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Tu KJ, Lam JH, Kang BI, Kim A, Kim S. Hybrid Bladder Phantom to Validate Next-Generation Optical Wearables for Neurogenic Bladder Volume Monitoring. Int Neurourol J 2023; 27:S82-90. [PMID: 38048822 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2346248.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of optics-based wearables for bladder volume monitoring has emerged as a significant topic in recent years. Given the innovative nature of this technology, there is currently no bladder phantom available to effectively validate these devices against more established gold standards, such as ultrasound. In this study, we showcase and demonstrate the performance of our hybrid bladder phantom by using an optical device and making comparisons with ultrasound. METHODS A series of validation tests, including phantom repeatability, ultrasound scanning, and an optical test, were performed. A near-infrared optical device was utilized to conduct diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS). Machine learning models were employed to construct predictive models of volume using optical signals. RESULTS The size and position of an embedded balloon, serving as an analog for the bladder, were shown to be consistent when infused with 100 mL to 350 mL of water during repeatability testing. For DOS data, we present 7 types of machine learningbased models based on different optical signals. The 2 best-performing models demonstrated an average absolute volume error ranging from 12.7 mL to 19.0 mL. CONCLUSION In this study, we introduced a hybrid bladder phantom designed for the validation of near-infrared spectroscopy-based bladder monitoring devices in comparison with ultrasound techniques. By offering a reproducible and robust validation tool, we aim to support the advancement of next-generation optical wearables for bladder volume monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey J Tu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jesse H Lam
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Byeong-Il Kang
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Urology and Neurogenic Bladder Clinic, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medithings Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
- Medithings Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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Momtahen S, Momtahen M, Ramaseshan R, Golnaraghi F. An Optical Sensory System for Assessment of Residual Cancer Burden in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5761. [PMID: 37420927 DOI: 10.3390/s23125761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) require precise and accurate evaluation of treatment response. Residual cancer burden (RCB) is a prognostic tool widely used to estimate survival outcomes in breast cancer. In this study, we introduced a machine-learning-based optical biosensor called the Opti-scan probe to assess residual cancer burden in breast cancer patients undergoing NAC. The Opti-scan probe data were acquired from 15 patients (mean age: 61.8 years) before and after each cycle of NAC. Using regression analysis with k-fold cross-validation, we calculated the optical properties of healthy and unhealthy breast tissues. The ML predictive model was trained on the optical parameter values and breast cancer imaging features obtained from the Opti-scan probe data to calculate RCB values. The results show that the ML model achieved a high accuracy of 0.98 in predicting RCB number/class based on the changes in optical properties measured by the Opti-scan probe. These findings suggest that our ML-based Opti-scan probe has considerable potential as a valuable tool for the assessment of breast cancer response after NAC and to guide treatment decisions. Therefore, it could be a promising, non-invasive, and accurate method for monitoring breast cancer patient's response to NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Momtahen
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Maryam Momtahen
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Ramani Ramaseshan
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, BC Cancer, Abbotsford, BC V2S 0C2, Canada
| | - Farid Golnaraghi
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
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Pavlov MV, Bavrina AP, Plekhanov VI, Golubyatnikov GY, Orlova AG, Subochev PV, Davydova DA, Turchin IV, Maslennikova AV. Changes in the tumor oxygenation but not in the tumor volume and tumor vascularization reflect early response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:12. [PMID: 36717842 PMCID: PMC9887770 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) allows for assessing tumor sensitivity to systemic treatment, planning adjuvant treatment and follow-up. However, a sufficiently large number of patients fail to achieve the desired level of pathological tumor response while optimal early response assessment methods have not been established now. In our study, we simultaneously assessed the early chemotherapy-induced changes in the tumor volume by ultrasound (US), the tumor oxygenation by diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging (DOSI), and the state of the tumor vascular bed by Doppler US to elaborate the predictive criteria of breast tumor response to treatment. METHODS A total of 133 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of invasive breast cancer stage II to III admitted to NACT following definitive breast surgery were enrolled, of those 103 were included in the final analysis. Tumor oxygenation by DOSI, tumor volume by US, and tumor vascularization by Doppler US were determined before the first and second cycle of NACT. After NACT completion, patients underwent surgery followed by pathological examination and assessment of the pathological tumor response. On the basis of these, data regression predictive models were created. RESULTS We observed changes in all three parameters 3 weeks after the start of the treatment. However, a high predictive potential for early assessment of tumor sensitivity to NACT demonstrated only the level of oxygenation, ΔStO2, (ρ = 0.802, p ≤ 0.01). The regression model predicts the tumor response with a high probability of a correct conclusion (89.3%). The "Tumor volume" model and the "Vascularization index" model did not accurately predict the absence of a pathological tumor response to treatment (60.9% and 58.7%, respectively), while predicting a positive response to treatment was relatively better (78.9% and 75.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging appeared to be a robust tool for early predicting breast cancer response to chemotherapy. It may help identify patients who need additional molecular genetic study of the tumor in order to find the source of resistance to treatment, as well as to correct the treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Pavlov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Delovaya St., 11/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603126
| | - Anna P. Bavrina
- grid.416347.30000 0004 0386 1631Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minina Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Vladimir I. Plekhanov
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - German Yu. Golubyatnikov
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Anna G. Orlova
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Pavel V. Subochev
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Diana A. Davydova
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Delovaya St., 11/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603126
| | - Ilya V. Turchin
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Anna V. Maslennikova
- grid.416347.30000 0004 0386 1631Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minina Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950 ,grid.28171.3d0000 0001 0344 908XNational Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Ave., 23, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603022
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Vaupel P, Piazena H. Strong correlation between specific heat capacity and water content in human tissues suggests preferred heat deposition in malignant tumors upon electromagnetic irradiation. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:987-997. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2067596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vaupel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Piazena
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporative Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Lam JH, Tu KJ, Kim S. Narrowband diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the 900-1000 nm wavelength region to quantify water and lipid content of turbid media. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:3091-3102. [PMID: 34221647 PMCID: PMC8221973 DOI: 10.1364/boe.425451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a narrow wavelength band diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (nb-DRS) method to determine water and fat ratios of scattering media in the 900-1000 nm range. This method was shown to be linearly correlated with absolute water and fat concentrations as tested on a set of turbid emulsion phantoms with a range of water and lipid compositions. Robustness to scattering assumptions was demonstrated and compared against measured scattering by a frequency-domain photon migration system. nb-DRS was also tested on ex-vivo porcine samples and compared against direct tissue water extraction by analytical chemistry methods. We speculate nb-DRS has potential applications in portable devices such as clinical and digital health wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse H. Lam
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
- Dankook University, Beckman Laser Institute Korea, School of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kelsey J. Tu
- Dankook University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- Dankook University, Beckman Laser Institute Korea, School of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Dankook University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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Dadgar S, Troncoso JR, Siegel ER, Curry NM, Griffin RJ, Dings RPM, Rajaram N. Spectroscopic investigation of radiation-induced reoxygenation in radiation-resistant tumors. Neoplasia 2021; 23:49-57. [PMID: 33220616 PMCID: PMC7683290 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fractionated radiation therapy is believed to reoxygenate and subsequently radiosensitize surviving hypoxic cancer cells. Measuring tumor reoxygenation between radiation fractions could conceivably provide an early biomarker of treatment response. However, the relationship between tumor reoxygenation and local control is not well understood. We used noninvasive optical fiber-based diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to monitor radiation-induced changes in hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2) in tumor xenografts grown from two head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines - UM-SCC-22B and UM-SCC-47. Tumors were treated with 4 doses of 2 Gy over 2 consecutive weeks and diffuse reflectance spectra were acquired every day during the 2-week period. There was a statistically significant increase in sO2 in the treatment-responsive UM-SCC-22B tumors immediately following radiation. This reoxygenation trend was due to an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and disappeared over the next 48 h as sO2 returned to preradiation baseline values. Conversely, sO2 in the relatively radiation-resistant UM-SCC-47 tumors increased after every dose of radiation and was driven by a significant decrease in deoxygenated hemoglobin (dHb). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly elevated expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) in the UM-SCC-47 tumors prior to radiation and up to 48 h postradiation compared with the UM-SCC-22B tumors. Our observation of a decrease in dHb, a corresponding increase in sO2, as well as greater HIF-1α expression only in UM-SCC-47 tumors strongly suggests that the reoxygenation within these tumors is due to a decrease in oxygen consumption in the cancer cells, which could potentially play a role in promoting radiation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Dadgar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | | | - Eric R Siegel
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Natalie M Curry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ruud P M Dings
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Narasimhan Rajaram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
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