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Lou Y, Xu X, Lv L, Li X, Chu Z, Wang Y. Co-exposure to cadmium and triazophos induces variations at enzymatic and transcriptional levels in Opsariichthys bidens. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142561. [PMID: 38851508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals and pesticides are significant pollutants in aquatic environments, often leading to combined pollution and exerting toxic effects on aquatic organisms. With the rapid growth of modern industry and agriculture, heavy metal cadmium (Cd) and pesticide triazophos (TRI) are frequently detected together in various water bodies, particularly in agricultural watersheds. However, the combined toxic mechanisms of these pollutants on fish remain poorly understood. This experiment involved a 21-day co-exposure of Cd and TRI to the hook snout carp Opsariichthys bidens to investigate the toxic effects on liver tissues at both enzymatic and transcriptional levels. Biochemical analysis revealed that both individual and combined exposures significantly increased the content or activity of caspase-3 (CASP-3) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Moreover, the impact on these parameters was greater in the combined exposure groups compared to the corresponding individual exposure groups. These findings suggested that both individual and combined exposures could induce mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation damage, with combined exposure exacerbating the toxicological effects of each individual pollutant. Furthermore, at the molecular level, both individual and combined exposures upregulated the expression levels of cu-sod, cat, and erβ, while downregulating the expression of il-1. Similar to the patterns observed in the biochemical parameters, the combined exposure group exhibited a greater impact on the expression of these genes compared to the individual exposure groups. These results indicated that exposure to Cd, TRI, and their combination induced oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and immunosuppression in fish livers, with more severe effects observed in the combined exposure group. Overall, the interaction between Cd and TRI appeared to be synergistic, shedding light on the toxic mechanisms by which fish livers responded to these pollutants. These findings contributed to the understanding of mixture risk assessment of pollutants and were valuable for the conservation of aquatic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancen Lou
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang, China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhangjie Chu
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Jensen M, Poulsen R, Langebæk R, Jenssen BM, Moe J, Ciesielski TM, Dietz R, Sonne C, Madsen J, Hansen M. The metabolome of pink-footed goose: Heavy metals and lipid metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116043. [PMID: 37156351 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife is exposed to mixtures of environmental contaminants that affect health and population dynamics. Exposure to toxic heavy metals originating from anthropogenic sources may exert metabolic effects at even low exposure concentrations. Here we investigated the relationships between heavy metal exposure and metabolic changes in the migratory bird pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus). We used blood pellet and blood plasma samples from 27 free-ranging pink-footed geese to study heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) exposure in relation to the metabolome. The results relate blood concentrations of Cd (range: 0.218-1.09 ng/g), Cr (range: 0.299-5.60 ng/g), and Hg (range: 2.63-6.00 ng/g) to signal areas of fatty acids and other lipids, while no correlations were identified for Pb level (range: 21.0-64.2 ng/g) exposure. Lipid signal areas were negatively associated with concentrations of Cr and positively associated with Hg exposure (both p < 0.05). α-Linolenic acid and 9-oxononanoic acid were negatively correlated to Cr exposure (both p < 0.05) and were related in the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway. Compared to known thresholds for aviary species, the heavy metal concentrations are below levels of toxicity, which may explain the low number of metabolites that significantly change. Nevertheless, the heavy metal exposure is still correlated to changes in the lipid metabolism that may reduce migrating birds' breeding success and increase mortality for an exposed part of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Jensen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Rikke Poulsen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rikke Langebæk
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Johanna Moe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Arctic Technology, The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), P.O. Box 156, NO-9171, Longyearbyen, Norway
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jesper Madsen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 4-8, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Martin Hansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
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Irani S, Zhandi M, Sadeghi M, Yousefi AR, Marzban H, Rafieian-Naeini HR. The effect of dietary supplementation of coenzyme Q10 on reproductive variables of cadmium-challenged male Japanese quails (Coturnix Japonica). Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:837-850. [PMID: 36318374 PMCID: PMC10029911 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, efforts to produce more efficient poultry products have increased due to its high demand. Meanwhile, some stressors have a negative impact on poultry efficiency and reproduction. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with a high potential for inducing reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), with antioxidant properties, exerts a free radical-neutralizing effect on biological systems under stressful conditions. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary CoQ10 supplementation on reproductive variables of Cd-challenged male quails. METHODS Two hundred and sixteen 42-day-old Japanese quails with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3 were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 72) and fed by experimental diets from 9 to 13 weeks of age (woa). Treatments included a negative control (NC): feeding basal diet; positive control (PC): feeding basal diet and Cd administration (1 mg per 100 g body weight at 10 and 11 woa); and CdQ10: dietary supplementation of CoQ10 (900 mg per kg diet) and Cd administration. At 10 and 13 woa, liver and testis, cloacal gland index, sera concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), testicular histology, mRNA abundance of Hsp70 and fatty acid profile of testis, as well as hatchability and fertility, were measured. RESULTS Liver and testis weights, cloacal gland index, serum concentration of testosterone, ALT, MDA, TAC, mRNA abundance of HSP70, hatchability, and fertility were not affected by the treatments. However, Cd administration decreased seminiferous tubule diameter and seminiferous epithelium thickness (SET) in the PC group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). The proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in testis tissue was increased, and the proportion of PUFA and n-3 to n-6 PUFA ratio was decreased in the PC group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05). In addition, CoQ10 supplementation ameliorated the effect of Cd on decreasing SFA and increasing n-3 to n-6 PUFA ratio proportions. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, Cd exerts several adverse effects on reproductive-associated variables; some, but not all, of them are mitigated by CoQ10 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Irani
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zhandi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Yousefi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Havva Marzban
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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Branca JJV, Carrino D, Paternostro F, Morucci G, Fiorillo C, Nicoletti C, Gulisano M, Ghelardini C, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Becatti M, Pacini A. The Protection of Zinc against Acute Cadmium Exposure: A Morphological and Molecular Study on a BBB In Vitro Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101646. [PMID: 35626683 PMCID: PMC9140137 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known occupational and environmental pollutant worldwide, and its toxicity is widely recognised. Cd is reported to increase the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and to penetrate and accumulate in the brain. Although many lines of evidence show that Cd toxicity is induced by different mechanisms, one of the best known is the Cd-dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Zinc is a trace element known as coenzyme and cofactor for many antioxidant proteins, such as metallothioneins and superoxide dismutase enzymes. To date, very little is known about the role of Zn in preventing Cd-induced blood–brain barrier (BBB) alterations. The goal of this study was to test the Zn antioxidant capacity against Cd-dependent alterations in a rat brain endothelial cell line (RBE4), as an in vitro model for BBB. In order to mimic acute Cd poisoning, RBE4 cells were treated with CdCl2 30 µM for 24 h. The protective role of ZnCl2 (50 µM) was revealed by evaluating the cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, cytochrome C distribution, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein activity. Additionally, the effectiveness of Zn in counteracting the Cd-induced damage was investigated by evaluating the expression levels of proteins already known to be involved in the Cd signalling pathway, such as GRP78 (an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress protein), caspase3 pro- and cleaved forms, and BAX. Finally, we evaluated if Zn was able to attenuate the alterations of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), one of the tight-junction (TJ) proteins involved in the formation of the BBB. Our data clearly demonstrate that Zn, by protecting from the SOD activity impairment induced by Cd, is able to prevent the triggering of the Cd-dependent signalling pathway that leads to ZO-1 dislocation and downregulation, and BBB damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo J. V. Branca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Anatomy Section, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (D.C.); (F.P.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Donatello Carrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Anatomy Section, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (D.C.); (F.P.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Ferdinando Paternostro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Anatomy Section, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (D.C.); (F.P.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Gabriele Morucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (C.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Claudio Nicoletti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Anatomy Section, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (D.C.); (F.P.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Anatomy Section, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (D.C.); (F.P.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Firenze, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (C.G.); (L.D.C.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Firenze, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (C.G.); (L.D.C.M.)
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (C.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Histology and Anatomy Section, University of Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (D.C.); (F.P.); (C.N.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-2758067
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Dietary Orange Pulp and Organic Selenium Effects on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Profile, and Oxidative Stability Parameters of Broiler Chickens. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, orange pulp (OP) and/or organic Se were fed to broilers in order to investigate their effects on the performance, behavior, breast meat quality, and oxidative stability. A total of 240 chicks were allocated to four groups: a control group; an OP group, fed with OP at 50 g/kg of diet; a Se group, fed with organic Se at 0.15 ppm; and an OP + Se group, fed with OP and organic Se at 50 g/kg and 0.15 ppm, respectively. The selenium and OP + Se groups showed improved meat oxidative stability during frozen storage from 90 to 210 days (p < 0.05), whereas the performance and meat quality were unaffected by the dietary treatments (p > 0.05), apart from a reduction in the meat pH and the dressing percentage in the OP-supplemented groups (p < 0.05). A synergistic action between OP and Se was observed for the meat oxidative stability. The polyunsaturated fatty acid (FA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) contents in the breast meat lipid fractions were increased in the OP groups (p < 0.05). Dietary intervention did not affect the feeding or drinking behaviors of the broilers (p > 0.05). The dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with the citrus industry byproduct orange pulp at 50 g/kg, along with organic Se at 0.15 ppm, beneficially improves the meat oxidative stability and the meat nutritional value, with no negative side effects on the performance or the meat quality.
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Simple kinetic method for assessing catalase activity in biological samples. MethodsX 2021; 8:101434. [PMID: 34434854 PMCID: PMC8374698 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel kinetic method for measuring catalase activity in biological samples was evaluated. The principle of the current method is based on the oxidation effect of unreacted hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on pyrogallol red (PGR) using the catalytic effects of molybdenum. The decrease in the absorbance of PGR in the presence of H2O2 with time from 0.5 to 4.5 min was directly proportional to the concentration of H2O2, and, in turn, directly proportional to catalase activity. Erythrocyte lysate homogenates were used to measure catalase activity and the results of the current method were significantly correlated to those of the ammonium peroxovanadate method. The 3.1% within run and 4.7% between run coefficients of variation indicated the high precision of the present novel method. The validation process confirmed that the diagnostic method is appropriate for different types of biological samples. Here, we describe a rapid, relatively easy, and reliable method for measuring catalase activity. The assay could be applied as a diagnostic tool and is suitable in research contexts.A novel kinetic method for measuring catalase activity in biological samples was evaluated. The validation process confirmed that the diagnostic method is appropriate for different types of biological samples. The assay could be applied as a diagnostic tool and is suitable in research contexts.
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Mazandaran AA, Khodarahmi P. The protective role of Coenzyme Q10 in metallothionein-3 expression in liver and kidney upon rats' exposure to lead acetate. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3107-3115. [PMID: 33856607 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metallothionein-3 (MT3) is an antioxidant protein that alters after exposure to heavy metals. In this study, we investigated the hepatic and renal expression of MT3 gene following exposure to lead acetate (PbAc) alone and PbAc plus CoQ10 as an adjuvant antioxidant. Twenty-four rats were allocated into three groups, including control, PbAc (free access to drinking water contaminated with PbAc at 1 g/100 ml), and PbAc plus CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/day Oral). After 28 consecutive days of treatment, the mRNA expression of MT3 and Cyt-c genes and MT3 protein levels were assessed using real-time PCR and immunosorbent assay. The serum lipid profile was also monitored in the three groups. PbAc exposure significantly reduced the hepatic and renal MT3 mRNA and protein expression compared to the control group. This reduction was significantly increased with addition of CoQ10 to levels near those of the control group. The hepatic and renal expression of Cyt-c mRNA increased after treatment with PbAc, while such effect was reversed after addition of CoQ10. Alteration in lipid profile including increased cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were observed after PbAc exposure which were counteracted by CoQ10. Our results confirm the cytotoxic effects of acute lead exposure manifested as changes in the serum lipid profile and cellular levels of Cyt-c mRNA. These cytotoxic effects may have been caused by decreased MT3 gene expression and be reduced by the protective role of CoQ10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parvin Khodarahmi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran.
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Wang H, Han Q, Chen Y, Hu G, Xing H. Novel insights into cytochrome P450 enzyme and solute carrier families in cadmium-induced liver injury of pigs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111910. [PMID: 33444879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a typical pollutant and carcinogen in environment. Exposure assessment of contaminants is an important component of occupational and environmental epidemiological studies. Early studies of Cd have focused on aquatic animals, chickens and rats. However, toxicological evaluation of Cd in pigs has not been reported. Therefore, twelve pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6): the control group and the Cd group (Cd content: 15 ± 0.242 mg/kg feed) in this study, the experimental period was 30 d, and the toxic effects of Cd on the liver of weanling piglets were examined by antioxidant function, liver function, Cd content, histological examination and transcriptomics. The results showed that the changes of antioxidant function, liver function and Cd content were significant in the liver. Transcriptional profiling results showed that 399 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly up-regulated while 369 DEGs were remarkably down-regulated in Cd group, and which were concentrated in three ontologies: molecular function, cellular component and biological processes. Interestingly, significant changes in some genes of the cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP450) and solute carrier (SLC) families have been observed and were consistent with qRT-PCR results. In conclusion, Cd could cause liver injury in weanling piglets and change the transcriptomic characteristics of liver. CYP450 and SLC families play an indispensable role in Cd-mediated hepatotoxicity. Importantly, changes in mRNA levels of CYP2B22, CYP7A1, CYP8B1, SLC26A8, SLC11A1, SLC27A2 and SLC22A7 induced by Cd have been reported for the first time. Our findings will provide a new insight for better assessing the mechanism of Cd toxicity to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Houjuan Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Muscle Antioxidant Activity and Meat Quality Are Altered by Supplementation of Astaxanthin in Broilers Exposed to High Temperature. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111032. [PMID: 33113990 PMCID: PMC7690749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of dietary astaxanthin (AST) on the meat quality, antioxidant status, and immune response of chickens exposed to heat stress. Four hundred and eighty male broilers were assigned to four treatments including AST0, AST20, AST40, and AST80 with 0, 20, 40, and 80 ppm astaxanthin supplementation levels, respectively. There was a linear decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leg muscle. Catalase and superoxide dismutase levels in the plasma were linearly increased. There was a linear increase in the level of total antioxidant capacity in the leg muscle. The 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate reducing activity of leg muscle was significantly increased in the AST80 treatment. The AST40 treatment showed an increase in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity of leg muscles. Breast meat redness and yellowness were linearly increased. The astaxanthin-supplemented treatments exhibited lower drip loss and MDA concentration of leg muscle compared with the AST0 treatment at days 3 and 9 of storage. Supplementation of 40 or 80 mg/kg astaxanthin significantly decreased heat shock protein (HSP)27, HSP70, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-6 expression in the livers. The feather corticosterone was significantly lower in the astaxanthin-supplemented treatments than in the AST0 treatment. In conclusion, astaxanthin decreased the hyperthermic stress level and improved meat quality, and antioxidant status of chickens exposed to heat stress.
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Malyar RM, Li H, Liu D, Abdulrahim Y, Farid RA, Gan F, Ali W, Enayatullah H, Banuree SAH, Huang K, Chen X. Selenium/Zinc-Enriched probiotics improve serum enzyme activity, antioxidant ability, inflammatory factors and related gene expression of Wistar rats inflated under heat stress. Life Sci 2020; 248:117464. [PMID: 32097667 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study was carried out to investigate the influences of Selenium/Zinc-Enriched probiotics (SeZnP) on growth performance, serum enzyme activity, antioxidant capability, inflammatory factors and gene expression associated with Wistar rats inflated under high ambient thermal-stress. MAIN METHODS Sixty male rates with six-weeks of age were randomly allocated into five groups (12 per group) and fed basal diet (Control), basal diet supplemented with probiotics (P), Zinc-Enriched probiotics (ZnP, 100 mg/L), Selenium-Enriched Probiotics (SeP, 0.3 mg/L) and Selenium/Zinc-Enriched probiotics (SeZnP, 0.3 mg + 100 mg/L). The experiment lasted 30 days. Blood and Tissues samples were taken to investigate serum enzyme activity, antioxidants capability and inflammatory factors by using of commercial kits and antioxidant, heat shock and inflammatory related molecules expressions were determined by qRT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Data analysis revealed that thermal stress significantly increased the level of Aspartate-aminotransferase, Alanine-aminotransferase, Lactate-dehydrogenase, Creatine-kinase, blood urea nitrogen, Creatinine and Alkaline phosphatase compared to P, ZnP, SeP or SeZnP groups (P < 0.01). However, supplementation of ZnP, SeP, and SeZnP significantly enhanced glutathione content, glutathione-peroxidase & superoxide-dismutase activity, and decreased malondialdehyde content (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly increased while IL-10 was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of GPx1 and SOD1 genes were significantly increased, but COX-2, iNOS, HSP70 and 90 mRNA levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Finally, the highest influence of the mentioned parameters was observed in SeZnP supplemented group. SIGNIFICANCE Our study suggests that SeZnP supplementation serves as possible and best nutritive than ZnP or SeP for Wistar rats raising under high ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmani Mohammad Malyar
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
| | - Hu Li
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yassin Abdulrahim
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rawan Ahmad Farid
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
| | - Fang Gan
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Waseem Ali
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hamdard Enayatullah
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Kehe Huang
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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