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Krajewska A, Dziki D, Yilmaz MA, Özdemir FA. Physicochemical Properties of Dried and Powdered Pear Pomace. Molecules 2024; 29:742. [PMID: 38338485 PMCID: PMC10856639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pear pomace, a byproduct of juice production, represents a valuable reservoir of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits for humans. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of drying method and temperature on pear pomace, specifically focusing on the drying kinetics, grinding characteristics, color, phenolic profile (LC-MS/MS), and antioxidant activities of the powder. Drying using the contact method at 40 °C with microwave assistance demonstrated the shortest duration, whereas freeze-drying was briefer compared to contact-drying without microwave assistance. Freeze-drying resulted in brighter and more easily comminuted pomace. Lyophilized samples also exhibited higher total phenolic compound levels compared to contact-dried ones, correlating with enhanced antioxidant activity. Twenty-one phenolic compounds were identified, with dominant acids being quinic, chlorogenic, and protocatechuic. Flavonoids, primarily isoquercitrin, and rutin, were also presented. Pear pomace dried via contact at 60 °C contained more quinic and protocatechuic acids, while freeze-dried pomace at the same temperature exhibited higher levels of chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, and catechin. The content of certain phenolic components, such as gallic acid and epicatechin, also varied depending on the applied drying temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krajewska
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Dziki
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center (DUBTAM), 21280 Diyarbakır, Türkiye;
| | - Fethi Ahmet Özdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Türkiye;
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2
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Taghinezhad E, Kaveh M, Szumny A, Figiel A, Blasco J. Qualitative, energy and environmental aspects of microwave drying of pre-treated apple slices. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16152. [PMID: 37752295 PMCID: PMC10522627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present research, response parameters such as specific energy consumption (SEC), thermal efficiency (TE), energy efficiency (EF), drying time (DT), greenhouse gas (GHG) emission (such as CO2 and NOx), and quality features (color variation and shrinkage) were modeled by response surface methodology (RSM) for apple slices dried in a microwave dryer under ultrasonication (30 ℃-10 min) and blanching (80 °C-2 min) pretreatments. Also, RSM was applied to optimize two independent parameters including microwave power and sample thickness in the levels 100, 200, and 300 W and 2, 4, and 6 mm, respectively. The results indicated the significant influence (P < 0.01) of the independent parameters on the response parameters. The vales of SEC, DT, GHG emission, shrinkage, and color difference were linearly decreased with the declining sample thickness and increasing microwave power, while the energy and thermal efficiencies were increased by a quadratic equation. The use of ultrasonication and blanching pretreatments decreased the SEC, GHG emissions, and DT; while improving the quality of the samples as compared to the non-treated slices. The optimization results showed the optimal drying times (31.55, 82.19, and 50.55 min), SEC (3.42, 10.07, and 4.37 MJ/kg), CO2 with natural gas (1539.75, 1518.75, and 4585 g), CO2 with gas oil (3662.53, 2099.25, 2721.25 g), NOx with natural gas (10.094, 9.956, and 12.906 g), and NOx with gas oil (12.934, 12.758, and 16.538 g) at a microwave power of 300 W and sample thickness of 2 mm with desirability of 0.921, 0.935, and 0.916 for control samples, ultrasonicated, and blanched, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Taghinezhad
- Department of Agricultural Technology Engineering, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 5619911367, Ardabil, Iran.
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, CK Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Mohammad Kaveh
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, Knowledge University, 44001, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, CK Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Figiel
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37a, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - José Blasco
- Centro de Agroingeniería, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), CV-315, Km 10.7, Moncada, 46113, Valencia, Spain
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3
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Huang W, Huang D, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Huang S, Gong G. Ultrasound‐assisted hot air drying characteristics of
Phyllanthus emblica. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Yiting Qin
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Guiliang Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
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Obajemihi OI, Cheng JH, Sun DW. Novel sequential and simultaneous infrared-accelerated drying technologies for the food industry: Principles, applications and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:1465-1482. [PMID: 36239579 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2126963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Infrared drying (IRD) is considered an innovative drying solution for the food industry with advantages of energy-saving potentials, reduced drying time and production cost-effectiveness. However, IRD also suffers from drawbacks such as weak penetrative ability, and product overheating and burning. Therefore, over the years, significant progress has been made to overcome these shortcomings by developing infrared-accelerated drying (IRAD) technology based on the combination of IRD with other drying technologies. Although several reviews have been published on IRD, no review focusing on IRAD is yet available. The current review presents up-to-date knowledge and findings on the applications of IRAD technologies for enhancing the quality and safety of food. The fundamental principles and characteristics of IRAD, energy-saving potentials, simulation and optimization approaches for enhancing efficiency, and developments in various acceleration approaches by combining with other drying techniques for achieving better end-products are discussed, and challenges and future work for developing the novel accelerated drying technology are also presented. Due to the synergistic effects of sequential or simultaneous combined drying methods, the total drying time and energy required are drastically lowered with most IRAD technologies, and consequently there are significant improvements in the sensory, nutritional, and safety attributes of dried food products with better appearance and quality. The development of multi-wavelength IRAD systems based on infrared absorption bands, and the incorporation of novel sensing techniques for real-time monitoring during drying will further enhance process efficiency and food quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obafemi Ibitayo Obajemihi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hu Cheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China.,Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Kaveh M, Taghinezhad E, Witrowa‐Rajchert D, Imanian K, Khalife E, Nowacka M. Use of ultrasound pre‐treatment before microwave drying of kiwifruits – an optimization approach with response surface methodology. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kaveh
- Department of Petroleum Engineering College of Engineering Knowledge University, 44001 Erbil Iraq
| | - Ebrahim Taghinezhad
- Department of Agricultural Technology Engineering Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199‐11367 Ardabil Iran
| | - Dorota Witrowa‐Rajchert
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management Institute of Food Sciences Warsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW, 02‐776 Warsaw Poland
| | - Kamal Imanian
- Agricultural Engineering Research Department West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO Urmia Iran
| | - Esmail Khalife
- Department of Civil Engineering Cihan University‐ Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Małgorzata Nowacka
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management Institute of Food Sciences Warsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW, 02‐776 Warsaw Poland
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Rezvani Z, Mortezapour H, Ameri M, Akhavan H, Arslan S. Energy and exergy analysis of a water bed‐infrared dryer coupled with a photovoltaic‐thermal collector. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Rezvani
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
| | - Hamid Mortezapour
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
| | - Mehran Ameri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
| | - Hamid‐Reza Akhavan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
| | - Selçuk Arslan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biosystems Engineering Bursa Uludağ University Bursa TR Turkey
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Application of Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems for the Moisture Ratio of Parboiled Hulls. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Drying as an effective method for preservation of crop products is affected by various conditions and to obtain optimum drying conditions it is needed to be evaluated using modeling techniques. In this study, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector regression (SVR) was used for modeling the infrared-hot air (IR-HA) drying kinetics of parboiled hull. The ANFIS, ANN, and SVR were fed with 3 inputs of drying time (0–80 min), drying temperature (40, 50, and 60 °C), and two levels of IR power (0.32 and 0.49 W/cm2) for the prediction of moisture ratio (MR). After applying different models, several performance prediction indices, i.e., correlation coefficient (R2), mean square error index (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) were examined to select the best prediction and evaluation model. The results disclosed that higher inlet air temperature and IR power reduced the drying time. MSE values for the ANN, ANFIS tests, and SVR training were 0.0059, 0.0036, and 0.0004, respectively. These results indicate the high-performance capacity of machine learning methods and artificial intelligence to predict the MR in the drying process. According to the results obtained from the comparison of the three models, the SVR method showed better performance than the ANN and ANFIS methods due to its higher R2 and lower MSE.
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ABDELBASSET WK, ALRAWAILI SM, ELKHOLI SM, EID MM, ABD-ELGHANY AA, MAHMOUD MZ. The role of infrared waves in increasing the quality of food products. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.118421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Selected Quality Parameters of Air-Dried Apples Pretreated by High Pressure, Ultrasounds and Pulsed Electric Field-A Comparison Study. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081943. [PMID: 34441719 PMCID: PMC8393259 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to compare selected physicochemical properties of air dried ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, pretreated either by high-pressure processing (HPP), ultrasound (US) or pulsed electric field (PEF). Following parameters of pretreatment were used: HPP–400 MPa for 15 min, US–21 kHz, 180 W for 45 min, PEF–1 kV/cm, 3.5 kJ/kg. The quality of materials was evaluated by their rehydration properties, hygroscopicity, color and total phenolic content. To compare the effectiveness of the utilized methods, determined properties were expressed as relative comparison values against the reference sample obtained without any pretreatment in the same conditions. The performed research demonstrated that properties can be shaped by the application of proper pretreatment methods. For instance, PEF was shown to be the best method for improving water uptake during rehydration, whereas HPP was the most effective in decreasing hygroscopic properties in comparison with untreated dried apples. Among the investigated methods, HPP resulted in the deepest browning and thus total color difference, while the effects of US and PEF were comparable. For all pretreated dried apples, the total phenolic content was lower when compared with reference material, though the smallest drop was found in sonicated samples.
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Exergy and Energy Analyses of Microwave Dryer for Cantaloupe Slice and Prediction of Thermodynamic Parameters Using ANN and ANFIS Algorithms. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14164838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The study targeted towards drying of cantaloupe slices with various thicknesses in a microwave dryer. The experiments were carried out at three microwave powers of 180, 360, and 540 W and three thicknesses of 2, 4, and 6 mm for cantaloupe drying, and the weight variations were determined. Artificial neural networks (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) were exploited to investigate energy and exergy indices of cantaloupe drying using various afore-mentioned input parameters. The results indicated that a rise in microwave power and a decline in sample thickness can significantly decrease the specific energy consumption (SEC), energy loss, exergy loss, and improvement potential (probability level of 5%). The mean SEC, energy efficiency, energy loss, thermal efficiency, dryer efficiency, exergy efficiency, exergy loss, improvement potential, and sustainability index ranged in 10.48–25.92 MJ/kg water, 16.11–47.24%, 2.65–11.24 MJ/kg water, 7.02–36.46%, 12.36–42.70%, 11.25–38.89%, 3–12.2 MJ/kg water, 1.88–10.83 MJ/kg water, and 1.12–1.63, respectively. Based on the results, the use of higher microwave powers for drying thinner samples can improve the thermodynamic performance of the process. The ANFIS model offers a more accurate forecast of energy and exergy indices of cantaloupe drying compare to ANN model.
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