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Riera Aroche R, Ortiz García YM, Martínez Arellano MA, Riera Leal A. DNA as a perfect quantum computer based on the quantum physics principles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11636. [PMID: 38773193 PMCID: PMC11109248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA is a complex multi-resolution molecule whose theoretical study is a challenge. Its intrinsic multiscale nature requires chemistry and quantum physics to understand the structure and quantum informatics to explain its operation as a perfect quantum computer. Here, we present theoretical results of DNA that allow a better description of its structure and the operation process in the transmission, coding, and decoding of genetic information. Aromaticity is explained by the oscillatory resonant quantum state of correlated electron and hole pairs due to the quantized molecular vibrational energy acting as an attractive force. The correlated pairs form a supercurrent in the nitrogenous bases in a single band π -molecular orbital ( π -MO). The MO wave function ( Φ ) is assumed to be the linear combination of the n constituent atomic orbitals. The central Hydrogen bond between Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) or Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) functions like an ideal Josephson Junction. The approach of a Josephson Effect between two superconductors is correctly described, as well as the condensation of the nitrogenous bases to obtain the two entangled quantum states that form the qubit. Combining the quantum state of the composite system with the classical information, RNA polymerase teleports one of the four Bell states. DNA is a perfect quantum computer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Riera Aroche
- Department of Research in Physics, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
- Research and Higher Education Center of UNEPROP, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Y M Ortiz García
- Research Institute of Dentistry, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco, Mexico
- Research and Higher Education Center of UNEPROP, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - M A Martínez Arellano
- General Hospital of the State of Sonora, Boulevar José María Escrivá de Balaguer 157, Colonia Villa del Palmar, C.P. 83105, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
- Research and Higher Education Center of UNEPROP, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - A Riera Leal
- General Hospital of the State of Sonora, Boulevar José María Escrivá de Balaguer 157, Colonia Villa del Palmar, C.P. 83105, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
- Research and Higher Education Center of UNEPROP, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
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2
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Gheorghe P, Petris A, Anton AM. Optical Limiting Properties of DNA Biopolymer Doped with Natural Dyes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:96. [PMID: 38201761 PMCID: PMC10781093 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The high-power lasers have important implications for present and future light-based technologies; therefore, the protection measures against their high-intensity radiation are extremely important. Currently, a great deal of interest is directed towards the development of new nonlinear optical materials for passive optical limiters, which are used to protect the human eye and sensitive optical and optoelectronic devices from laser-induced damage. Biopolymers doped with natural dyes are emerging as a new class of optical materials with interesting photosensitive properties. In this paper, the optical limiting capability of deoxyribonucleic acid bio-polymer functionalized with Turmeric natural dye has been demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The experimental investigation of the optical limit has been done by the Intensity-scan method in the NIR spectral domain at the important telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm, using ultrashort laser pulses (~120 fs). Several optical properties of this natural dye are presented and discussed. The values of the optical transmittance in the linear regime, the saturation intensity of the nonlinear transmittance curves, and the coefficient of the nonlinear absorption have been determined. The influence of the DNA biopolymer and natural dye concentration on the optical limiting properties of the investigated biomaterials is reported and discussed. The photostability and thermal stability of the investigated solutions have also been evaluated by monitoring the temporal decay of the normalized absorption spectra under illumination with UVA light and heating, respectively. Our results evidence the positive influence of the DNA, which embeds Turmeric natural dye, on the optical limiting functionality itself and on the photostability and thermal stability of this novel material. The performed study reveals the potential of the investigated novel biomaterial for applications in nonlinear photonics, in particular in optical limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petronela Gheorghe
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Adrian Petris
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Adina Mirela Anton
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Capobianco A, Landi A, Peluso A. Duplex DNA Retains the Conformational Features of Single Strands: Perspectives from MD Simulations and Quantum Chemical Computations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214452. [PMID: 36430930 PMCID: PMC9697240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations and geometry optimizations carried out at the quantum level as well as by quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics methods predict that short, single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides adopt conformations very similar to those observed in crystallographic double-stranded B-DNA, with rise coordinates close to ≈3.3 Å. In agreement with the experimental evidence, the computational results show that DNA single strands rich in adjacent purine nucleobases assume more regular arrangements than poly-thymine. The preliminary results suggest that single-stranded poly-cytosine DNA should also retain a substantial helical order in solution. A comparison of the structures of single and double helices confirms that the B-DNA motif is a favorable arrangement also for single strands. Indeed, the optimal geometry of the complementary single helices is changed to a very small extent in the formation of the duplex.
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Dagar J, Brown TM. Biological/metal oxide composite transport layers cast from green solvents for boosting light harvesting response of organic photovoltaic cells indoors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:405404. [PMID: 35700718 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac7883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells with biological/metal-oxide electron transport layers (ETLs), consisting of a ZnO compact layer covered by a thin DNA layer, both of which deposited with green solvents (water or water/alcohols mixtures) are presented for application under low intensity indoor lighting. Under white LED lamp (200, 400 lx), photovoltaic cells with P3HT:PC70BM polymer semiconductor blends delivered an average maximum power density (MPD) of 8.7μW cm-2, corresponding to a power conversion efficiency, PCE, of = 8.56% (PCE of best cell was 8.74%). The ZnO/DNA bilayer boosted efficiency by 68% and 13% in relative terms compared to cells made with DNA-only and ZnO-only ETLs at 400 lx. Photovoltaic cells with ZnO/DNA composite ETLs based on PTB7:PC70BM blends, that absorb a broader range of the indoor lighting spectrum, delivered MPDs of 16.2μW cm-2with an estimated average PCE of 14.3% (best cell efficiency of 15.8%) at 400 lx. The best efficiencies for cells fabricated on flexible plastic substrates were 11.9% at 400 lx. This is the first report in which polymer photovoltaics incorporating biological materials have shown to increment performance at these low light levels and work very efficiently under indoor artificial light illumination. The finding can be useful for the production of more bio-compatible photovoltaics as well as bio-sensing devices based on organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardan Dagar
- CHOSE (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, HySPRINT Innovation Lab, Kekuléstrasse 5, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas M Brown
- CHOSE (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
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Zhang B, Ryan E, Wang X, Song W, Lindsay S. Electronic Transport in Molecular Wires of Precisely Controlled Length Built from Modular Proteins. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1671-1680. [PMID: 35029115 PMCID: PMC9279515 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
DNA molecular wires have been studied extensively because of the ease with which molecules of controlled length and composition can be synthesized. The same has not been true for proteins. Here, we have synthesized and studied a series of consensus tetratricopeptide repeat (CTPR) proteins, spanning 4 to 20 nm in length, in increments of 4 nm. For lengths in excess of 6 nm, their conductance exceeds that of the canonical molecular wire, oligo(phenylene-ethylenene), because of the more gradual decay of conductance with length in the protein. We show that, while the conductance decay fits an exponential (characteristic of quantum tunneling) and not a linear increase of resistance with length (characteristic of hopping transport), it is also accounted for by a square-law dependence on length (characteristic of weakly driven hopping). Measurements of the energy dependence of the decay length rule out the quantum tunneling case. A resonance in the carrier injection energy shows that allowed states in the protein align with the Fermi energy of the electrodes. Both the energy of these states and the long-range of hopping suggest that the reorganization induced by hole formation is greatly reduced inside the protein. We outline a model for calculating the molecular-electronic properties of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bintian Zhang
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
| | - Eathen Ryan
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
| | - Weisi Song
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
| | - Stuart Lindsay
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
- Corresponding Author: Stuart Lindsay: Phone 480 205 6432
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6
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Physicochemical characterization of the DNA complexes with different surfactants. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Landi A, Capobianco A, Peluso A. The Time Scale of Electronic Resonance in Oxidized DNA as Modulated by Solvent Response: An MD/QM-MM Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185497. [PMID: 34576968 PMCID: PMC8465834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The time needed to establish electronic resonant conditions for charge transfer in oxidized DNA has been evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations followed by QM/MM computations which include counterions and a realistic solvation shell. The solvent response is predicted to take ca. 800–1000 ps to bring two guanine sites into resonance, a range of values in reasonable agreement with the estimate previously obtained by a kinetic model able to correctly reproduce the observed yield ratios of oxidative damage for several sequences of oxidized DNA.
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8
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Wang M, Tsukamoto M, Sergeyev VG, Zinchenko A. Fluorescent Nanoparticles Synthesized from DNA, RNA, and Nucleotides. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092265. [PMID: 34578581 PMCID: PMC8471148 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitous on Earth, DNA and other nucleic acids are being increasingly considered as promising biomass resources. Due to their unique chemical structure, which is different from that of more common carbohydrate biomass polymers, materials based on nucleic acids may exhibit new, attractive characteristics. In this study, fluorescent nanoparticles (biodots) were prepared by a hydrothermal (HT) method from various nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, nucleotides, and nucleosides) to establish the relationship between the structure of precursors and fluorescent properties of biodots and to optimize conditions for preparation of the most fluorescent product. HT treatment of nucleic acids results in decomposition of sugar moieties and depurination/depyrimidation of nucleobases, while their consequent condensation and polymerization gives fluorescent nanoparticles. Fluorescent properties of DNA and RNA biodots are drastically different from biodots synthesized from individual nucleotides. In particular, biodots synthesized from purine-containing nucleotides or nucleosides show up to 50-fold higher fluorescence compared to analogous pyrimidine-derived biodots. The polymeric nature of a precursor disfavors formation of a bright fluorescent product. The reported effect of the structure of the nucleic acid precursor on the fluorescence properties of biodots should help designing and synthesizing brighter fluorescent nanomaterials with broader specification for bioimaging, sensing, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maofei Wang
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Masaki Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Vladimir G. Sergeyev
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anatoly Zinchenko
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-789-4771
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9
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Richter J, Nnaji M, Park H. Solvent Effect to the Uniformity of Surfactant-Free Salmon-DNA Thin Films. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1606. [PMID: 34065722 PMCID: PMC8156698 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabrication of surfactant-modified DNA thin films with high uniformity, specifically DNA-CTMA, has been well considered via drop-casting and spin-coating techniques. However, the fabrication of thin films with pure DNA has not been sufficiently studied. We characterize the uniformity of thin films from aqueous salmon DNA solutions mixed with ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, and acetone. Measurements of thickness and macroscopic uniformity are made via a focused-beam ellipsometer. We discuss important parameters for optimum uniformity and note what the effects of solvent modifications are. We find that methanol- and ethanol-added solutions provide optimal fabrication methods, which more consistently produce high degrees of uniformity with film thickness ranging from 20 to 200 nm adjusted by DNA concentration and the physical parameters of spin-coating methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heungman Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX 75428, USA; (J.R.); (M.N.)
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10
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Breazu C, Socol M, Preda N, Rasoga O, Costas A, Socol G, Petre G, Stanculescu A. Nucleobases thin films deposited on nanostructured transparent conductive electrodes for optoelectronic applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7551. [PMID: 33824369 PMCID: PMC8024358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmentally-friendly bio-organic materials have become the centre of recent developments in organic electronics, while a suitable interfacial modification is a prerequisite for future applications. In the context of researches on low cost and biodegradable resource for optoelectronics applications, the influence of a 2D nanostructured transparent conductive electrode on the morphological, structural, optical and electrical properties of nucleobases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil) thin films obtained by thermal evaporation was analysed. The 2D array of nanostructures has been developed in a polymeric layer on glass substrate using a high throughput and low cost technique, UV-Nanoimprint Lithography. The indium tin oxide electrode was grown on both nanostructured and flat substrate and the properties of the heterostructures built on these two types of electrodes were analysed by comparison. We report that the organic-electrode interface modification by nano-patterning affects both the optical (transmission and emission) properties by multiple reflections on the walls of nanostructures and the electrical properties by the effect on the organic/electrode contact area and charge carrier pathway through electrodes. These results encourage the potential application of the nucleobases thin films deposited on nanostructured conductive electrode in green optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Breazu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania.
| | - M Socol
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - N Preda
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - O Rasoga
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - A Costas
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - G Socol
- Plasma and Radiation Physics, National Institute for Lasers, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - G Petre
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, PO Box MG-11, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - A Stanculescu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Magurele, Romania.
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Landi A, Capobianco A, Peluso A. Coherent Effects in Charge Transport in Molecular Wires: Toward a Unifying Picture of Long-Range Hole Transfer in DNA. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7769-7775. [PMID: 32830977 PMCID: PMC8154848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of a multistep mechanism in which environmental motion triggers comparatively faster elementary electron-transfer steps and stabilizes hole-transfer products, microscopic coherence is crucial for rationalizing the observed yield ratios of oxidative damage to DNA. Interference among probability amplitudes of indistinguishable electron-transfer paths is able to drastically change the final outcome of charge transport, even in DNA oligomers constituted by similar building blocks, and allows for reconciling apparently discordant experimental observations. Properly tailored DNA oligomers appear to be a promising workbench for studying tunneling in the presence of dissipation at the macroscopic level.
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12
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Pradhan S, Brooks A, Yadavalli V. Nature-derived materials for the fabrication of functional biodevices. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100065. [PMID: 32613186 PMCID: PMC7317235 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature provides an incredible source of inspiration, structural concepts, and materials toward applications to improve the lives of people around the world, while preserving ecosystems, and addressing environmental sustainability. In particular, materials derived from animal and plant sources can provide low-cost, renewable building blocks for such applications. Nature-derived materials are of interest for their properties of biodegradability, bioconformability, biorecognition, self-repair, and stimuli response. While long used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, their use in functional devices such as (bio)electronics, sensors, and optical systems for healthcare and biomonitoring is finding increasing attention. The objective of this review is to cover the varied nature derived and sourced materials currently used in active biodevices and components that possess electrical or electronic behavior. We discuss materials ranging from proteins and polypeptides such as silk and collagen, polysaccharides including chitin and cellulose, to seaweed derived biomaterials, and DNA. These materials may be used as passive substrates or support architectures and often, as the functional elements either by themselves or as biocomposites. We further discuss natural pigments such as melanin and indigo that serve as active elements in devices. Increasingly, combinations of different biomaterials are being used to address the challenges of fabrication and performance in human monitoring or medicine. Finally, this review gives perspectives on the sourcing, processing, degradation, and biocompatibility of these materials. This rapidly growing multidisciplinary area of research will be advanced by a systematic understanding of nature-inspired materials and design concepts in (bio)electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pradhan
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - A.K. Brooks
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - V.K. Yadavalli
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
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Vittala SK, Han D. DNA-Guided Assemblies toward Nanoelectronic Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2702-2722. [PMID: 35025404 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeepa Kulala Vittala
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Da Han
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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