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Kowalczyk K, Coraça-Huber DC, Wille-Kollmar W, Berktold M, Nagl M. Activity of N-Chlorotaurine against Periodontal Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8357. [PMID: 39125925 PMCID: PMC11313407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental plaque bacteria play an important role in the pathogenicity of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Therefore, antimicrobial agents are one means of treatment. N-chlorotaurine (NCT) as an endogenous well-tolerated topical antiseptic could be of advantage for this purpose. Accordingly, its microbicidal activity against some dental plaque bacteria was investigated at therapeutic concentrations in vitro. In quantitative killing assays, the activity of NCT against planktonic bacteria and against biofilms grown for 48 h on implantation screws was tested. Electron microscopy was used to demonstrate the formation of biofilm and its morphological changes. The killing of planktonic bacteria of all tested species, namely Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus cristatus, Rothia aeria, and Capnocytophaga ochracea, was shown within 10-20 min by 1% NCT in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C. Bacteria grown on screws for 24 h were inactivated by 1% NCT after 15-20 min as well, but the formation of biofilm on the screws was visible in electron microscopy not before 48 h. The killing of biofilms by 1% NCT was demonstrated after 30 min (streptococci) and 40 min (R. aeria). As expected, NCT has broad activity against dental plaque bacteria as well and should be further investigated on its clinical efficacy in periodontitis and peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Kowalczyk
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (K.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Débora C. Coraça-Huber
- Research Laboratory for Biofilms and Implant Associated Infections (BIOFILM LAB), University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | | | - Michael Berktold
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (K.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Markus Nagl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (K.K.); (M.B.)
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Zheng J, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Guo H, Li B, Cui S. Taurine Alleviates Experimental Colitis by Enhancing Intestinal Barrier Function and Inhibiting Inflammatory Response through TLR4/NF-κB Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12119-12129. [PMID: 38761152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Taurine (Tau) is a semiessential amino acid in mammals with preventive and therapeutic effects on several intestinal disorders. However, the exact function of taurine in ulcerative colitis (UC) is still largely unclear. In this study, we used two taurine-deficient mouse models (CSAD-/- and TauT-/- mice) to explore the influence of taurine on the progression of UC in both dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells. We found that cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD) and taurine transporter (TauT) expressions and taurine levels were markedly reduced in colonic tissues of mice treated with DSS. The CSAD and TauT knockouts exacerbated DSS-induced clinical symptoms and pathological damage and aggravated the intestinal barrier dysfunction and the colonic mucosal inflammatory response. Conversely, taurine pretreatment enhanced the intestinal barrier functions by increasing goblet cells and upregulating tight junction protein expression. Importantly, taurine bound with TLR4 and inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, ultimately reducing proinflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) and oxidative stress. Our findings highlight the essential role of taurine in maintaining the intestinal barrier integrity and inhibiting intestinal inflammation, indicating that taurine is a promising supplement for colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yewen Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhou Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
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Tang HY, Huang JE, Tsau MT, Chang CJ, Tung YC, Lin G, Cheng ML. Metabolomics Assessment of Volume Overload-Induced Heart Failure and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney. Metabolites 2023; 13:1165. [PMID: 37999260 PMCID: PMC10672757 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure (HF) is increasing and is associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, HF often coexists with renal dysfunction and is associated with a worsened outcome. In many experimental studies on cardiac dysfunction, the function of other organs was either not addressed or did not show any decline. Until now, the exact mechanisms for initiating and sustaining this interaction are still unknown. The objective of this study is to use volume overload to induce cardiac hypertrophy and HF in aortocaval fistula (ACF) rat models, and to elucidate how volume overload affects metabolic changes in the kidney, even with normal renal function, in HF. The results showed the metabolic changes between control and ACF rats, including taurine metabolism; purine metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; glycerophospholipid metabolism; and histidine metabolism. Increasing the downstream purine metabolism from inosine to uric acid in the kidneys of ACF rats induced oxidative stress through xanthine oxidase. This result was consistent with HK-2 cells treated with xanthine and xanthine oxidase. Under oxidative stress, taurine accumulation was observed in ACF rats, indicating increased activity of the hypotaurine-taurine pathway as a defense mechanism against oxidative stress in the kidney. Another antioxidant, ascorbic acid 2-sulfate, showed lower levels in ACF rats, indicating that the kidneys experience elevated oxidative stress due to volume overload and HF. In summary, metabolic profiles are more sensitive than clinical parameters in reacting to damage to the kidney in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Yu Tang
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (M.-T.T.)
| | - Jyh-En Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Tong Tsau
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (M.-T.T.)
| | - Chi-Jen Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33323, Taiwan; (C.-J.C.); (Y.-C.T.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chang Tung
- Department of Cardiology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33323, Taiwan; (C.-J.C.); (Y.-C.T.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33323, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33323, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33323, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (H.-Y.T.); (M.-T.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan;
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33323, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
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Swiderski J, Sakkal S, Apostolopoulos V, Zulli A, Gadanec LK. Combination of Taurine and Black Pepper Extract as a Treatment for Cardiovascular and Coronary Artery Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112562. [PMID: 37299525 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The shift in modern dietary regimens to "Western style" and sedentary lifestyles are believed to be partly responsible for the increase in the global burden of cardiovascular diseases. Natural products have been used throughout human history as treatments for a plethora of pathological conditions. Taurine and, more recently, black pepper have gained attention for their beneficial health effects while remaining non-toxic even when ingested in excess. Taurine, black pepper, and the major terpene constituents found in black pepper (i.e., β-caryophyllene; α-pinene; β-pinene; α-humulene; limonene; and sabinene) that are present in PhytoCann BP® have been shown to have cardioprotective effects based on anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms. This comprehensive review of the literature focuses on determining whether the combination of taurine and black pepper extract is an effective natural treatment for reducing cardiovascular diseases risk factors (i.e., hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia) and for driving anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms to combat coronary artery disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Swiderski
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Samy Sakkal
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
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Speth C, Rambach G, Windisch A, Neurauter M, Maier H, Nagl M. Efficacy of Inhaled N-Chlorotaurine in a Mouse Model of Lichtheimia corymbifera and Aspergillus fumigatus Pneumonia. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050535. [PMID: 35628790 PMCID: PMC9143854 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
N-chlorotaurine (NCT) can be used topically as a well-tolerated anti-infective at different body sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of inhaled NCT in a mouse model of fungal pneumonia. Specific pathogen-free female C57BL/6JRj seven-week-old mice were immune-suppressed with cyclophosphamide. After 4 days, the mice were inoculated intranasally with 1.5 × 10E7 spores of Lichtheimia corymbifera or 1.0 × 10E7 spores of Aspergillus fumigatus. They were randomized and treated three times daily for 10 min with aerosolized 1% NCT or 0.9% sodium chloride starting 1 h after the inoculation. The mice were observed for survival for two weeks, and fungal load, blood inflammation parameters, bronchoalveolar lavage, and histology of organs were evaluated upon their death or at the end of this period. Inhalations were well-tolerated. After challenge with L. corymbifera, seven out of the nine mice (77.8%) survived for 15 days in the test group, which was in strong contrast to one out of the nine mice (11.1%) in the control group (p = 0.0049). The count of colony-forming units in the homogenized lung tissues came to 1.60 (1.30; 1.99; median, quartiles) log10 in the test group and to 4.26 (2.17; 4.53) log10 in the control group (p = 0.0032). Body weight and temperature, white blood count, and haptoglobin significantly improved with NCT treatment. With A. fumigatus, all the mice except for one in the test group died within 4 days without a significant difference from the control group. Inhaled NCT applied early demonstrated a highly significant curative effect in L. corymbifera pneumonia, while this could not be shown in A. fumigatus pneumonia, probably due to a too high inoculum. Nevertheless, this study for the first time disclosed efficacy of NCT in pneumonia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Speth
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Invasive Fungal Infections, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstraße 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Rambach
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Invasive Fungal Infections, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstraße 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Windisch
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Neurauter
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Hans Maier
- INNPATH GmbH-Institute of Pathology, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Markus Nagl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)512-9003-70708; Fax: +43-(0)512-9003-73700
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Current Opinion on the Therapeutic Capacity of Taurine-Containing Halogen Derivatives in Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:83-98. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Chang H, Lee DH. Positive Eusocial Impacts on Ants by Taurine Derivatives. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:425-432. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Redox Systems, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Defences in Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121955. [PMID: 34943058 PMCID: PMC8750619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) play a key role in the regulation of cell survival [...].
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