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Talwar P, Upadhyay A, Verma N, Singh R, Lindenberger C, Pareek N, Kovalev AA, Zhuravleva EA, Litti YV, Masakapalli SK, Vivekanand V. Utilization of agricultural residues for energy and resource recovery towards a sustainable environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-29500-x. [PMID: 37667121 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pre-treatment using Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) was carried out on individual and combinations of agro-waste wheat straw (WS), rice straw (RS), and pearl millet straw (PMS) with the addition of biochar (5%,7.5% and 10%) to reduce the pre-treatment duration. Further remaining substrate known as spent mushroom substrate (SMS) was used in anaerobic digestor (AD) for estimation enhanced biomethane yield. Equal ratios of RS + WS, WS + PMS, PMS + RS, and RS + PMS + WS and biochar addition were taken for enhancing pre-treatment, PO growth and AD process. The extent of pre-treatment was recorded with the maximum lignin removal of 40.4% for RS + PMS + WS as compared to untreated counterparts and 0.5%, 2.2%, and 3.3% times more lignin removal from individual PMS, RS, and WS respectively. Addition of biochar to the substrates reduced the total pre-treatment duration by days as compared to the non-biochar substrates. Biological efficiency (BE) used for the analysis of mushroom growth varied from 51-92%. Further, the average bio-methane yield was 187 ml/gVS for SMS of PMS + WS + RS with 10% biochar indicating an increment of 83.33% from untreated SMS of PMS + WS + RS. This, higher biomethane yield was 9.35%, 22.22% and 57.14% times higher than individual SMS of PMS, RS, and WS respectively. The current study shows that biochar not only enhances the bio-methane yield but also reduces the biological pre-treatment duration and removes the dependency on one lignocellulosic biomass for energy (bio-methane) and food (mushroom) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakhar Talwar
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Apoorva Upadhyay
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nikita Verma
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rickwinder Singh
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Christoph Lindenberger
- University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring 23, 92224, Amberg, Germany
| | - Nidhi Pareek
- Department of Sports Bio-Sciences, School of Sports Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Andrey A Kovalev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM", 1St Institutskiy Proezd, 5, 109428, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Zhuravleva
- Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 33, 2, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy V Litti
- Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 33, 2, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Shyam Kumar Masakapalli
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, 21 175075, India
| | - Vivekanand Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
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Designing a Waste-Based Culture Medium for the Production of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms Based on Cladodes Juice from Opuntia ficus-indica Pruning. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The production of beneficial microorganisms is the first step to obtain a commercial-based product for application in agriculture. In this study, prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) pruning waste was evaluated as a raw material for the production of large amounts of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) reducing the number of generated wastes. Specifically, five PGPMs constituting a synthetic microbial consortium with complementing plant growth-promoting traits were grown on a laboratory scale and, subsequently, on a pilot scale using a 21-L bioreactor. Primarily, the physical-chemical characterization of the culture medium obtained from the juice of Opuntia cladodes was carried out, revealing the presence of sugars and organic acids with different molar ratios. Compared to conventional media, the waste medium did not show significant differences in bacterial growth efficiency. Instead, the survival rates of the bacteria grown in cladodes juice media, after air-drying on zeolite or freeze-drying, were significantly higher than those observed when they were grown in conventional media. The present work is the first conducted on a pilot-scale that maximizes the production of PGPMs in submerged fermentation using cladodes juice from Opuntia, reducing both economic and environmental impacts associated with the generation of wastes.
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