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Jiang Z, Ainiwaer M, Liu J, Ying B, Luo F, Sun X. Hydrogen therapy: recent advances and emerging materials. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4136-4154. [PMID: 39021349 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen therapy, leveraging its selective attenuation of hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and ONOO-, has emerged as a pivotal pathophysiological modulator with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic attributes. Hydrogen therapy has been extensively studied both preclinically and clinically, especially in diseases with an inflammatory nature. Despite the substantial progress, challenges persist in achieving high hydrogen concentrations in target lesions, especially in cancer treatment. A notable breakthrough lies in water/acid reactive materials, offering enhanced hydrogen generation and sustained release potential. However, limitations include hydrogen termination upon material depletion and reduced bioavailability at targeted lesions. To overcome these challenges, catalytic materials like photocatalytic and sonocatalytic materials have surfaced as promising solutions. With enhanced permeability and retention effects, these materials exhibit targeted delivery and sustained stimuli-reactive hydrogen release. The future of hydrogen therapy hinges on continuous exploration and modification of catalytic materials. Researchers are urged to prioritize improved catalytic efficiency, enhanced lesion targeting effects, and heightened biosafety and biocompatibility in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mailudan Ainiwaer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fengming Luo
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
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Cheng D, Long J, Zhao L, Liu J. Hydrogen: A Rising Star in Gas Medicine as a Mitochondria-Targeting Nutrient via Activating Keap1-Nrf2 Antioxidant System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2062. [PMID: 38136182 PMCID: PMC10740752 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gas molecules O2, NO, H2S, CO, and CH4, have been increasingly used for medical purposes. Other than these gas molecules, H2 is the smallest diatomic molecule in nature and has become a rising star in gas medicine in the past few decades. As a non-toxic and easily accessible gas, H2 has shown preventive and therapeutic effects on various diseases of the respiratory, cardiovascular, central nervous system, and other systems, but the mechanisms are still unclear and even controversial, especially the mechanism of H2 as a selective radical scavenger. Mitochondria are the main organelles regulating energy metabolism in living organisms as well as the main organelle of reactive oxygen species' generation and targeting. We propose that the protective role of H2 may be mainly dependent on its unique ability to penetrate every aspect of cells to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 phase II antioxidant system rather than its direct free radical scavenging activity. In this review, we summarize the protective effects and focus on the mechanism of H2 as a mitochondria-targeting nutrient by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 system in different disease models. In addition, we wish to provide a more rational theoretical support for the medical applications of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Cheng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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