Hepatoprotective Effects of Chitosan and Chitosan Nanoparticles against Biochemical, Genetic, and Histological Disorders Induced by the Toxicity of Emamectin Benzoate.
Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022;
10:506-514. [PMID:
34981029 DOI:
10.52547/rbmb.10.3.506]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background
Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is a biopesticide which used in agriculture as an insecticide. It is easier to reach ecologically and affects human health. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles against EMB-induced hepatotoxicity.
Methods
Male mice were distributed into four groups: G1: the negative control, G2: EMB group (5 mg/kg diet), G3: EMB with Chitosan, (600 mg/kg diet), and G4: EMB with Chitosan nanoparticles (600 mg/kg diet). The experiment continues for 8 weeks, and the animals were sacrificed, and their organs were removed and immediately weighed after sacrifice. The liver was quickly removed and processed for histopathological and genetic studies.
Results
Emamectin benzoate (EMB) treatment induced oxidative stress by increased levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) levels. EMB produced several histopathological changes in the liver. Relative expressions of studied genes elevated in the liver with increase in DNA damage. Co-treatment with chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles reduced EMB related liver toxicity that belong to biochemical, histopathological, gene expression, and DNA damage by increasing antioxidant capacity.
Conclusion
This study offers insight into the potential for Chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles as a novel natural material against the oxidative stress induced by EMB.
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