diabetic complications, including diabetic nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and delayed wound healing. To address this issue, recent studies have focused on the use of polyphenols as selective and safe drugs in the treatment of diabetes complications. In this article, we will review the involvement of miRNAs in diabetic complications' occurrence or development. Finally, we will review the latest findings on targeting miRNAs by polyphenols like curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin for diabetic complications therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Malakoti
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Erfan Mohammadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Darioush Shanebandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Salehi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University of Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
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Characterization of the Biological Activity of the Ethanolic Extract from the Roots of Cannabis sativa L. Grown in Aeroponics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050860. [PMID: 35624724 PMCID: PMC9137677 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa var. Kompolti, a variety routinely used for food production purposes, is characterized by a low concentration of psychoactive molecules, although containing many other biologically attractive metabolites in all parts of the plant, including the roots. In the present work, we evaluate the specific biological activities of the roots’ extract from plants cultivated through aeroponics, an affordable and reliable method facilitating the isolation and processing of roots, with the advantage of being suitable for industrial scale-up. Furthermore, aeroponics results in an increased net accumulation of the most biologically attractive constituents (β-sitosterol, friedelin and epi-friedelanol) found in the roots. The ethanolic extract of the aeroponic roots of C. sativa (APEX) and its separate components are studied to evaluate their anti-inflammatory (modulation of the expression level of specific markers upon LPS stimulation in U937 cells, such as IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IkB-α, iNOS, IRAK-1 and miR-146a) and antioxidant (in either acellular or cellular settings) activities. The APEX anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities are also functionally benchmarked using the wound-healing assay. On the whole, the data obtained show that APEX and its main components showed significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which may render the exploitation of roots as a source of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents highly attractive, with the additional technical and economic advantages of aeroponics compared to soil cultivation.
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Capek P, Košťálová Z. Isolation, chemical characterization and antioxidant activity of Prunus spinosa L. fruit phenolic polysaccharide-proteins. Carbohydr Res 2022; 515:108547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Koppula S, Akther M, Haque ME, Kopalli SR. Potential Nutrients from Natural and Synthetic Sources Targeting Inflammaging-A Review of Literature, Clinical Data and Patents. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114058. [PMID: 34836313 PMCID: PMC8617641 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammaging, the steady development of the inflammatory state over age is an attributable characteristic of aging that potentiates the initiation of pathogenesis in many age-related disorders (ARDs) including neurodegenerative diseases, arthritis, cancer, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis. Inflammaging is characterized by subclinical chronic, low grade, steady inflammatory states and is considered a crucial underlying cause behind the high mortality and morbidity rate associated with ARDs. Although a coherent set of studies detailed the underlying pathomechanisms of inflammaging, the potential benefits from non-toxic nutrients from natural and synthetic sources in modulating or delaying inflammaging processes was not discussed. In this review, the available literature and recent updates of natural and synthetic nutrients that help in controlling inflammaging process was explored. Also, we discussed the clinical trial reports and patent claims on potential nutrients demonstrating therapeutic benefits in controlling inflammaging and inflammation-associated ARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushruta Koppula
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27381, Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahbuba Akther
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27381, Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Md Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27381, Korea;
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-6935-2619
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Walczak-Nowicka ŁJ, Herbet M. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Role of Acetylcholinesterase in their Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9290. [PMID: 34502198 PMCID: PMC8430571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases by influencing the inflammatory response, apoptosis, oxidative stress and aggregation of pathological proteins. There is a search for new compounds that can prevent the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases and slow down their course. The aim of this review is to present the role of AChE in the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, this review aims to reveal the benefits of using AChE inhibitors to treat these diseases. The selected new AChE inhibitors were also assessed in terms of their potential use in the described disease entities. Designing and searching for new drugs targeting AChE may in the future allow the discovery of therapies that will be effective in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8bStreet, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
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