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Valle Vargas MF, Villamil Diaz LM, Ruiz Pardo RY, Quintanilla Carvajal MX. Design of an agro-industrial by-products-based media for the production of probiotic bacteria for fish nutrition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17955. [PMID: 39095475 PMCID: PMC11297027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68783-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotic production in commercial culture media is expensive, so, it is necessary to design culture media based on "low-cost" components like agro-industrial by-products. Therefore, this study aimed to design an agro-industrial by-product-based culture media using whey, sugarcane molasses, and palm kernel cake as components to produce Lactococcus lactis A12, Priestia megaterium M4, and Priestia sp. M10 isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) associated gut microbiota. Higher bacterial concentrations were achieved at high whey concentrations and low concentrations of sugarcane molasses and palm kernel cake (PKC) using agitation. The optimal conditions were whey, 3.84% w/v; sugarcane molasses, 7.39% w/v; PKC, 0.77% w/v; and agitation speed, 75 RPM. Bacterial growth under optimal conditions was compared to that in commercial Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) broth. L. lactis A12 showed similar growth in the optimal media and BHI. The estimated cost of the culture media based on component prices was USD $ 3.01/L, which is 86.93% lower than BHI broth (USD $ 23.04/L). It was possible to design a "low-cost agro-industrial by-product-based culture media to produce L. lactis A12 and the two Priestia species under monoculture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fernando Valle Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chia, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Luisa Marcela Villamil Diaz
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chia, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Ruth Yolanda Ruiz Pardo
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chia, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - María Ximena Quintanilla Carvajal
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chia, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
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Salmanizadeh H, Beheshti-Maal K, Nayeri H, Torabi LR. Optimization of xylanase production by Pichia kudriavzevii and Candida tropicalis isolated from the wood product workshop. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:155-168. [PMID: 37957443 PMCID: PMC11387571 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic compounds can be found abundantly and provide numerous advantages in microbial organisms. Xylanases are used in various pharmaceutical, food, livestock, poultry, and paper industries. This study aimed to investigate xylanase-producing yeasts, xylose concentration curve and their enzymatic activity under various factors including carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, and pH. Enzyme activity was evaluated under different conditions before, during, and after purification. The yeast strains were obtained from the wood product workshop and were subsequently cultivated on YPD (yeast extract peptone dextrose) medium. Additionally, the growth curve of the yeast and its molecular identification were conducted. The optimization and design process of xylan isolated from corn wood involved the use of Taguchi software to test different parameters like carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, and pH, with the goal of determining the most optimal conditions for enzyme production. In addition, the Taguchi method was utilized to conduct a multifactorial optimization of xylanase enzyme activity. The isolated species were partially purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis bag techniques. The results indicated that 3 species (8S, 18S, and 16W) after molecular identification based on 18S rRNA gene sequencing were identified as Candida tropicalis SBN-IAUF-1, Candida tropicalis SBN-IAUF-3, and Pichia kudriavzevii SBN-IAUF-2, respectively. The optimal parameters for wheat carbon source and peptone nitrogen source were found at 50 °C and pH 9.0 through single-factor optimization. By using the Taguchi approach, the best combination for highest activity was rice-derived carbon source and peptone nitrogen source at 50 °C and pH 6.0. The best conditions for xylanase enzyme production in single-factor optimization of wheat bran were 2135.6 U/mL, peptone 4475.25 U/mL, temperature 50 °C 1868 U/mL, and pH 9.0 2002.4 U/mL. Among the tested yeast, Candida tropicalis strain SBN-IAUF-1 to the access number MZ816946.1 in NCBI was found to be the best xylanase product. The highest ratio of enzyme production at the end of the delayed phase and the beginning of the logarithmic phase was concluded by comparing the growth ratio of 8S, 16W, and 18S yeasts with the level of enzymatic activity. This is the first report on the production of xylan polymer with a relative purity of 80% in Iran. The extracellular xylanases purified from the yeast species of C. tropicalis were introduced as a desirable biocatalyst due to their high enzymatic activity for the degradation of xylan polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Salmanizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keivan Beheshti-Maal
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hashem Nayeri
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ladan Rahimzadeh Torabi
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
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Valle-Vargas MF, Ruiz-Pardo RY, Villamil-Díaz L, Quintanilla-Carvajal MX. Production of a potential multistrain probiotic in co-culture conditions using agro-industrial by-products-based medium for fish nutrition. BMC Biotechnol 2023; 23:54. [PMID: 38102630 PMCID: PMC10724987 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-023-00822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are viable microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host. In fish, probiotic administration has improved growth, and immunological parameters. For this reason, it is necessary production of probiotic bacteria, however, commercial culture mediums used for probiotic growth are expensive, so the design of a "low" cost culture medium is necessary. Therefore, this research aimed to produce a potential multistrain probiotic preparation composed of L. lactis A12 and Priestia species isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) gut using an agro-industrial by-products-based culture medium. RESULTS A Box-Behnken design with three factors (whey, molasses, and yeast extract concentration) was used. As the main results, a high concentration of three components enhanced the viability of L. lactis A12, however, viable cell counts of Priestia species were achieved at low molasses concentrations. The Optimal conditions were 1.00% w/v whey, 0.50% w/v molasses, and 1.50% w/v yeast extract. L. lactis A12 and Priestia species viable counts were 9.43 and 6.89 Log10 CFU/mL, respectively. L. lactis A12 concentration was higher (p < 0.05) in the proposed medium compared to commercial broth. CONCLUSIONS It was possible to produce L. lactis A12 and Priestia species in co-culture conditions. Whey and molasses were suitable components to produce the multistrain preparation. The cost of the proposed culture medium was 77.54% cheaper than the commercial medium. The proposed culture medium could be an alternative to commercial mediums for the production of this multistrain probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fernando Valle-Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana. Campus del Puente del Común, Autopista Norte de Bogotá. Chía, Km. 7, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Ruth Yolanda Ruiz-Pardo
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana. Campus del Puente del Común, Autopista Norte de Bogotá. Chía, Km. 7, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Luisa Villamil-Díaz
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana. Campus del Puente del Común, Autopista Norte de Bogotá. Chía, Km. 7, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - María Ximena Quintanilla-Carvajal
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales (GIPA), Doctorado en Biociencias, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana. Campus del Puente del Común, Autopista Norte de Bogotá. Chía, Km. 7, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
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Kumar V, Naik B, Kumar A, Khanduri N, Rustagi S, Kumar S. Probiotics media: significance, challenges, and future perspective - a mini review. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00098-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe health benefits associated with probiotics have increased their application in pharmaceutical formulations and functional food development. High production of probiotic biomass requires a cost-effective production method and nutrient media optimization. The biomass production of probiotics can be enhanced by optimizing growth parameters such as substrate, pH, incubation time, etc. For economical industrial production of probiotic biomass, it is required to design a new medium with low cost. Wastes from the food industries are promising components for the development of the low-cost medium. Industrial wastes such as cheese whey and corn steep liquor are excellent examples of reliable sources of nitrogen for the biomass production of probiotic bacteria. The increased yield of biomass reduced the cost of production. This review focuses on the importance of probiotic media for biomass production and its challenges.
Graphical Abstract
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High-Precision Fabrication of Micro Monolithic Tungsten Ball Tips via Arc Discharge and the Taguchi Method. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12091042. [PMID: 34577686 PMCID: PMC8472479 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A micro ball tip is a core component of high precision coordinate measuring machines. The present micro ball tips cannot satisfy the high-precision measuring requirements of high aspect ratio microstructures due to their large diameter and low accuracy. In the previous study, we fabricated a micro monolithic tungsten ball tip by using arc discharge and surface tension principles. However, the fabrication success rate of forming a micro ball tip is less than 10%. In the present study, the Taguchi method has been applied to increase the fabrication success rate, and it has increased to 57.5%. The output response is evaluated in terms of the diameter, roundness, and center offset of the tungsten probe ball tips. The smaller-the-better signal-to-noise ratio is applied to analyze the influence of various parameters. The proposed parameters can be used to increase the fabrication success rate and accuracy of the monolithic probe ball tip.
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Safavi M, Jafari Olia MS, Abolhasani MH, Amini M, Kianirad M. Optimization of the culture medium and characterization of antioxidant compounds of a marine isolated microalga as a promising source in aquaculture feed. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chang HM, Foo HL, Loh TC, Lim ETC, Abdul Mutalib NE. Comparative Studies of Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities, and Organic Acids Compositions of Postbiotics Produced by Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains Isolated From Malaysian Foods. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:602280. [PMID: 33575277 PMCID: PMC7870707 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.602280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite inflammation being a protective natural defense against imbalance stressors in the body, chronic inflammation could lead to the deterioration of immune response, low production, and poor performance in livestock as well as severe economic losses to the farmers. Postbiotics produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum has been reported recently to be a natural source of antioxidant, promoting growth performance, anti-inflammation, and immune responses. However, the effects of fermentation media on the compositions of L. plantarum postbiotic have not been reported elsewhere. Hence, a comparative study was conducted to compare the volatile compounds, organic acid composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of postbiotics produced by six strains of L. plantarum cultivated by using formulated media and the commercial de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium as a control. Postbiotics RG14, RI11, and UL4 produced by using formulated media exhibited higher inhibitory activity against Pediococcus acidilactici 446, Escherichia coli E-30, Salmonella enterica CS3, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci except for Listeria monocytogenes LS55. As for the antioxidant activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was enhanced in formulated media, whereas reducing power activity was the highest in postbiotic RI11. Three organic acids, namely, acetic acid, caproic acid, and lactic acid, were detected in the postbiotic produced by various L. plantarum strains. The concentration of acetic acid was influenced by the fermentation media, whereas caproic acid was detected as the highest in postbiotic RG11. Lactic acid was the predominant compound detected in all the postbiotics and had the significantly highest concentration in postbiotic RS5 when produced by using the MRS medium. Intermediary and pyrrole compounds were the other main compounds that were detected by using GC-MS. Positive correlations were found between organic acid production and inhibitory activity, as well as antioxidant activity exhibited by postbiotics. In conclusion, the compositions and functional characteristics of postbiotics produced by the six strains of L. plantarum were strain-dependent and affected greatly by the fermentation medium. The effects of postbiotic composition on the functional characteristics of postbiotics were elucidated in this study to warrant their applications as a promising beneficial natural growth promoter for the livestock industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mei Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Ling Foo
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teck Chwen Loh
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eric Teik Chung Lim
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute (ABI), National Institute Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Selangor, Malaysia
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Soluble overexpression, high-level production and purification of receptor binding domain of human VEGF8-109 in E. coli. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Prihanto AA, Yanti I, Murtazam MA, Jatmiko YD. Optimization of glutaminase-free L-asparaginase production using mangrove endophytic Lysinibacillus fusiformis B27. F1000Res 2020; 8:1938. [PMID: 32566131 PMCID: PMC7287513 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.21178.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The mangrove,
Rhizophora mucronata, an essential source of endophytic bacteria, was investigated for its ability to produce glutaminase-free L-asparaginase. The study aimed to obtain glutaminase-free L-asparaginase-producing endophytic bacteria from the mangrove and to optimize enzyme production. Methods: The screening of L-asparaginase-producing bacteria used modified M9 medium. The potential producer was further analyzed with respect to its species using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Taguchi experimental design was applied to optimize the enzyme production. Four factors (L-asparagine concentration, pH, temperature, and inoculum concentration) were selected at four levels. Results: The results indicated that the endophytic bacteria
Lysinibacillus fusiformis B27 isolated from
R. mucronata was a potential producer of glutaminase-free L-asparaginase. The experiment indicated that pH 6, temperature at 35°C, and inoculum concentration of 1.5% enabled the best production and were essential factors. L-asparagine (2%) was less critical for optimum production. Conclusions: L. fusiformis B27, isolated from
Rhizophora mucronata, can be optimized for L-ASNase enzyme production using optimization factors (L-ASNase, pH, temperature, and inoculum), which can increase L-ASNase enzyme production by approximately three-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asep Awaludin Prihanto
- Department Fishery Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia.,BIO-SEAFOOD Research Unit, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Indah Yanti
- Department of Mathematic, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematic, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
| | | | - Yoga Dwi Jatmiko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematic, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
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Eski A, Demirbağ Z, Demir İ. Improvement of delta-endotoxin production from local Bacillus thuringiensis Se13 using Taguchi’s orthogonal array methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2017-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis directly depends on the yield of delta-endotoxins. In this study, various nutritional and cultural parameters influencing delta-endotoxin synthesis by a local isolate of B. thuringiensis Se13 were investigated using Taguchi methods.
Methods
In the first experiment, four factors, incubation period, incubation temperature, initial pH and medium, each at four levels, were selected and an orthogonal array layout of L16 was carried out. In the second experiment, Taguchi’s orthogonal array method of L27 was used to evaluate the effects of the different concentration of medium components. Taguchi’s signal–noise ratio and variance analysis were applied to determine the effect of the factors. After each experiment, verification studies were carried out using determined optimum conditions.
Results
The optimum conditions for incubation period, incubation temperature, initial pH, and medium determined as 72 h, 30°C, pH 9, and M4 medium, respectively. In the second experiment, soybean flour (5%), glucose (5%), KH2PO4 (0.3%), K2HPO4 (0.1%), MgSO4 (0.4%) were determined as the optimum conditions. The delta-endotoxin yield was elevated to 1559.25 μg mL−1 when the factors were adjusted to optimum level.
Conclusion
Optimization using the Taguchi method appeared to be a good choice for the overproduction of delta-endotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardahan Eski
- Faculty of Science , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Zihni Demirbağ
- Faculty of Science , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - İsmail Demir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon 61080 , Turkey
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