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Cetintepe SP, Hazar M, Bilinmiş I, Aydin Dilsiz S, Basaran N. Evaluation of genotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune parameters of auto-paint workers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116970. [PMID: 37625540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The automotive industry is a very wide area from the manufacturing of the pieces of the engine, the body, plastics to the assembly of the car. There is a chemical risk at different stages of production because of the requirement of the use of many corrosive and irritant chemicals such as paints, adhesives, acids, and bases. The aim of the study was to determine the genotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune parameters of automotive paint workers in Ankara, Türkiye. DNA damage of workers mainly responsible from the painting of the automotives were evaluated using the alkaline comet assay and the levels of some oxidative stress and immune biomarkers were also investigated. Increased lymphocyte DNA damage and also higher 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed while decreased glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) levels were found in the workers compared to their controls There were no significant differences between the study groups in the levels of interleukin (IL)- 1beta, IL-17, IL-23, Clara cell secretory protein (CC16), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results show that occupational exposure to chemicals in automotive industry may cause DNA damage in workers due to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Pınar Cetintepe
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, 06500, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Merve Hazar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, 04100, Turkiye
| | - Izem Bilinmiş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Başkent University, Ankara, 06790, Turkiye
| | - Sevtap Aydin Dilsiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkiye
| | - Nursen Basaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Başkent University, Ankara, 06790, Turkiye.
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Durdik M, Markova E, Kosik P, Vigasova K, Gulati S, Jakl L, Vrobelova K, Fekete M, Zavacka I, Pobijakova M, Dolinska Z, Belyaev I. Assessment of Individual Radiosensitivity in Breast Cancer Patients Using a Combination of Biomolecular Markers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041122. [PMID: 37189740 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
About 5% of patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) develop RT-related side effects. To assess individual radiosensitivity, we collected peripheral blood from breast cancer patients before, during and after the RT, and γH2AX/53BP1 foci, apoptosis, chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronuclei (MN) were analyzed and correlated with the healthy tissue side effects assessed by the RTOG/EORTC criteria. The results showed a significantly higher level of γH2AX/53BP1 foci before the RT in radiosensitive (RS) patients in comparison to normal responding patients (NOR). Analysis of apoptosis did not reveal any correlation with side effects. CA and MN assays displayed an increase in genomic instability during and after RT and a higher frequency of MN in the lymphocytes of RS patients. We also studied time kinetics of γH2AX/53BP1 foci and apoptosis after in vitro irradiation of lymphocytes. Higher levels of primary 53BP1 and co-localizing γH2AX/53BP1 foci were detected in cells from RS patients as compared to NOR patients, while no difference in the residual foci or apoptotic response was found. The data suggested impaired DNA damage response in cells from RS patients. We suggest γH2AX/53BP1 foci and MN as potential biomarkers of individual radiosensitivity, but they need to be evaluated with a larger cohort of patients for clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matus Durdik
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Markova
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Kosik
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Vigasova
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sachin Gulati
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lukas Jakl
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Vrobelova
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Fekete
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiological Centrum, National Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ingrid Zavacka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiological Centrum, National Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Margita Pobijakova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiological Centrum, National Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Dolinska
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiological Centrum, National Cancer Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Igor Belyaev
- Department of Radiobiology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center v.v.i., Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Vinnikov V, Hande MP, Wilkins R, Wojcik A, Zubizarreta E, Belyakov O. Prediction of the Acute or Late Radiation Toxicity Effects in Radiotherapy Patients Using Ex Vivo Induced Biodosimetric Markers: A Review. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E285. [PMID: 33339312 PMCID: PMC7766345 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A search for effective methods for the assessment of patients' individual response to radiation is one of the important tasks of clinical radiobiology. This review summarizes available data on the use of ex vivo cytogenetic markers, typically used for biodosimetry, for the prediction of individual clinical radiosensitivity (normal tissue toxicity, NTT) in cells of cancer patients undergoing therapeutic irradiation. In approximately 50% of the relevant reports, selected for the analysis in peer-reviewed international journals, the average ex vivo induced yield of these biodosimetric markers was higher in patients with severe reactions than in patients with a lower grade of NTT. Also, a significant correlation was sometimes found between the biodosimetric marker yield and the severity of acute or late NTT reactions at an individual level, but this observation was not unequivocally proven. A similar controversy of published results was found regarding the attempts to apply G2- and γH2AX foci assays for NTT prediction. A correlation between ex vivo cytogenetic biomarker yields and NTT occurred most frequently when chromosome aberrations (not micronuclei) were measured in lymphocytes (not fibroblasts) irradiated to relatively high doses (4-6 Gy, not 2 Gy) in patients with various grades of late (not early) radiotherapy (RT) morbidity. The limitations of existing approaches are discussed, and recommendations on the improvement of the ex vivo cytogenetic testing for NTT prediction are provided. However, the efficiency of these methods still needs to be validated in properly organized clinical trials involving large and verified patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Vinnikov
- S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology, National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Manoor Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Ruth Wilkins
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada;
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Room 515, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Eduardo Zubizarreta
- Section of Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Oleg Belyakov
- Section of Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
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Biological Effects of Scattered Versus Scanned Proton Beams on Normal Tissues in Total Body Irradiated Mice: Survival, Genotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121170. [PMID: 33255388 PMCID: PMC7761103 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Side effects of proton therapy are poorly studied. Moreover, the differences in the method of dose delivery on normal tissues are not taken into account when proton beams are scanned instead of being scattered. We proposed here to study the effects of both modalities of proton beam delivery on blood; skin; lung and heart in a murine model. In that purpose; C57BL/6 mice were total body irradiated by 190.6 MeV proton beams either by Double Scattering (DS) or by Pencil Beam Scanning (PBS) in the plateau phase before the Bragg Peak. Mouse survival was evaluated. Blood and organs were removed three months after irradiation. Biomarkers of genotoxicity; oxidative stress and inflammation were measured. Proton irradiation was shown to increase lymphocyte micronucleus frequency; lung superoxide dismutase activity; erythrocyte and skin glutathione peroxidase activity; erythrocyte catalase activity; lung; heart and skin oxidized glutathione level; erythrocyte and lung lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte protein carbonylation even 3 months post-irradiation. When comparing both methods of proton beam delivery; mouse survival was not different. However, PBS significantly increased lymphocyte micronucleus frequency; erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity and heart oxidized glutathione level compared to DS. These results point out the necessity to take into account the way of delivering dose in PT as it could influence late side effects.
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