1
|
Duan X, Nie Y, Xie X, Zhang Q, Zhu C, Zhu H, Chen R, Xu J, Zhang J, Yang C, Yu Q, Cai K, Wang Y, Tian W. Sex differences and testosterone interfere with the structure of the gut microbiota through the bile acid signaling pathway. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1421608. [PMID: 39493843 PMCID: PMC11527610 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1421608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome has a significant impact on human wellness, contributing to the emergence and progression of a range of health issues including inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular problems, and psychiatric disorders. Notably, clinical observations have revealed that these illnesses can display differences in incidence and presentation between genders. The present study aimed to evaluate whether the composition of gut microbiota is associated with sex-specific differences and to elucidate the mechanism. Methods 16S-rRNA-sequencing technology, hormone analysis, gut microbiota transplantation, gonadectomy, and hormone treatment were employed to investigate the correlation between the gut microbiome and sex or sex hormones. Meanwhile, genes and proteins involved bile acid signaling pathway were analyzed both in the liver and ileum tissues. Results The composition and diversity of the microbiota from the jejunum and feces and the level of sex hormones in the serum differed between the sexes in young and middle-aged Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. However, no similar phenomenon was found in geriatric rats. Interestingly, whether in young, middle-aged, or old rats, the composition of the microbiota and bacterial diversity differed between the jejunum and feces in rats. Gut microbiota transplantation, gonadectomy, and hormone replacement also suggested that hormones, particularly testosterone (T), influenced the composition of the gut microbiota in rats. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein level of genes involved bile acid signaling pathway (specifically SHP, FXR, CYP7A1, and ASBT) exhibited gender-specific differences, and T may play a significant role in mediating the expression of this pathway. Conclusion Sex-specific differences in the structure of the gut microbiota are mediated by T through the bile acid signaling pathway, pointing to potential targets for disease prevention and management techniques by indicating that sex differences and T levels may alter the composition of the gut microbiota via the bile acid signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Duan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Yinli Nie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Han Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Changfu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Qi Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Kun Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang J, Huang C, Li S, Jiang X, Chang H, Li M. Research Progress Regarding the Effect and Mechanism of Dietary Polyphenols in Liver Fibrosis. Molecules 2023; 29:127. [PMID: 38202710 PMCID: PMC10779665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of liver fibrosis is a result of chronic liver injuries may progress to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. In recent years, liver fibrosis has become a major global problem, and the incidence rate and mortality are increasing year by year. However, there are currently no approved treatments. Research on anti-liver-fibrosis drugs is a top priority. Dietary polyphenols, such as plant secondary metabolites, have remarkable abilities to reduce lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and inflammation, and are attracting more and more attention as potential drugs for the treatment of liver diseases. Gradually, dietary polyphenols are becoming the focus for providing an improvement in the treatment of liver fibrosis. The impact of dietary polyphenols on the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent production of intestinal microbial metabolites has been observed to indirectly modulate signaling pathways in the liver, thereby exerting regulatory effects on liver disease. In conclusion, there is evidence that dietary polyphenols can be therapeutically useful in preventing and treating liver fibrosis, and we highlight new perspectives and key questions for future drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Congying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaolei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010020, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou 014040, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Almanza-Aguilera E, Cano A, Gil-Lespinard M, Burguera N, Zamora-Ros R, Agudo A, Farràs M. Mediterranean diet and olive oil, microbiota, and obesity-related cancers. From mechanisms to prevention. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:103-119. [PMID: 37543179 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil (OO) is the main source of added fat in the Mediterranean diet (MD). It is a mix of bioactive compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, simple phenols, secoiridoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. There is a growing body of evidence that MD and OO improve obesity-related factors. In addition, obesity has been associated with an increased risk for several cancers: endometrial, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, renal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, gastric cardia, meningioma, multiple myeloma, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, ovarian, gallbladder, and thyroid cancer. However, the epidemiological evidence linking MD and OO with these obesity-related cancers, and their potential mechanisms of action, especially those involving the gut microbiota, are not clearly described or understood. The goals of this review are 1) to update the current epidemiological knowledge on the associations between MD and OO consumption and obesity-related cancers, 2) to identify the gut microbiota mechanisms involved in obesity-related cancers, and 3) to report the effects of MD and OO on these mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Almanza-Aguilera
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ainara Cano
- Food Research, AZTI, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Lespinard
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Nerea Burguera
- Food Research, AZTI, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Marta Farràs
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mattioli AV, Moscucci F, Sciomer S, Maffei S, Nasi M, Pinti M, Bucciarelli V, Dei Cas A, Parati G, Ciccone MM, Palmiero P, Maiello M, Pedrinelli R, Pizzi C, Barillà F, Gallina S. Cardiovascular prevention in women: an update by the Italian Society of Cardiology working group on 'Prevention, hypertension and peripheral disease'. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:e147-e155. [PMID: 37186565 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The recent pandemic has substantially changed the approach to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in women. Women have been significantly impacted by the changes that occurred during the pandemic and the quarantine adopted to prevent the spread of the disease. Changes involved prevention both through the reduction of visits and preventive screening and through social and economic changes. It is necessary to adopt new cardiovascular prevention approaches focused on returning to healthy lifestyles, reducing stress and depression also using modern tools such as telemedicine, mobile phone applications and the web. These tools convey messages in a persuasive way especially in young and adult women. There is less impact of these new tools on older women towards whom it is important to adopt a more traditional approach. This review focuses on the new approach to cardiovascular prevention in women in light of the lifestyle changes recorded during the pandemic and which led to an increase in obesity examines the effects on the cardiovascular system induced by stress and depression and analyses the new high blood pressure guidelines and indications that are specific to women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | - Federica Moscucci
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome
| | - Susanna Sciomer
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome
| | | | - Milena Nasi
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | - Valentina Bucciarelli
- Department of Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Ancona 'Umberto I, G. M. Lancisi, G. Salesi', Ancona
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, University of Parma, Parma
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, S.Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan & Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan
| | - Marco Matteo Ciccone
- Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University 'A. Moro' of Bari, Bari
| | | | - Maria Maiello
- ASL Brindisi, Cardiology Equipe, District of Brindisi, Brindsi
| | - Roberto Pedrinelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine-Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Carmine Pizzi
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna
| | | | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mattioli AV, Selleri V, Zanini G, Nasi M, Pinti M, Stefanelli C, Fedele F, Gallina S. Physical Activity and Diet in Older Women: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 12:81. [PMID: 36614882 PMCID: PMC9821197 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and diet are essential for maintaining good health and preventing the development of non-communicable diseases, especially in the older adults. One aspect that is often over-looked is the different response between men and women to exercise and nutrients. The body's response to exercise and to different nutrients as well as the choice of foods is different in the two sexes and is strongly influenced by the different hormonal ages in women. The present narrative review analyzes the effects of gender on nutrition and physical activity in older women. Understanding which components of diet and physical activity affect the health status of older women would help target non-pharmacological but lifestyle-related therapeutic interventions. It is interesting to note that this analysis shows a lack of studies dedicated to older women and a lack of studies dedicated to the interactions between diet and physical activity in women. Gender medicine is a current need that still finds little evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Selleri
- Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giada Zanini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Milena Nasi
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Quality of Life, Alma Mater Studiorum, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|