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Pavuluri H, Bakhtiary Z, Panner Selvam MK, Hellstrom WJG. Oxidative Stress-Associated Male Infertility: Current Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1008. [PMID: 38929625 PMCID: PMC11205999 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60061008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Infertility is a prevalent global issue affecting approximately 17.5% of adults, with sole male factor contributing to 20-30% of cases. Oxidative stress (OS) is a critical factor in male infertility, disrupting the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. This imbalance detrimentally affects sperm function and viability, ultimately impairing fertility. OS also triggers molecular changes in sperm, including DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and alterations in protein expression, further compromising sperm functionality and potential fertilization. Diagnostic tools discussed in this review offer insights into OS markers, antioxidant levels, and intracellular ROS concentrations. By accurately assessing these parameters, clinicians can diagnose male infertility more effectively and thus tailor treatment plans to individual patients. Additionally, this review explores various treatment options for males with OS-associated infertility, such as empirical drugs, antioxidants, nanoantioxidants, and lifestyle modifications. By addressing the root causes of male infertility and implementing targeted interventions, clinicians can optimize treatment outcomes and enhance the chances of conception for couples struggling with infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wayne J. G. Hellstrom
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (H.P.); (Z.B.); (M.K.P.S.)
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Palacin-Martinez C, Anel-Lopez L, Alvarez M, Neila-Montero M, Montes-Garrido R, Soriano-Úbeda C, de Paz P, Anel L, Riesco MF. The characterization of CellROX™ probes could be a crucial factor in ram sperm quality assessment. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1342808. [PMID: 38476170 PMCID: PMC10927726 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1342808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Several authors have demonstrated that low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for the physiological functions of sperm, such as capacitation, hyperactivation, acrosomal reaction and fertilization. However, high levels of ROS are associated with oxidative stress and detrimental effects on fertility. Consequently, deep characterization of ROS presence using different fluorescent probes could be crucial. In this sense, the study of intracellular ROS localization and the relationships between ROS and other conventional parameters could improve the characterization of sperm quality for semen preservation protocols in rams. In this work, a multiparametric study was carried out by analyzing four experimental groups of ram sperm with different initial qualities: fresh semen (from both breeding and nonbreeding seasons), frozen-thawed semen and, a positive control group treated with hydrogen peroxide (300 μM) as a marker of extreme damage. Sperm analyses, including viability, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, motility and kinetic parameters, were applied to compare several experimental groups with different sperm qualities. After that, the signals from two different ROS probes: CellROX™ Deep Red (CRDR) and Green (CRG), were examined by flow cytometry (percentage of cells that express ROS) and fluorescence microscopy (intracellular ROS location). Comparing conventional parameters, fresh samples from the breeding season showed the highest sperm quality, while the positive control samples showed the worst sperm quality. Concerning the ROS probes, the CRDR levels were higher in fresh samples from the breeding season than in the positive control and cryopreserved samples. Surprisingly, CRG presented its highest level (P < 0.05) in the positive control group treated with peroxide by flow cytometry. CRDR and CRG presented opposite labeling patterns that were corroborated by fluorescence microscopy, which determined that the probes localized in different parts of sperm. CRDR was found in the sperm mitochondrial region, while CRG was observed in the cell nucleus, suggesting that ROS localization is an important factor. Finally, our study indicates that CRDR is correlated with proper viability and sperm motility, and could be associated with high mitochondrial activity, while CRG is associated with sperm damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Palacin-Martinez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel-Lopez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alvarez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Marta Neila-Montero
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Rafael Montes-Garrido
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Cristina Soriano-Úbeda
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Paulino de Paz
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Celular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Marta F. Riesco
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Celular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, León, Spain
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Alfaro Gómez M, Fernández-Santos MDR, Jurado-Campos A, Soria-Meneses PJ, Montoro Angulo V, Soler AJ, Garde JJ, Rodríguez-Robledo V. On Males, Antioxidants and Infertility (MOXI): Certitudes, Uncertainties and Trends. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1626. [PMID: 37627621 PMCID: PMC10451353 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility (MI) involves various endogenous and exogenous facts. These include oxidative stress (OS), which is known to alter several physiological pathways and it is estimated to be present at high levels in up to 80% of infertile men. That is why since the late 20th century, the relationship between OS and MI has been widely studied. New terms have emerged, such as Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI), which is proposed as a new category to define infertile men with high OS levels. Another important term is MOXI: Male, Antioxidants, and Infertility. This term refers to the hypothesis that antioxidants could improve male fertility without the use of assisted reproductive technology. However, there are no evidence-based antioxidant treatments that directly improve seminal parameters or birth ratio. In this regard, there is controversy about their use. While certain scientists argue against their use due to the lack of results, others support this use because of their safety profile and low price. Some uncertainties related to the use of antioxidants for treating MI are their questionable efficacy or the difficulties in knowing their correct dosage. In addition, the lack of quality methods for OS detection can lead to excessive antioxidant supplementation, resulting in "reductive stress". Another important problem is that, although the inflammatory process is interdependent and closely linked to OS, it is usually ignored. To solve these uncertainties, new trends have recently emerged. These include the use of molecules with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, which are also able to specifically target the reproductive tissue; as well as the use of new methods that allow for reliable quantification of OS and a quality diagnosis. This review aims to elucidate the main uncertainties about MOXI and to outline the latest trends in research to develop effective therapies with clinically relevant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alfaro Gómez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
| | - María del Rocío Fernández-Santos
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Alejandro Jurado-Campos
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Pedro Javier Soria-Meneses
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Vidal Montoro Angulo
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Ana Josefa Soler
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - José Julián Garde
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Virginia Rodríguez-Robledo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
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Jurado-Campos A, Soria-Meneses PJ, Arenas-Moreira M, Alonso-Moreno C, Rodríguez-Robledo V, Soler AJ, Garde JJ, Del Rocío Fernández-Santos M. Minimizing sperm oxidative stress using nanotechnology for breeding programs in rams. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:106. [PMID: 37559077 PMCID: PMC10413538 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial insemination (AI) is a routine breeding technology in animal reproduction. Nevertheless, the temperature-sensitive nature and short fertile lifespan of ram sperm samples hamper its use in AI. In this sense, nanotechnology is an interesting tool to improve sperm protection due to the development of nanomaterials for AI, which could be used as delivery vehicles. In this work, we explored the feasibility of vitamin E nanoemulsion (NE) for improving sperm quality during transport. RESULTS With the aim of evaluating this proposal, ejaculates of 7 mature rams of Manchega breed were collected by artificial vagina and extended to 60 × 106 spz/mL in Andromed®. Samples containing control and NE (12 mmol/L) with and without exogenous oxidative stress (100 µmol/L Fe2+/ascorbate) were stored at 22 and 15 ºC and motility (CASA), viability (YO-PRO/PI), acrosomal integrity (PNA-FITC/PI), mitochondrial membrane potential (Mitotracker Deep Red 633), lipoperoxidation (C11 BODIPY 581/591), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA status (SCSA®) monitored during 96 h. Our results show that NE could be used to maintain ram spermatozoa during transport at 15 and 22 ºC for up to 96 h, with no appreciable loss of kinematic and physiological characteristics of freshly collected samples. CONCLUSIONS The storage of ram spermatozoa in liquid form for 2-5 d with vitamin E nanoemulsions may lead more flexibility to breeders in AI programs. In view of the potential and high versatility of these nanodevices, further studies are being carried out to assess the proposed sperm preservation medium on fertility after artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Arenas-Moreira
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica Y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigación Biomédicas, Unidad nanoDrug, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Moreno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica Y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigación Biomédicas, Unidad nanoDrug, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Virginia Rodríguez-Robledo
- SaBio IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus Universitario, S/N, 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ana Josefa Soler
- SaBio IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus Universitario, S/N, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - José Julián Garde
- SaBio IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus Universitario, S/N, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - María Del Rocío Fernández-Santos
- SaBio IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus Universitario, S/N, 02071, Albacete, Spain.
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain.
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Li Y, Si D, Sabier M, Liu J, Si J, Zhang X. Guideline for screening antioxidant against lipid‐peroxidation by spectrophotometer. EFOOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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Shamhari A‘A, Jefferi NES, Abd Hamid Z, Budin SB, Idris MHM, Taib IS. The Role of Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger (PLZF) and Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Family Receptor Alpha 1 (GFRα1) in the Cryopreservation of Spermatogonia Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031945. [PMID: 36768269 PMCID: PMC9915902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cryopreservation of spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) has been widely used as an alternative treatment for infertility. However, cryopreservation itself induces cryoinjury due to oxidative and osmotic stress, leading to reduction in the survival rate and functionality of SSCs. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1 (GFRα1) and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) are expressed during the self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs, making them key tools for identifying the functionality of SSCs. To the best of our knowledge, the involvement of GFRα1 and PLZF in determining the functionality of SSCs after cryopreservation with therapeutic intervention is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to determine the role of GFRα1 and PLZF as biomarkers for evaluating the functionality of SSCs in cryopreservation with therapeutic intervention. Therapeutic intervention, such as the use of antioxidants, and enhancement in cryopreservation protocols, such as cell encapsulation, cryoprotectant agents (CPA), and equilibrium of time and temperature increase the expression of GFRα1 and PLZF, resulting in maintaining the functionality of SSCs. In conclusion, GFRα1 and PLZF have the potential as biomarkers in cryopreservation with therapeutic intervention of SSCs to ensure the functionality of the stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma’ ‘Afifah Shamhari
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Erysha Sabrina Jefferi
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Muhd Hanis Md Idris
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-928-97608
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Peng M, Wu J, Wang W, Liao T, Xu S, Xiao D, He Z, Yang X. Alpha-tocopherol enhances spermatogonial stem cell proliferation and restores mouse spermatogenesis by up-regulating BMI1. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1141964. [PMID: 37139440 PMCID: PMC10150882 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1141964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for maintaining reproductive function in males. B-lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (BMI1) is a vital transcription repressor that regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. However, little is known about the role of BMI1 in mediating the fate of mammalian SSCs and in male reproduction. This study investigated whether BMI1 is essential for male reproduction and the role of alpha-tocopherol (α-tocopherol), a protective agent for male fertility, as a modulator of BMI1 both in vitro and in vivo. Methods Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) assays were used to assess the effect of BMI1 on the proliferative ability of the mouse SSC line C18-4. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence were applied to investigate changes in the mRNA and protein expression levels of BMI1. Male mice were used to investigate the effect of α-tocopherol and a BMI1 inhibitor on reproduction-associated functionality in vivo. Results Analysis revealed that BMI1 was expressed at high levels in testicular tissues and spermatogonia in mice. The silencing of BMI1 inhibited the proliferation of SSCs and DNA synthesis and enhanced the levels of γ-H2AX. α-tocopherol enhanced the proliferation and DNA synthesis of C18-4 cells, and increased the levels of BMI1. Notably, α-tocopherol rescued the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA damage in C18-4 cells caused by the silencing of BMI1. Furthermore, α-tocopherol restored sperm count (Ctrl vs. PTC-209, p = 0.0034; Ctrl vs. PTC-209 + α-tocopherol, p = 0.7293) and normalized sperm malformation such as broken heads, irregular heads, lost and curled tails in vivo, as demonstrated by its antagonism with the BMI1 inhibitor PTC-209. Conclusion Analysis demonstrated that α-tocopherol is a potent in vitro and in vivo modulator of BMI1, a transcription factor that plays an important role in in SSC proliferation and spermatogenesis. Our findings identify a new target and strategy for treating male infertility that deserves further pre-clinical investigation.
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Rinaldi F, Hanieh PN, Maurizi L, Longhi C, Uccelletti D, Schifano E, Del Favero E, Cantù L, Ricci C, Ammendolia MG, Paolino D, Froiio F, Marianecci C, Carafa M. Neem Oil or Almond Oil Nanoemulsions for Vitamin E Delivery: From Structural Evaluation to in vivo Assessment of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6447-6465. [PMID: 36573206 PMCID: PMC9789705 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s376750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vitamin E (VitE) may be classified in "the first line of defense" against the formation of reactive oxygen species. Its inclusion in nanoemulsions (NEs) is a promising alternative to increase its bioavailability. The aim of this study was to compare O/W NEs including VitE based on Almond or Neem oil, showing themselves antioxidant properties. The potential synergy of the antioxidant activities of oils and vitamin E, co-formulated in NEs, was explored. Patients and Methods NEs have been prepared by sonication and deeply characterized evaluating size, ζ-potential, morphology (TEM and SAXS analyses), oil nanodroplet feature, and stability. Antioxidant activity has been evaluated in vitro, in non-tumorigenic HaCaT keratinocytes, and in vivo through fluorescence analysis of C. elegans transgenic strain. Moreover, on healthy human volunteers, skin tolerability and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated by measuring the reduction of the skin erythema induced by the application of a skin chemical irritant (methyl-nicotinate). Results Results confirm that Vitamin E can be formulated in highly stable NEs showing good antioxidant activity on keratinocyte and on C. elegans. Interestingly, only Neem oil NEs showed some anti-inflammatory activity on healthy volunteers. Conclusion From the obtained results, Neem over Almond oil is a more appropriate candidate for further studies on this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nadia Hanieh
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Maurizi
- Dipartimento di Sanità pubblica e Malattie infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Catia Longhi
- Dipartimento di Sanità pubblica e Malattie infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie Charles Darwin, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Emily Schifano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie Charles Darwin, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Del Favero
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cantù
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Ricci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ammendolia
- Centro Nazionale Tecnologie Innovative in Sanità Pubblica, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Froiio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlotta Marianecci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Carafa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy,Correspondence: Maria Carafa; Carlotta Marianecci, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma, 00185, Italy, Tel +390649913603; +390649913970, Fax +39064913133, Email ;
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Determination of Ram ( Ovis aries) Sperm DNA Damage Due to Oxidative Stress: 8-OHdG Immunodetection Assay vs. SCSA ®. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233286. [PMID: 36496807 PMCID: PMC9737133 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional DNA analysis techniques can hardly detect DNA damage in ruminant spermatozoa due to high DNA compaction in these cells. Furthermore, these techniques cannot discriminate whether the damage is due to oxidative stress. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two techniques for determining DNA damage in ovine sperm when the source of that damage is oxidative stress. Semen samples from twenty Manchega rams (Ovis aries) were collected and cryopreserved. After thawing, the samples were subjected to different levels of oxidative stress, and DNA oxidation was quantified using an 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunodetection assay and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA®). For this purpose, we evaluated five different concentrations of an oxidation solution (H2O2/FeSO4•7H2O) on ram sperm DNA. Our study with the 8-OHdG immunodetection assay shows that there are higher values for DNA oxidation in samples that were subjected to the highest oxidative stress (8 M H2O2/800 µM FeSO4•7H2O) and those that were not exposed to high oxidative stress, but these differences were not significant (p ≥ 0.05). The two SCSA® parameters considered, DNA fragmentation index (DFI %) and high DNA stainability (HDS %), showed significant differences between samples that were subjected to high concentrations of the oxidation agent and those that were not (p < 0.05). We can conclude that the 8-OHdG immunodetection assay and SCSA® detect DNA damage caused by oxidative stress in ovine sperm under high oxidative conditions; SCSA® is a more straightforward method with more accurate results. For these reasons, an oxidative-stress-specific assay such as 8-OHdG immunodetection is not needed to measure DNA damage caused by oxidative stress in ram sperm samples.
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Zhou B, Lin X, Li Z, Yao Y, Yang J, Zhu Y. Structure‒function‒pathogenicity analysis of C-terminal myocilin missense variants based on experiments and 3D models. Front Genet 2022; 13:1019208. [PMID: 36267417 PMCID: PMC9577182 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1019208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MYOC is a common pathogenic gene for primary open-angle glaucoma and encodes the protein named myocilin. Multiple MYOC variations have been found, with different clinical significance. However, the pathogenesis of glaucoma induced by MYOC mutations has not been fully clarified. Here, we analyze the molecular and cellular biological differences caused by multiple variant myocilins, including protein secretion characteristics, structural changes, subcellular localization, cellular autophagic activity and oxidative stress. Denaturing and nondenaturing electrophoresis showed myocilin to be a secreted protein with the tendency to self-oligomerize. The full-length myocilin and its C-terminal cleavage fragment are secreted. Secretion analysis of 23 variant myocilins indicated that secretion defects are closely related to the pathogenicity of MYOC variants. Structural analysis showed that the alteration of steric clash is associated with the secretion characteristics and pathogenicity of myocilin variants. Immunocytochemistry results demonstrated that mutated myocilins are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and disrupt autophagy. MTT assay, MitoTracker staining, and DCFH-DA staining showed increased oxidative injury in cells expressing MYOC mutants. Taken together, MYOC mutations are able to induce cell dysfunction via secretion defects and intracellular accumulation resulting from steric clash alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biting Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yihua Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Juhua Yang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yihua Zhu, ; Juhua Yang,
| | - Yihua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yihua Zhu, ; Juhua Yang,
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Extend the Survival of Human Sperm In Vitro in Non-Freezing Conditions: Damage Mechanisms, Preservation Technologies, and Clinical Applications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182845. [PMID: 36139420 PMCID: PMC9496714 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preservation of human spermatozoa in vitro at normothermia or hypothermia maintaining their functions and fertility for several days plays a significant role in reproductive biology and medicine. However, it is well known that human spermatozoa left in vitro deteriorate over time irreversibly as the consequence of various stresses such as the change of osmolarity, energy deficiency, and oxidative damage, leading to substantial limitations including the need for semen examinations, fertility preservation, and assisted reproductive technology. These problems may be addressed with the aid of non-freezing storage techniques. The main and most effective preservation strategies are the partial or total replacement of seminal plasma with culture medium, named as extenders, and temperature-induced metabolic restriction. Semen extenders consist of buffers, osmolytes, and antioxidants, etc. to protect spermatozoa against the above-mentioned adverse factors. Extended preservation of human spermatozoa in vitro has a negative effect on sperm parameters, whereas its effect on ART outcomes remains inconsistent. The storage duration, temperature, and pre-treatment of semen should be determined according to the aims of preservation. Advanced techniques such as nanotechnology and omics have been introduced and show great potential in the lifespan extension of human sperm. It is certain that more patients will benefit from it in the near future. This review provided an overview of the current knowledge and prospects of prolonged non-freezing storage of human sperm in vitro.
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