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Makharadze D, Kantaria T, Yousef I, del Valle LJ, Katsarava R, Puiggalí J. PEGylated Micro/Nanoparticles Based on Biodegradable Poly(Ester Amides): Preparation and Study of the Core-Shell Structure by Synchrotron Radiation-Based FTIR Microspectroscopy and Electron Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6999. [PMID: 39000109 PMCID: PMC11241343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface modification of drug-loaded particles with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains is a powerful tool that promotes better transport of therapeutic agents, provides stability, and avoids their detection by the immune system. In this study, we used a new approach to synthesize a biodegradable poly(ester amide) (PEA) and PEGylating surfactant. These were employed to fabricate micro/nanoparticles with a core-shell structure. Nanoparticle (NP)-protein interactions and self-assembling were subsequently studied by synchrotron radiation-based FTIR microspectroscopy (SR-FTIRM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The core-shell structure was identified using IR absorption bands of characteristic chemical groups. Specifically, the stretching absorption band of the secondary amino group (3300 cm-1) allowed us to identify the poly(ester amide) core, while the band at 1105 cm-1 (C-O-C vibration) was useful to demonstrate the shell structure based on PEG chains. By integration of absorption bands, a 2D intensity map of the particle was built to show a core-shell structure, which was further supported by TEM images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davit Makharadze
- Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (D.M.); (L.J.d.V.)
| | - Temur Kantaria
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi 0159, Georgia; (T.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Ibraheem Yousef
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (D.M.); (L.J.d.V.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramaz Katsarava
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi 0159, Georgia; (T.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (D.M.); (L.J.d.V.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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Ksovreli M, Kachlishvili T, Mtiulishvili T, Dzmanashvili G, Batsatsashvili T, Zurabiani K, Tughushi D, Kantaria T, Nadaraia L, Rusishvili L, Piot O, Terryn C, Tchelidze P, Katsarava R, Kulikova N. Leucine-Based Pseudo-Proteins (LPPs) as Promising Biomaterials: A Study of Cell-Supporting Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3328. [PMID: 37571222 PMCID: PMC10422583 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold-based systems have become essential in biomedical research, providing the possibility of building in vitro models that can better mimic tissue/organic physiology. A relatively new family of biomimetics-pseudo-proteins (PPs)-can therefore be considered especially promising in this context. Three different artificial leucine-based LPP films were tested in vitro as potential scaffolding materials. In vitro experiments were performed using two types of cells: primary mouse skin fibroblasts and a murine monocyte/macrophages cell line, RAW264.7. Cell adhesion and cell spreading were evaluated according to morphological parameters via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and they were assessed according to actin cytoskeleton distribution, which was studied via confocal laser microscopy. Cell proliferation was evaluated via an MTT assay. Cell migration was studied using time-lapse microscopy. SEM images for both types of cells demonstrated prominent adhesion and perfect cell spreading on all three LPPs. Analyses of actin cytoskeleton organization revealed a high number of focal adhesions and prominent motility-associated structures. A certain stimulation of cell proliferation was detected in the cases of all three LPPs, and two of them promoted macrophage migration. Overall, our data suggest that the LPPs used in the study can be considered potential cell-friendly scaffolding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ksovreli
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tinatin Kachlishvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tevdore Mtiulishvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Giorgi Dzmanashvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tatuli Batsatsashvili
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Knarita Zurabiani
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - David Tughushi
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Temur Kantaria
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lili Nadaraia
- Institute of Physical Material Science and Materials Technologies, Technical University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Carl Zeiss Scientific and Education Center, New Vision University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Levan Rusishvili
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Olivier Piot
- BioSpecT Unit, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Christine Terryn
- BioSpecT Unit, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Pavel Tchelidze
- Carl Zeiss Scientific and Education Center, New Vision University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Faculty of Healthcare, East European University, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ramaz Katsarava
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nina Kulikova
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterials have offered much more opportunities from an engineering standpoint for treating diseases and maintaining health. Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs), as an outstanding family among such biomaterials, have risen overwhelmingly in the past decades. These synthetic polymers have easily and widely available raw materials and a diversity of synthetic approaches, which have attracted considerable attention. More importantly, combining the superiorities of polyamides and polyesters, PEAs have emerged with better functions. They could have improved biodegradability, biocompatibility, and cell-material interactions. The PEAs derived from α-amino acids even allow the introduction of pendant sites for further modification or functionalization. Meanwhile, it is gradually recognized that the chemical structures are closely related to the physiochemical and biological properties of PEAs so that their properties can be precisely controlled. PEAs therefore become significant materials in the biomedical fields. This review will attempt to summarize the recent progress in the development of PEAs with respect to the preparation materials and methods, structure-property relationships along with their latest biomedical accomplishments, especially for drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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Zhang W, Kantaria T, Zhang Y, Kantaria T, Kobauri S, Tugushi D, Brücher V, Katsarava R, Eter N, Heiduschka P. Biodegradable Nanoparticles Based on Pseudo-Proteins Show Promise as Carriers for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:421-432. [PMID: 32639222 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Drug delivery to treat ocular diseases still is a challenge in ophthalmology. One way to achieve drug delivery that is investigated currently is topical administration of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) that are able to penetrate ocular barriers. The purpose of this study was optimal preparation of NPs made from pseudo-proteins and evaluation of their ability to penetrate ocular tissues. Methods: Biodegradable NPs of various types were prepared by nanoprecipitation of pseudo-protein composed of l-leucine (L), 1,6-hexanediol (6), and sebacic acid (8) (8L6). Arginine-based cationic polyester amides 8R6 and comb-like polyester amide containing lateral PEG-2000 chains along with 8L6 anchoring fragments in the backbones were used to construct positively charged and PEGylated NPs. They were loaded with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) or rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) as fluorescent probes. Suspensions of the NPs were given to cultivated microglial cells and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as well as topically on eyes of C57BL/6 mice. Penetration of NPs into the eyes was checked by fluorescence analysis. Results: NPs were prepared, and their properties were characterized. Cultured microglial cells and RPE cells took up the NPs. After topical administration, penetration of NPs into the cornea of the eyes was clearly seen. Small amounts of fluorescent dyes were also found in the lens, the retina, and the sclera depending on the type of NPs. Conclusions: The results showed that the new NPs penetrate ocular tissues after topical administration and are internalized by the cells. This raises confidence that the NPs may be useful carriers of therapeutic agents for ocular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Zhang
- Research Lab of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical School, Münster, Germany
| | - Temur Kantaria
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Yahan Zhang
- Research Lab of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical School, Münster, Germany
| | - Tengiz Kantaria
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sophio Kobauri
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - David Tugushi
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Viktoria Brücher
- Research Lab of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical School, Münster, Germany
| | - Ramaz Katsarava
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nicole Eter
- Research Lab of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical School, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Heiduschka
- Research Lab of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster Medical School, Münster, Germany
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Zavradashvili N, Puiggali J, Katsarava R. Artificial Polymers made of α-amino Acids - Poly(Amino Acid)s, Pseudo-Poly(Amino Acid)s, Poly(Depsipeptide)s, and Pseudo-Proteins. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:566-593. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200203122110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Degradable polymers (DPs) - “green materials” of the future, have an innumerable use in biomedicine,
particularly in the fields of tissue engineering and drug delivery. Among these kind of materials naturally occurring
polymers - proteins which constituted one of the most important “bricks of life” - α-amino acids (AAs) are
highly suitable. A wide biomedical applicability of proteins is due to special properties such as a high affinity
with tissues and releasing AAs upon biodegradation that means a nutritive potential for cells. Along with these
positive characteristics proteins as biomedical materials they have some shortcomings, such as batch-to-batch
variation, risk of disease transmission, and immune rejection. The last limitation is connected with the molecular
architecture of proteins. Furthermore, the content of only peptide bonds in protein molecules significantly restricts
their material properties. Artificial polymers with the composition of AAs are by far more promising as degradable
biomaterials since they are free from the limitations of proteins retaining at the same time their positive
features - a high tissue compatibility and nutritive potential. The present review deals with a brief description of
different families of AA-based artificial polymers, such as poly(amino acid)s, pseudo-poly(amino acid)s, polydepsipeptides,
and pseudo-proteins - relatively new and broad family of artificial AA-based DPs. Most of these
polymers have a different macromolecular architecture than proteins and contain various types of chemical links
along with NH-CO bonds that substantially expands properties of materials destined for sophisticated biomedical
applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Zavradashvili
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Kakha Bendukidze University Campus, # 240 David Aghmashenebeli Alley, Tbilisi 0131, Georgia
| | - Jordi Puiggali
- Departament d’Enginyeria Quimica, EEBE, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Edifici I.2, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Barcelona 08019, Spain
| | - Ramaz Katsarava
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Kakha Bendukidze University Campus, # 240 David Aghmashenebeli Alley, Tbilisi 0131, Georgia
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Hernández-Giottonini KY, Rodríguez-Córdova RJ, Gutiérrez-Valenzuela CA, Peñuñuri-Miranda O, Zavala-Rivera P, Guerrero-Germán P, Lucero-Acuña A. PLGA nanoparticle preparations by emulsification and nanoprecipitation techniques: effects of formulation parameters. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4218-4231. [PMID: 35495261 PMCID: PMC9049000 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10857b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the influence of the primary formulation parameters on the formation of poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic nanoparticles by the emulsification-solvent evaporation, and the nanoprecipitation techniques. In the emulsification-solvent evaporation technique, the polymer and tensoactive concentrations, the organic solvent fraction, and the sonication amplitude effects were analyzed. Similarly, in the nanoprecipitation technique the polymer and tensoactive concentrations, the organic solvent fraction and the injection speed were varied. Additionally, the agitation speed during solvent evaporation, the centrifugation speeds and the use of cryoprotectants in the freeze-drying process were analyzed. Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler electrophoresis, and scanning electron microscopy, and the results were evaluated by statistical analysis. Nanoparticle physicochemical characteristics can be adjusted by varying the formulation parameters to obtain specific sizes and stable nanoparticles. Also, by adjusting these parameters, the nanoparticle preparation processes have the potential to be tuned to yield nanoparticles with specific characteristics while maintaining reproducible results. This study presents the influence of the primary formulation parameters on the formation of poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic nanoparticles by the emulsification-solvent evaporation, and the nanoprecipitation techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Omar Peñuñuri-Miranda
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
| | - Paul Zavala-Rivera
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
| | | | - Armando Lucero-Acuña
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
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Effects of Nanoparticles Materials on Heat Transfer in Electro-Insulating Liquids. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8122538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper discusses the effect of doping of electro-insulating liquids with nanoparticle materials on the thermal properties of the obtained nanoliquids and heat transport in the transformer. Mineral oil, synthetic ester, and natural ester were used as base liquids. The effectiveness of doping base liquids with nanoparticles was supported by ultraviolet-visible (UV/VIS) measurements. In turn, Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) confirmed the absence of intermolecular interactions (i.e., hydrogen bonding). The influence of modification of electro-insulating liquids with fullerene C60 and titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles on such thermal properties as thermal conductivity, specific heat, kinematic viscosity, density, and thermal expansion was investigated. Based on these properties and the theory of similarity, the cooling efficiency of the transformer filled with the analyzed nanofluids was determined. Nanofluids’ cooling effectiveness was compared with the cooling effectiveness of the base liquids. This comparison was supported by an analysis of Grashof, Prandtl, and Nusselt numbers. It has been shown that the modification of electro-insulating liquids with nanoparticles widely used in order to improve their dielectric properties, such as C60 and TiO2, does not have a significant influence on their thermal properties. The addition of fullerene C60 caused an increase in kinematic viscosity, which was compensated by the increase in specific heat. In the case of TiO2, the addition of this nanoparticle resulted in an increase in kinematic viscosity and a decrease in specific heat, which were balanced out by the increase in thermal conductivity. In summary, the heat exchange-capacity of liquids did not change due to doping with nanoparticles.
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New 1,2,3-Triazole Containing Polyesters viaClick Step-Growth Polymerization and Nanoparticles Made of Them. INT J POLYM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/6798258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High-molecular-weight AA-BB-type aliphatic polyesters were synthesizedviaCu(I)-catalyzed click step-growth polymerization (SGP) following a new synthetic strategy. The synthesis was performed between diyne and diazide monomers in an organic solvent as one pot process using three components and two stages. The dipropargyl esters of dicarboxylic acids (component 1) were used as diyne monomers, di-(bromoacetic acid)-alkylene diesters (component 2) were used as precursors of diazide monomers, and sodium azide (component 3) was used for generating diazide monomers. The SGP was carried out in two steps: at Step 1 dibromoacetates interacted with two moles of sodium azide resulting in diazide monomers which interacted in situ with diyne monomers at Step 2 in the presence of Cu(I) catalyst. A systematic study was done for optimizing the multiparameter click SGP in terms of the solvent, duration of both Step 1 and Step 2, solution concentration, catalyst concentration, catalyst and catalyst activator (ligand) nature, catalyst/ligand mole ratio, and temperature of both steps of the click SGP. As a result, high-molecular-weight (MWup to 74 kDa) elastic film-forming click polyesters were obtained. The new polymers were found suitable for fabricating biodegradable nanoparticles, which are promising as drug delivery containers in nanotherapy.
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