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Goswami J, Nalupurackal G, Lokesh M, Roy S, Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya A, Mahapatra PS, Roy B. Formation of Two-Dimensional Magnetically Responsive Clusters Using Hematite Particles Self-Assembled via Particle-Induced Heating at an Interface. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8487-8495. [PMID: 37733383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Hematite particles, which exhibit a high magnetic moment, are used to apply large forces on physical and biological systems under magnetic fields to investigate various phenomena, such as those of rheology and micromanipulation. However, the magnetic confinement of these particles requires complicated field configurations. On the other hand, laser-assisted optical confinement of single hematite particles results in thermophoresis and subsequent ejection of the particle from the laser spot. Herein, we explore an alternative strategy to induce the self-assembly of hematite. In this strategy, with indirect influence from an optically confined and heated upconverting particle (UCP) at an air-water interface, there is the generation of convection currents that facilitate assembly. We also show that the assembly remains at the interface even after removal of the laser light. The hematite particle assemblies can then be moved using magnetic fields and employed to perform interfacial rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Goswami
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centres in Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM)-Group, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Gokul Nalupurackal
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centres in Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM)-Group, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Muruga Lokesh
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centres in Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM)-Group, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srestha Roy
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centres in Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM)-Group, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Snigdhadev Chakraborty
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centres in Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM)-Group, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Arijit Bhattacharya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pallab Sinha Mahapatra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Basudev Roy
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centres in Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM)-Group, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Zhang B, Zhang XF, Shao M, Meng C, Ji F, Zhong MC. An opto-thermal approach for assembling yeast cells by laser heating of a trapped light absorbing particle. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:034105. [PMID: 37012788 DOI: 10.1063/5.0138812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell assembly has important applications in biomedical research, which can be achieved with laser-heating induced thermal convective flow. In this paper, an opto-thermal approach is developed to assemble the yeast cells dispersed in solution. At first, polystyrene (PS) microbeads are used instead of cells to explore the method of microparticle assembly. The PS microbeads and light absorbing particles (APs) are dispersed in solution and form a binary mixture system. Optical tweezers are used to trap an AP at the substrate glass of the sample cell. Due to the optothermal effect, the trapped AP is heated and a thermal gradient is generated, which induces a thermal convective flow. The convective flow drives the microbeads moving toward and assembling around the trapped AP. Then, the method is used to assemble the yeast cells. The results show that the initial concentration ratio of yeast cells to APs affects the eventual assembly pattern. The binary microparticles with different initial concentration ratios assemble into aggregates with different area ratios. The experiment and simulation results show that the dominant factor in the area ratio of yeast cells in the binary aggregate is the velocity ratio of the yeast cells to the APs. Our work provides an approach to assemble the cells, which has a potential application in the analysis of microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Xian-Feng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Shao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Chun Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Min-Cheng Zhong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
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Lokesh M, Nalupurackal G, Roy S, Chakraborty S, Goswami J, Gunaseelan M, Chowdhury IU, Bhallamudi VP, Sinha Mahapatra P, Roy B. Accelerated self assembly of particles at the air-water interface with optically assisted heating due to an upconverting particle. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:5075-5086. [PMID: 36785459 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Particles can be assembled at the air-water interface due to optically induced local heating. This induces convection currents in the water which brings particles to the surface. We improve the technique by employing an upconverting particle (UCP), which, when illuminated with 975 nm light, not only emits visible emission but also generates heat owing to the poor efficiency of the upconversion process. This induces strong convection currents which makes particles dispersed in the suspension assemble at the interface and immediately under the UCP. We show assembly of polystyrene particles of 1 μm diameter and diamonds of 500 nm diameter bearing Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers around the UCP. We also show, for the first time, that the microdiamonds are assembled within about 30 nm at the bottom of the UCP by utilizing non-radiative energy transfer that reduces the lifetime of the 550 nm emission from about 90 μs to about 50 μs.
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Interfacial Flows and Interfacial Shape Modulation Controlled by the Thermal Action of Light Energy. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids6020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The review covers the research on thermocapillary convection caused by the thermal action of laser radiation in single-layer and bilayer liquid systems of capillary thickness. The advantages of using optical radiation are the instantaneous delivery of thermal energy to a place on demand (a bulk phase, interfaces); low radiation power required; concentrating heat flux on a spot of a few micrometers; the production of arbitrary spatial distributions of radiation intensity; and, as a result, corresponding thermal fields at a liquid interface and their fast reconfiguration. Thermocapillary stresses at the liquid interfaces lead to the transfer of the liquid and a change in the shape of the interface, in accordance with the distribution of the light-induced thermal field. Studies concerned with the methods of non-destructive testing of liquid media and solids, which are based on a photothermocapillary signal emitted by a laser-induced concave deformation of a thin layer, are considered. Features of thermocapillary deformation of a liquid–air interface caused by local heating of thin and thick (exceeding the capillary length) layers are demonstrated. A part of the review addresses the results of the study of thermocapillary rupture of films in the heating zone and the application of this effect in semiconductor electronics and high-resolution lithography. The works on the light-induced thermocapillary effect in bilayer (multilayer) liquid systems are analyzed, including early works on image recording liquid layer systems, liquid IR transducers, and nonlinear optical media.
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Hwang JS, Arthanari S, Park JE, Yang M, Kim S, Kim SW, Lee H, Kim YJ. One-Step Template-Free Laser Patterning of Metal Microhoneycomb Structures. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200150. [PMID: 35388984 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal microhoneycomb structures have received considerable attention as a type of interaction-efficient functional devices owing to their unique morphology and material properties. Microhoneycomb structures are mainly fabricated using the well-known breath-figure method. However, additional post-treatments are required to produce a metal structure because it is a polymer-based process, and this necessitates expensive, complex, and multi-step fabrication processes. Therefore, a simple, low-cost metal honeycomb fabrication process is necessary. In this paper, the laser patterning of an organometallic solution to produce silver microhoneycomb (Ag microhoneycomb) structures is proposed. Various phenomena such as rapid organic evaporation, silver nanoparticle solidification, and material reorganization from Marangoni flow are found to enable patterning-induced microhoneycomb formation. Parametric studies demonstrate that the pore size can be easily controlled through simple laser parameter changes. In addition, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies confirm the potential electrochemical applications of the Ag microhoneycomb structures based on the variation of electrochemical redox behavior depending on the pore size. Owing to the excellent advantages of one-step laser patterning without any templates, the proposed process will likely promote the practical use of the metal microhoneycomb structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Sik Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Srinivasan Arthanari
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering Education, Chungnam National University (CNU), 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York, 119 Songdo Moonhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 21985, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York, 119 Songdo Moonhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 21985, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanha Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Huseung Lee
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering Education, Chungnam National University (CNU), 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Fellows AP, Casford MTL, Davies PB. Investigating Bénard–Marangoni migration at the air–water interface in the time domain using sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy of palmitic acid monolayers. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:164701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0090532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy is frequently used to investigate the structure of monolayer films of long-chain fatty acids at the air–water interface. Although labeled a non-invasive technique, introducing intense SFG lasers onto liquid interfaces has the potential to perturb them. In the present work, narrowband picosecond SFG is used to study the structural changes that occur in palmitic acid and per-deuterated palmitic acid monolayers at the air–water interface in response to the high field strengths inherent to SFG spectroscopy. In order to determine structural changes and identify measurement artifacts, the changes in specific resonance intensities were measured in real-time and over a broad range of surface concentrations from films spread onto a stationary Langmuir trough. Using narrowband instead of broadband SFG minimizes the overlap of the incident infrared beam in the lipid C–H stretching region with resonances from the water sub-phase. Nevertheless, narrowband SFG still generates a thermal gradient at the surface, which produces a significant decrease in local concentration in the area of the laser spot caused by Bérnard–Marangoni convection originating in the sub-phase. The decrease in concentration results in an increase in the conformational disorder and a decrease in the tilt angle of lipid tails. Crucially, it is shown that, even at the highest monolayer concentrations, this gives rise to a measurement effect, which manifests itself as a dependence on the spectral acquisition time. This effect should be taken into account when interpreting the structure of monolayer films on liquid surfaces deduced from their SFG spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Fellows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - M. T. L. Casford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - P. B. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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Li BW, He JW, Bai W, Wang HD, Ji F, Zhong MC. An approach of bubble generation and manipulation by using the photothermal effects of laser irradiation on light absorbing particles. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:114902. [PMID: 34852507 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photothermal effects have shown the possibilities for applications in optical manipulation. In this paper, an approach is demonstrated to generate and manipulate a bubble using the photothermal effects. First, a high-power laser is used to irradiate the light absorbing particles for creating a microbubble. The bubble grows up to a diameter of a few hundred micrometers in several seconds due to the diffusion of dissolved gases. The bubble does not float up and is confined at the lower boundary of the sample cell by the thermocapillary force. The force is induced by laser heating of the particles at the bubble base. Second, the bubble can be manipulated following the laser focal spot. The bubble is dragged by the horizontal component of thermocapillary force. The bubble re-grows as it moves because it absorbs the dissolved gases in its migration path. The bubble floats up finally when it grows up to the maximum size. The perpendicular component of thermocapillary force can be estimated equal to the buoyancy of the floated bubble and is about 38 nN at the laser power of 130 mW. Furthermore, we show the generation and manipulation of the bubbles in a capillary. The reason for the decrease in movement velocity in the capillaries has been studied and discussed. The approach of bubble manipulation shows a potential application in transporting the microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wei Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Wen He
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Bai
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Hao-Dong Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Min-Cheng Zhong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
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