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Elraggal A, Abdelraheem IM, Watts DC, Roy S, Dommeti VK, Alshabib A, Althaqafi KA, Afifi RR. Biomechanical reinforcement by CAD-CAM materials affects stress distributions of posterior composite bridges: 3D finite element analysis. Dent Mater 2024; 40:869-877. [PMID: 38609774 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This 3D finite element analysis study aimed to investigate the effect of reinforcing CAD-CAM bars on stress distribution in various components of a posterior composite bridge. METHODS A virtual model mimicking the absence of an upper second premolar was created, featuring class II cavity preparations on the proximal surfaces of the adjacent abutment teeth surrounding the edentulous space. Five distinct finite element analysis (FEA) models were generated, each representing a CAD-CAM reinforcing bar material: 3-YTZP (IPS. emax ZirCAD MO; Zr), lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD; EX), nano-hybrid resin composite (Grandio Blocs; GB), Fibre-reinforced composite (Trilor; Tri), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). A veneering resin composite was employed to simulate the replacement of the missing premolar (pontic). In the FEA, an axial force of 600 N and a transverse load of 20 N were applied at the center of the pontic. Subsequently, maximum von Mises (mvM) and maximum principal stresses (σmax) were computed across various components of the generated models. Additionally, shear stresses at the interface between the CAD-CAM bars and the veneering resin composite were determined. RESULTS CAD-CAM materials with high modulus of elasticity, such as Zr and EX, exhibited the highest mvM stresses and shear stresses while transferring the lowest stress to the veneering resin composite in comparison to other materials. Conversely, PEEK demonstrated the lowest mvM stresses but produced the highest stresses within the veneering resin composite. There was a uniform distribution of mvM stresses in the remaining tooth structure among all groups, except for a noticeable elevation in the molar region of Zr and EX groups. SIGNIFICANCE Reinforcing CAD-CAM bar materials with a high modulus of elasticity, such as Zr and EX, may result in debonding failures at the connector sites of posterior composite bridges. Conversely, GB, PEEK, and Tri have the potential to cause fracture failures at the connectors rather than debonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaeldin Elraggal
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Islam M Abdelraheem
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - David C Watts
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sandipan Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vamsi Krishna Dommeti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdulrahman Alshabib
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Abid Althaqafi
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Umm Al Qura, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania R Afifi
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Tiron B, Forna NC, Tărăboanță I, Stoleriu S, Topoliceanu C, Sălceanu M, Brânzan R, Iovan G. The Evaluation of the Cervical Marginal Sealing of Direct vs. Indirect Composite Resin Restorations in MOD Cavities. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:92. [PMID: 38668004 PMCID: PMC11048988 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the quality of marginal sealing at the cervical margins of indirect and direct composite resin restorations in mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities. MATERIAL AND METHOD MOD preparations were performed on 30 extracted teeth. The mesial cervical margin of each tooth was relocated using a flow composite resin (Enamel Plus HRi Flow, Micerium, Avegno, GE, Italy), then the samples were divided into three groups. In group A, the cavities were directly restored using a nanohybrid composite resin (Miris 2 Coltène Whaledent, Altstaetten, Switzerland) and a universal adhesive (ScotchBond Universal, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) by the etch-and-rinse strategy, for group B, the restoration procedure was similar but the self-etch strategy was used, and the samples in group C were filled using the inlay technique. Each sample was stored for 48 h in a 2% methylene blue solution, then it was cut in a mesio-distal direction using a Struers Secotom 50 device (Cleveland, OH, USA). The marginal sealing and adhesive interface were assessed for each sample at the cervical margin by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Significant differences were recorded within groups A and C, between mesial and distal margins (p = 0.02 in group A and p = 0.043 in group C). CONCLUSIONS The marginal sealing is more effective in MOD inlay restoration compared to direct restorations. Relocation of the cervical margin with flow composite resin and the use of different adhesive strategies do not improve the marginal sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norina Consuela Forna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionuț Tărăboanță
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Galea Mifsud R, Muscat GA, Grima-Cornish JN, Dudek KK, Cardona MA, Attard D, Farrugia PS, Gatt R, Evans KE, Grima JN. Auxetics and FEA: Modern Materials Driven by Modern Simulation Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1506. [PMID: 38612021 PMCID: PMC11012591 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Auxetics are materials, metamaterials or structures which expand laterally in at least one cross-sectional plane when uniaxially stretched, that is, have a negative Poisson's ratio. Over these last decades, these systems have been studied through various methods, including simulations through finite elements analysis (FEA). This simulation tool is playing an increasingly significant role in the study of materials and structures as a result of the availability of more advanced and user-friendly commercially available software and higher computational power at more reachable costs. This review shows how, in the last three decades, FEA proved to be an essential key tool for studying auxetics, their properties, potential uses and applications. It focuses on the use of FEA in recent years for the design and optimisation of auxetic systems, for the simulation of how they behave when subjected to uniaxial stretching or compression, typically with a focus on identifying the deformation mechanism which leads to auxetic behaviour, and/or, for the simulation of their characteristics and behaviour under different circumstances such as impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Galea Mifsud
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Grace Anne Muscat
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
| | - James N. Grima-Cornish
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Krzysztof K. Dudek
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Gora, ul. Szafrana 4a, 65-069 Zielona Gora, Poland;
| | - Maria A. Cardona
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Daphne Attard
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Pierre-Sandre Farrugia
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Ruben Gatt
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
| | - Kenneth E. Evans
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK;
| | - Joseph N. Grima
- Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (R.G.M.); (G.A.M.); (J.N.G.-C.); (M.A.C.); (D.A.); (P.-S.F.); (R.G.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
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Saravi B, Ilbertz J, Vach K, Kohal RJ, Patzelt SBM. Accuracy of Computerized Optical Impression Making in Fabrication of Removable Dentures for Partially Edentulous Jaws: An In Vivo Feasibility Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:458. [PMID: 37754872 PMCID: PMC10532381 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of computerized optical impression making (COIM) for the fabrication of removable dentures for partially edentulous jaws is a rising trend in dental prosthetics. However, the accuracy of this method compared with that of traditional impression-making techniques remains uncertain. We therefore decided to evaluate the accuracy of COIM in the context of partially edentulous jaws in an in vivo setting. Twelve partially edentulous patients with different Kennedy classes underwent both a conventional impression (CI) and a computerized optical impression (COI) procedure. The CI was then digitized and compared with the COI data using 3D analysis software. Four different comparison situations were assessed: Whole Jaw (WJ), Mucosa with Residual Teeth (M_RT), Isolated Mucosa (IM), and Isolated Abutment Teeth (AT). Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate group differences by quantifying the deviation values between the CIs and COIs. The mean deviations between the COIs and CIs varied significantly across the different comparison situations, with mucosal areas showing higher deviations than dental hard tissue. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the maxilla and mandible. Although COIM offers a no-pressure impression method that captures surfaces without irritation, it was found to capture mucosa less accurately than dental hard tissue. This discrepancy can likely be attributed to software algorithms that automatically filter out mobile tissues. Clinically, these findings suggest that caution is required when using COIM for prosthetics involving mucosal tissues as deviations could compromise the fit and longevity of the prosthetic appliance. Further research is warranted to assess the clinical relevance of these deviations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Saravi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Street 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julia Ilbertz
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Street 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.I.); (R.J.K.)
- Private Dental Clinic, Am Dorfplatz 3, 78658 Zimmern ob Rottweil, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 26, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Ralf J. Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Street 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.I.); (R.J.K.)
| | - Sebastian B. M. Patzelt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Street 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.I.); (R.J.K.)
- Private Dental Clinic, Am Dorfplatz 3, 78658 Zimmern ob Rottweil, Germany
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Călinoiu ȘG, Bîcleșanu C, Florescu A, Stoia DI, Dumitru C, Miculescu M. Comparative Study on Interface Fracture of 4th Generation 3-Steps Adhesive and 7th Generation Universal Adhesive. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5834. [PMID: 37687525 PMCID: PMC10488864 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to compare the fracture behavior of interfaces obtained using fourth-generation and universal dental adhesives. The study relies on optic and SEM to evaluate the dentin-adhesive-restoration material interface of the samples and also on FEA simulation of fracture behavior. Specimen fabrication relied on 20 extracted teeth, in which class I cavities were created according to a protocol established based on the rules of minimally invasive therapy. For the direct adhesive technique, the adhesives used were: three-step All Bond, three-batch A and one-step Clearfil Universal Bond Quick-batch B. The restoration was performed with the same composite for both adhesives: Gradia direct posterior. The simulation used a 3D reconstructed molar on which geometric operations were performed to obtain an assembly that replicated a physical specimen. Material properties were applied to each component based on the information found in the literature. A simplified model for crack propagation was constructed, and using the fracture mechanics tool in Ansys 2019, the stress intensity factors that act at the crack tip of the adhesive interface were obtained. Mechanical simulation and microscopic investigation showed us how the interface of the dentine-adhesive-filling material performed in cases of both dental adhesives and for a certain loading condition. Important differences were identified among the adhesives, the fourth generation being superior to the fourth generation especially due to the separate steps in which the tooth surface was prepared for adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ștefan George Călinoiu
- Doctoral School of Dentistry, Organizing Institution of University Doctoral Studies, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 67A Gh. Petrascu Street, 040441 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cornelia Bîcleșanu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 67A Gh. Petrascu Street, 040441 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Anamaria Florescu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 67A Gh. Petrascu Street, 040441 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Dan Ioan Stoia
- Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Politehnica University of Timisoara, No.1 Mihai Viteazu Avenue, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cătălin Dumitru
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 67A Gh. Petrascu Street, 040441 Bucharest, Romania; (C.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Marian Miculescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
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Budala DG, Martu MA, Maftei GA, Diaconu-Popa DA, Danila V, Luchian I. The Role of Natural Compounds in Optimizing Contemporary Dental Treatment-Current Status and Future Trends. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050273. [PMID: 37233383 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For a long period of time, natural remedies were the only ailment available for a multitude of diseases, and they have proven effective even after the emergence of modern medicine. Due to their extremely high prevalence, oral and dental disorders and anomalies are recognized as major public health concerns. Herbal medicine is the practice of using plants with therapeutic characteristics for the purpose of disease prevention and treatment. Herbal agents have made a significant entry into oral care products in recent years, complementing traditional treatment procedures due to their intriguing physicochemical and therapeutic properties. There has been a resurgence of interest in natural products because of recent updates, technological advancements, and unmet expectations from current strategies. Approximately eighty percent of the world's population uses natural remedies, especially in poorer nations. When conventional treatments have failed, it may make sense to use natural drugs for the treatment of pathologic oral dental disorders, as they are readily available, inexpensive, and have few negative effects. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and applications of natural biomaterials in dentistry, to gather relevant information from the medical literature with an eye toward its practical applicability, and make suggestions for the directions for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Gabriela Budala
- Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Prostheses Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Maria-Alexandra Martu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - George-Alexandru Maftei
- Department of Dento-Alveolar Surgery and Oral Pathology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iași, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Diana Antonela Diaconu-Popa
- Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Prostheses Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Vlad Danila
- Department of Dento-Alveolar Surgery and Oral Pathology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iași, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Ionut Luchian
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
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Katta M, Petrescu SMS, Dragomir LP, Popescu MR, Georgescu RV, Țuculină MJ, Popa DL, Duță A, Diaconu OA, Dascălu IT. Using the Finite Element Method to Determine the Odonto-Periodontal Stress for a Patient with Angle Class II Division 1 Malocclusion. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091567. [PMID: 37174958 PMCID: PMC10177595 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The finite element method (FEM) is a computational method that can solve all biomechanical problems, including the field of orthodontics. The purpose of this virtual experimental study is to determine the behavior of a real orthodontic system subjected to different systems of loads. To analyze the real orthodontic system, we studied the case of a 21-year-old female patient. We used the InVesalius program, which can transform a set of DICOM-type images taken from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) into three-dimensional structures. These structures were edited, modified, completed, and analyzed from a geometric point of view with the help of the Geomagic software. The final result of these operations must be a three-dimensional model made up of perfectly closed surfaces so that they can be transformed into virtual solids. The model consisting of perfectly closed surfaces is loaded into computer-aided design (CAD) programs. Bracket and tube components, as well as orthodontic wires, can be added to these models, similar to the analyzed patient's tissues. When the model is complete and geometrically correct, it is exported to a program that uses FEM, such as Ansys Workbench. The simulation was performed for the forces of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1 N. The intention was to determine the behavior of the entire orthodontic system for these force values. After running the simulations, result maps were obtained that were composed of displacement, strain, and stress diagrams. It was also found that, in addition to the known rigidity, the orthodontic system has some elasticity due to the orthodontic wires, as well as the periodontal ligaments. Thus, a virtual analysis study can be carried out starting from a real patient with pre-treatment CBCT images and the virtual models of the bracket and tube elements and of the orthodontic wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Katta
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Stelian-Mihai-Sever Petrescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Lucian Paul Dragomir
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mihai Raul Popescu
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Voinea Georgescu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University of Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Jana Țuculină
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dragoș Laurențiu Popa
- Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Duță
- Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania
| | - Oana Andreea Diaconu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ionela Teodora Dascălu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Kasem AT, Elsherbiny AA, Abo-Madina M, Tribst JPM, Al-Zordk W. Effect of different designs of minimally invasive cantilever resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses replacing mandibular premolar: Long-term fracture load and 3D finite element analysis. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:e41-e51. [PMID: 36502276 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the fracture load and stress magnitude of different retainer designs of minimally invasive cantilever resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs) after artificial aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty caries-free human mandibular molars were prepared as abutments for cantilever fixed dental prostheses using different retainer designs: one wing (OW), two wings (TW), inlay ring (IR), lingual coverage (LC), and occlusal coverage (OC). Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing were used for milling the RBFDPs using fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), and the restorations were adhesively bonded. The specimens were then subjected to thermomechanical aging and loaded until failure. The 3D finite element analysis (FEA) was performed with five models of retainer designs similar to the in vitro test. Modified von Mises stress values on enamel, dentine, luting resin, and restorations were examined. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (p < 0.001). RESULTS A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was found between all groups except between IR and LC and between OW and TW designs, with the highest mean failure load detected for OC (534.70 N) and the lowest detected for OW (129.80 N). With regard to failure mode, OW, TW, and LC showed more incidences of favorable failure patterns than IR and OC designs. FEA showed that FRC transmitted low stresses in tooth structure and high stresses to the luting resin. CONCLUSIONS LC and OC designs can be used to design cantilever RBFDPs in premolar area. IR design transmitted more stresses to the tooth structure and resulted in 30% catastrophic failure. OW and TW were below the normal occlusal force and should be carefully used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar T Kasem
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Ahmed Elsherbiny
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manal Abo-Madina
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - João Paulo M Tribst
- Department of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Walid Al-Zordk
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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León Velastegui M, Montiel-Company JM, Agustín-Panadero R, Fons-Badal C, Solá-Ruíz MF. Enamel Wear of Antagonist Tooth Caused by Dental Ceramics: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6547. [PMID: 36362777 PMCID: PMC9657667 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the wear of the antagonist tooth in ceramic restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was carried out based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) recommendations; it was also registered in PROSPERO (register number: CRD42022316252). Three databases were consulted in the literature search, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. The citation searching was conducted by two researchers independently. The clinical studies that evaluated wear in antagonist teeth concerning ceramic restoration were included. Twelve articles were selected after eliminating duplicates ones and applying the inclusion criteria, and two were chosen through citation. Fourteen articles were considered for the qualitative and quantitative analysis (meta-regression and meta-analysis). RESULTS The mean linear wear of the antagonist tooth in relation to feldspathic was 8.914 μm, for lithium disilicate it was 0.018 μm, and for zirconia it was 0.257 μm. The mean volumetric wear of the antagonist tooth in relation to feldspathic was 0.273 mm3, for hybrid ceramic it was 0.030 mm3, for lithium disilicate it was 0.018 mm3, and for zirconia it was 0.014 mm3. The mean natural tooth wear was 0.7974 μm per month. Tooth wear caused by zirconia at six months was 31.755 μm, at 12 months it was 24.648 μm, and at 24 months it was 20.662 μm. CONCLUSIONS Feldspathic produces greater wear of the antagonist tooth from ceramic restorations linearly and volumetrically. In addition, zirconia generates the least wear that will decrease over time, and it will be equal to or less than the natural wear in the tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel León Velastegui
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba 060103, Ecuador
| | - José María Montiel-Company
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Agustín-Panadero
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Fons-Badal
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Solá-Ruíz
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Mârțu I, Murariu A, Baciu ER, Savin CN, Foia I, Tatarciuc M, Diaconu-Popa D. An Interdisciplinary Study Regarding the Characteristics of Dental Resins Used for Temporary Bridges. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060811. [PMID: 35744074 PMCID: PMC9231152 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The surface condition of the materials that are used for temporary prostheses influences their microbial colonization, with a direct impact on the oral tissues. This study aims at a comparative analysis of three types of resins for temporary bridges using conventional and digital technologies. The attention was focused on the analysis of the surface characteristics and mechanical strength of these materials. Materials and Methods: The surface condition was assessed for three distinct materials both before and after polishing- heat-curing resin Superpont C + B (SpofaDental, Jicin, Czech Republic) used unconventional technology, Zotion dental milling polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) block (Zotion, Chongqing, China) for provisional crowns/bridges used in digital subtractive technologies and Freeprint Temp (Detax GmbH & Co. KG, Ettlingen, Germany) resin for temporary crowns and bridges that are used in 3D printing technologies. The two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that polishing leads to a statistically significant increase in roughness coefficients for all the three resins that were tested (p < 0.001). While the highest roughness coefficients were displayed in the 3D cured sample, the largest decrease was reported by the milled sample Results: The results revealed that surface roughness was significantly influenced by both the type of resin that was used (p < 0.001) and the treatment that was induced by finishing and polishing (p < 0.001). Similar p-values were obtained for each of the three resins. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a significant optimization of the surfaces after finishing and polishing and statistically significant differences between the surface parameters and the mechanical properties of the samples. The low values of the roughness and the acceptable values of the mechanical resistance for the conventional samples indicate these materials for the long-term temporary bridge’s realization, allowing the correct restoration of the functions and the rehabilitation at the oral level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Mârțu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Discipline of Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.); (D.D.-P.)
| | - Alice Murariu
- Department of Surgery, Discipline of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elena Raluca Baciu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Discipline of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.R.B.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Carmen Nicoleta Savin
- Department of Surgery, Discipline of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.R.B.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Iolanda Foia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, Discipline of Hygiene, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Monica Tatarciuc
- Department of Oral Implantology, Discipline of Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.); (D.D.-P.)
| | - Diana Diaconu-Popa
- Department of Oral Implantology, Discipline of Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.); (D.D.-P.)
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Biomechanical Efficacy and Effectiveness of Orthodontic Treatment with Transparent Aligners in Mild Crowding Dentition-A Finite Element Analysis. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093118. [PMID: 35591454 PMCID: PMC9104142 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Orthodontic treatment increasingly involves transparent aligners; however, biomechanical analysis of their treatment effects under clinical conditions is lacking. We compared the biomechanical efficacy and effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with transparent aligners and of fixed appliances in simulated clinical orthodontic treatment conditions using orthodontic finite element (FE) models. In the FE analysis, we used Model Activation/De-Activation analysis to validate our method. Fixed appliances and 0.75-mm and 0.5-mm thick transparent aligners were applied to a tooth-alveolar bone FE model with lingually-inclined and axially-rotated central incisors. Compared to the fixed appliance, the 0.75-mm and 0.5-mm transparent aligners induced 5%, 38%, and 28% and 21%, 62%, and 34% less movement of the central incisors and principal stress of the periodontal ligament and of the alveolar bone, respectively, for lingual inclination correction. For axial-rotation correction, these aligners induced 22%, 37%, and 40% and 28%, 67%, and 48% less tooth movement and principal stress of the periodontal ligament and of the alveolar bone, respectively. In conclusion, transparent aligners induced less tooth movement, it is sufficient for orthodontic treatment, but 0.5-mm aligners should be used for only mild corrections. Additionally, the Model Activation/De-Activation analysis method is suitable for FE analysis of orthodontic treatment reflecting clinical treatment conditions.
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dentistry and Dental Education: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052537. [PMID: 35270230 PMCID: PMC8909967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Dentists and dental staff have an increased risk of airborne infection with pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 since they are exposed to high levels of droplets and aerosols produced during specific dental procedures. Hence, new guidelines such as patient screening and temperature control, air purification, space, surface and hand sanitizing and the use of protective equipment and physical barriers have been successfully implemented. In addition, the use of teledentistry has expanded considerably in pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, oral medicine and periodontics in order to address oral and dental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic while minimizing virus transmission. Thus, teleconsultation, telediagnosis, teletriage, teletreatment and telemonitoring have emerged as valuable tools not only in the delivery of care, but also in the academic and research training of dental health professionals. This narrative review summarizes the current literature on the impact of the pandemic on dental care, dental staff and dental education, with an emphasis on how newly emerging protocols and technologies can be successfully utilized as integral parts of various branches of the dental practice and their future implications without compromising patient care.
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Periodontal Tissue Reaction Consecutive Implantation of Endodontic Materials and Subsequent Integration of Complex Oral Rehabilitation Treatments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral rehabilitation is a main branch of dentistry focused on diagnosing the patient’s problem and creating a treatment plan to restore aesthetics, recondition morphologically all components, and recover the functionality of the oral cavity. Biological compatibility of the materials used has a major importance, due to the direct contact with essential tissues, such as the soft and hard tissue of the periodontium and the potential influence on the outcome of the treatment. The present material aims to assess the inflammatory response after subcutaneous implantation of three materials frequently used in endodontics (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate—MTA, DiaRoot BioAggregate, and Sealapex). The evaluation of the reparative tissue reaction after 7, 30, and 60 days, respectively, subsequent to in vivo implantation, was carried out through electron microscopy imaging. Moreover, evaluation of the dynamics of the osteogenesis process was an indicator for the maintenance of internal homeostasis in the context of complex intraoral rehabilitation treatments that include fixed prosthodontics correlated with the particular periodontal-aesthetic aspects and completed by cranio-mandibular repositioning. Our study showed increased absolute values of alkaline phosphatase in all material-implanted cases (more pronounced in MTA and Bio Aggregate), highlighting that this enzyme could be an effective indicator of bone formation, which takes place after the material implantation, with the most significant elevated values at 30 days postoperatively.
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Influence of Resin Cement Thickness and Elastic Modulus on the Stress Distribution of Zirconium Dioxide Inlay-Bridge: 3D Finite Element Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223863. [PMID: 34833162 PMCID: PMC8625147 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties and the thickness of the resin cement agents used for bonding inlay bridges can modify the clinical performance of the restoration such as debonding or prosthetic materials fracture. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution and the maximum strain generated by resin cements with different elastic moduli and thicknesses used to cement resin-bonded fixed partial denture (RBFPD). A three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) was used, and a 3D model was created based on a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography system (CBCT). The model was analyzed by the Ansys software. The model fixation occurred at the root of the abutment teeth and an axial load of 300 N was applied on the occlusal surface of the pontic. The highest stress value was observed for the Variolink 0.4 group (1.76 × 106 Pa), while the lowest was noted for the Panavia 0.2 group (1.07 × 106 Pa). Furthermore, the highest total deformation value was found for the Variolink 0.2 group (3.36 × 10-4 m), while the lowest was observed for the Panavia 0.4 group (2.33 × 10-4 m). By means of this FEA, 0.2 mm layer Panavia F2.0 seemed to exhibit a more favorable stress distribution when used for cementation of posterior zirconium-dioxide-based RBFPD. However, both studied materials possessed clinically acceptable properties.
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Using FEM to Assess the Effect of Orthodontic Forces on Affected Periodontium. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Orthodontic treatment in patients with no periodontal tissue breakdown vs. horizontal bone loss should be approached with caution even though it can bring significant benefits in terms of periodontal recovery and long-term success. We used the finite element method (FEM) to simulate various clinical scenarios regarding the periodontal involvement: healthy with no horizontal bone loss, moderate periodontal damage (33%) and severe horizontal bone loss (66%). Afterwards, forces of different magnitudes (0.25 N, 1 N, 3 N, and 5 N) were applied in order to observe the behavioral patterns. Through mathematical modeling, we recorded the maximum equivalent stresses (σ ech), the stresses on the direction of force application (σ c) and the displacements produced (f) in the whole tooth–periodontal ligament–alveolar bone complex with various degrees of periodontal damage. The magnitude of lingualization forces in the lower anterior teeth influences primarily the values of equivalent tension, then those of the tensions in the direction in which the force is applied, and lastly those of the displacement of the lower central incisor. However, in the case of the lower lateral incisor, it influences primarily the values of the tensions in the direction in which the force is applied, then those of equivalent tensions, and lastly those of displacement. Anatomical particularities should also be considered since they may contribute to increased periodontal risk in case of lingualization of the LLI compared to that of the LCI, with a potential emergence of the “wedge effect”. To minimize periodontal hazards, the orthodontic force applied on anterior teeth with affected periodontium should not exceed 1 N.
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