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Kassem AF, Omar MA, Temirak A, El-Shiekh RA, Srour AM. Barbiturate-sulfonate hybrids as potent cholinesterase inhibitors: design, synthesis and molecular modeling studies. Future Med Chem 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39011621 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2366158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Design and synthesis of a series of 5-benzylidene(thio)barbiturates 3a-r. Methodology: Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the new chemical entities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using Donepezil as the standard reference. Results & Conclusion: Compound 3r emerged as the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC50 = 9.12 μM), while compound 3q exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against BChE (IC50 = 19.43 μM). Toxicological bioassays confirmed the absence of cytotoxicity for the most potent compounds at the tested doses. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that the tested derivatives effectively bind to the active sites of both enzymes. Overall, this study sheds light on the potential of barbiturate-sulfonate conjugates as promising drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa F Kassem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science & Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry of Natural & Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical & Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Omar
- Chemistry of Natural & Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical & Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Temirak
- Chemistry of Natural & Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical & Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aladdin M Srour
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical & Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Zhong C, Zhang Q, Bao H, Li Y, Nie C. Hsa_circ_0054220 Upregulates HMGA1 by the Competitive RNA Pattern to Promote Neural Impairment in MPTP Model of Parkinson's Disease. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:4008-4023. [PMID: 37815624 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to regulate neurodegenerative diseases. This study was aimed to explore hsa_circ_0054220 functions in PD. MPP-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells were established as the PD cell model. PD mouse model was established by MPTP. Gene expression in cells and tissues was tested by RT-qPCR. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated through CCK-8 and TUNEL assays. The interactions of RNAs were determined by RNA pull-down assay, RIP assay, and luciferase reporter assay. Circ_0054220 expressed at a high level in MPP-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Circ_0054220 inhibition promoted viability and suppressed apoptosis in MPP-stimulated cells. Furthermore, we found that circ_0054220 can competitively bind to miR-145 and miR-625 to upregulate high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) expression. HMGA1 was positively regulated by circ_0054220 and overexpressed in MPP-treated cells as well as the striatum (STR), substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and serum of MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. HMGA1 overexpression counteracted the function of circ_0054220 silencing on cell apoptosis. Furthermore, HMGA1 inhibition notably alleviated motor dysfunction and increased the quantity of neurons in mice resembling PD. Circ_0054220 upregulates HMGA1 by the competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) pattern to promote neural impairment in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cundi Zhong
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, Niaoning, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Sinopharm (Dalian) Rehabilitation Hospital, Dalian, 116013, Niaoning, China
| | - Haiping Bao
- Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Niaoning, China
| | - Yu Li
- Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Niaoning, China
| | - Chen Nie
- Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Niaoning, China.
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Kim J, Lee S, Hong DG, Yang S, Tran CS, Kwak J, Kim MJ, Rajarathinam T, Chung KW, Jung YS, Ishigami A, Chang SC, Lee H, Yun H, Lee J. Amelioration of Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation by EI-16004 Confers Neuroprotection in an MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:1. [PMID: 38294608 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in motor impairment due to dopaminergic neuronal loss. The pathology of PD is closely associated with neuroinflammation, which can be characterized by astrocyte activation. Thus, targeting the inflammatory response in astrocytes might provide a novel therapeutic approach. We conducted a luciferase assay on an in-house chemical library to identify compounds with anti-inflammatory effects capable of reducing MPP+-induced NF-κB activity in astrocytes. Among the compounds identified, EI-16004, a novel 3-benzyl-N-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamides, exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect by significantly reducing MPP+-induced astrocyte activation. Biochemical analysis and docking simulation indicated that EI-16004 inhibited the MPP+-induced phosphorylation of p65 by attenuating ERK phosphorylation, and EI-16004 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in astrocytes. In vivo studies on the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD model in male C57BL/6 mice showed that EI-16004 ameliorated motor impairment and protected against dopaminergic neuronal loss, and EI-16004 effectively mitigated the MPTP-induced astrocyte activation in striatum (STR) and substantia nigra (SN). These results indicate EI-16004 is a potential neuroprotective agent for the prevention and treatment of astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammatory conditions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulah Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Geun Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonguk Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Cong So Tran
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsook Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Thenmozhi Rajarathinam
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeseung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Morin in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810578. [PMID: 36142491 PMCID: PMC9501291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are known to be related to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and thus, modulating neuroinflammation offers a possible means of treating PD-associated pathologies. Morin (2′,3,4′,5,7-pentahydroxy flavone) is a flavonol with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects found in wines, herbs, and fruits. The present study was undertaken to determine whether a morin-containing diet has protective effects in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. Mice were fed a control or morin diet for 34 days, and then MPTP (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered daily for 5 days to induce a PD-like pathology. We found that dietary morin prevented MPTP-induced motor dysfunction and ameliorated dopaminergic neuronal damage in striatum (STR) and substantia nigra (SN) in our mouse model. Furthermore, MPTP-induced neuroinflammation was significantly reduced in mice fed morin. In vitro studies showed that morin effectively suppressed glial activations in primary microglia and astrocytes, and biochemical analysis and a docking simulation indicated that the anti-inflammatory effects of morin were mediated by blocking the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-p65 pathway. These findings suggest that morin effectively inhibits glial activations and has potential use as a functional food ingredient with therapeutic potential for the treatment of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with neuroinflammation.
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of IKK-Activated GSK-3β Inhibitory Peptide Prevented Nigrostriatal Neurodegeneration in the Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020998. [PMID: 35055183 PMCID: PMC8779943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder caused by nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. Since chronically activated neuroinflammation accelerates neurodegeneration in PD, we considered that modulating chronic neuroinflammatory response might provide a novel therapeutic approach. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase with two isoforms, GSK-3α and GSK-3β, and GSK-3β plays crucial roles in inflammatory response, which include microglial migration and peripheral immune cell activation. GSK-3β inhibitory peptide (IAGIP) is specifically activated by activated inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK), and its therapeutic effects have been demonstrated in a mouse model of colitis. Here, we investigated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of IAGIP prevent neurodegeneration in the rodent model of PD. IAGIP significantly reduced MPP+-induced astrocyte activation and inflammatory response in primary astrocytes without affecting the phosphorylations of ERK or JNK. In addition, IAGIP inhibited LPS-induced cell migration and p65 activation in BV-2 microglial cells. In vivo study using an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD revealed that intravenous IAGIP effectively prevented motor dysfunction and nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. Our findings suggest that IAGIP has a curative potential in PD models and could offer new therapeutic possibilities for targeting PD.
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