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Yang J, Yuan Y, Wang L, Deng G, Huang J, Liu Y, Gu W. Suppression of long noncoding RNA SNHG6 alleviates cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation by modulating NF-κB signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2634-2641. [PMID: 38205902 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread inflammatory disease with a high mortality rate. Long noncoding RNAs play important roles in pulmonary diseases and are potential targets for inflammation intervention. METHODS The expression of small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) in mouse lung epithelial cell line MLE12 with or without cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treatment was first detected using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. ELISA was used to evaluate the release of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). The binding site of miR-182-5p with SNHG6 was predicted by using miRanda, which was verified by double luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Here, we revealed that SNHG6 was upregulated in CS-exposed MLE12 alveolar epithelial cells and lungs from COPD-model mice. SNHG6 silencing weakened CS-induced inflammation in MLE12 cells and mouse lungs. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SNHG6 could upregulate IκBα kinase through sponging the microRNA miR-182-5p, followed by activated NF-κB signaling. The suppressive effects of SNHG6 silencing on CS-induced inflammation were blocked by an miR-182-5p inhibitor. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings suggested that SNHG6 regulates CS-induced inflammation in COPD by activating NF-κB signaling, thereby offering a novel potential target for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxuan Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaru Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Gu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Meister ML, Feresin RG. Blackberry consumption protects against e-cigarette-induced vascular oxidative stress in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10709-10730. [PMID: 37937402 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02217j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained popularity; however, evidence for their safety with chronic use is lacking. Acute e-cigarette exposure induces systemic oxidative stress in users and contributes to vascular endothelial dysfunction through reduction in nitric oxide (NO). Polyphenols, abundant in blackberries (BL), mitigate cardiovascular damage. We aimed to determine whether BL was protective against e-cigarette-induced cardiopulmonary detriments. Mice were fed a diet supplemented with or without 5% freeze-dried BL (w/w) for 16 weeks. E-cigarette exposure (1 h, 5 days per week) began at week 4. Additionally, human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were treated with BL polyphenol extract (200 μg mL-1) and e-cigarette condensate (0.5% v/v). Twelve weeks of e-cigarette exposure induced multi-organ oxidative stress. E-cigarette exposure increased expression of pro-oxidant enzymes in the endothelium resulting in increased superoxide production diminishing NO bioavailability. Additionally, e-cigarettes reduced the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase, contributing to decreases in NO. Mice supplemented with BL were protected against decreases in NO and BL pre-treatment in vitro reduced superoxide production. However, BL was not able to attenuate oxidative stress responses in the heart or lungs. These studies demonstrate the contribution of e-cigarettes to vascular pathologies through an increase in superoxide-producing enzymes and the ability of BL polyphenols to mitigate these deleterious effects in the vasculature. Further studies should explore the role of polyphenol-rich foods in protecting against cardiopulmonary conditions induced by chronic e-cigarette use and explore their use in the recovery period post-e-cigarette cessation to properly align with current public health messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen L Meister
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30367, USA
| | - Rafaela G Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
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Seo YS, Park JM, Kim JH, Lee MY. Cigarette Smoke-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Formation: A Concise Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1732. [PMID: 37760035 PMCID: PMC10525535 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor for numerous disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory conditions, and various forms of cancer. While the exact pathogenic mechanisms continue to be explored, the induction of oxidative stress via the production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely accepted as a primary molecular event that predisposes individuals to these smoking-related ailments. This review focused on how cigarette smoke (CS) promotes ROS formation rather than the pathophysiological repercussions of ROS and oxidative stress. A comprehensive analysis of existing studies revealed the following key ways through which CS imposes ROS burden on biological systems: (1) ROS, as well as radicals, are intrinsically present in CS, (2) CS constituents generate ROS through chemical reactions with biomolecules, (3) CS stimulates cellular ROS sources to enhance production, and (4) CS disrupts the antioxidant system, aggravating the ROS generation and its functions. While the evidence supporting these mechanisms is chiefly based on in vitro and animal studies, the direct clinical relevance remains to be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, this understanding is fundamental for deciphering molecular events leading to oxidative stress and for developing intervention strategies to counter CS-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.S.); (J.-M.P.); (J.-H.K.)
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Cha SR, Jang J, Park SM, Ryu SM, Cho SJ, Yang SR. Cigarette Smoke-Induced Respiratory Response: Insights into Cellular Processes and Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1210. [PMID: 37371940 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) poses a significant risk factor for respiratory, vascular, and organ diseases owing to its high content of harmful chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These substances are known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and senescence due to their exposure to environmental pollutants and the presence of oxidative enzymes. The lung is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress. Persistent oxidative stress caused by chronic exposure to CS can lead to respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and lung cancer. Avoiding exposure to environmental pollutants, like cigarette smoke and air pollution, can help mitigate oxidative stress. A comprehensive understanding of oxidative stress and its impact on the lungs requires future research. This includes identifying strategies for preventing and treating lung diseases as well as investigating the underlying mechanisms behind oxidative stress. Thus, this review aims to investigate the cellular processes induced by CS, specifically inflammation, apoptosis, senescence, and their associated biomarkers. Furthermore, this review will delve into the alveolar response provoked by CS, emphasizing the roles of potential therapeutic target markers and strategies in inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ryul Cha
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Jang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Min Ryu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Chen C, Du P, Zhang Z, Bao D. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibition arrests growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer via AMPK activation and oxidative stress. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220514. [PMID: 36852400 PMCID: PMC9961966 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor outcomes in advanced gastric cancer necessitate alternative therapeutic strategies. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH), an enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation step in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, has been identified as a promising therapeutic target in many cancers. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression and function of 6-PGDH in gastric cancer. We found that 6-PGDH expression and activity were aberrantly elevated in gastric cancer tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues. 6-PGDH knockdown using two independent shRNAs resulted in minimal 6-PGDH levels and activity, decreased growth, and enhanced gastric cancer cell sensitivity to 5-flurorouracil. However, 6-PGDH knockdown did not affect the cancer cells. Mechanistic studies showed that 6-PGDH inhibition disrupted lipid biosynthesis and redox homeostasis in gastric cancer, inhibited growth, and induced apoptosis. Notably, the in vitro findings were validated using an in vivo gastric cancer xenograft mouse model. This study established that 6-PGDH is broadly elevated in gastric cancer patients and that 6-PGDH inhibition can sensitize gastric cancer cells in response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang441021, China,Institute of Oncology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang441021, China
| | - Pan Du
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang441021, China,Institute of Oncology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang441021, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang441021, China
| | - Di Bao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang441021, China,Institute of Oncology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang441021, China
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