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Cao E, Cao Y, Sun M. Surface Plasmonic Core-Shell Nanostructures in Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering and Photocatalysis. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38490972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Core-shell nanostructures are a typical material design. Usually, it consists of a core wrapped in a shell. It has attracted much attention due to its tunable structure and composition, high surface area, and high programmability. The properties and resonance frequency of their surface plasmons can be adjusted by regulating the shape, size, and composition of metal core-shell nanostructures. This interaction makes core-shell nanostructures an excellent platform for plasmon-enhanced optical effects. This Perspective explores the categories of core-shell nanostructures, their exchanges with excitons in two-dimensional materials, their spectrum-enhanced aspects, and prospects for future applications of core-shell nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Cao
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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2
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Gao Y, Pei Y, Yao F, Hou C. Soliton-like surface plasmon polaritons generated on the surface of a silver nanowire embedded in a Kerr nonlinear medium. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4109-4112. [PMID: 37527130 DOI: 10.1364/ol.496036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) generated on the surface of a silver nanowire by coaxial Gaussian beams in Kerr nonlinear mediums is studied numerically. Enhancement of the propagation of the SPPs is realized due to the introduction of the nonlinear effect. Further adjusting the nonlinearity or the beam's intensity results in a soliton-like propagation of SPPs. This can be explained by the nonlinear self-focusing effect transferring more light into SPP modes and counteracting the attenuation caused by the absorption of metal. This result may contribute to SPP-based applications where an enhanced propagation length is needed.
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Koo Y, Lee H, Ivanova T, Savelev RS, Petrov MI, Kravtsov V, Park KD. Nanocavity-Integrated van der Waals Heterobilayers for Nano-excitonic Transistor. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4854-4861. [PMID: 36857198 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical computing with optical transistors has emerged as a possible solution to the exponentially growing computational workloads, yet an on-chip nano-optical modulation remains a challenge due to the intrinsically noninteracting nature of photons in addition to the diffraction limit. Here, we present an all-optical approach toward nano-excitonic transistors using an atomically thin WSe2/Mo0.5W0.5Se2 heterobilayer inside a plasmonic tip-based nanocavity. Through optical wavefront shaping, we selectively modulate tip-enhanced photoluminescence (TEPL) responses of intra- and interlayer excitons in a ∼25 nm2 area, demonstrating the enabling concept of an ultrathin 2-bit nano-excitonic transistor. We suggest a simple theoretical model describing the underlying adaptive TEPL modulation mechanism, which relies on the additional spatial degree of freedom provided by the presence of the plasmonic tip. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate a concept of a 2-trit nano-excitonic transistor, which can provide a technical basis for processing the massive amounts of data generated by emerging artificial intelligence technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjeong Koo
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongwoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatiana Ivanova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Roman S Savelev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Mihail I Petrov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Vasily Kravtsov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Kyoung-Duck Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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4
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Han Y, Bian X, Liang M, Li T, Zhu L, Zhao X, You R. Terahertz Enhanced Sensing of Uric Acid Based on Metallic Slot Array Metamaterial. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1902. [PMID: 36363923 PMCID: PMC9694246 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme-free terahertz uric acid sensor based on a metallic slot array metamaterial was proposed and realized both theoretically and experimentally. The sensing model was verified in simulation and femtosecond laser processing technology was employed to ablate slots in the copper plate to fabricate metamaterials. Analytes were tested with liquid phase deposition on the metamaterial by a terahertz frequency domain spectroscopy system. Gradient concentrations of uric acid, ascorbic acid, and a mixture of them were measured separately with a good linear response. A significant decrease in sensitivity was observed in the ascorbic acid assay compared with the uric acid assay. The test results of the mixture also proved that our device is resistant to ascorbic acid. It is a simple and effective method for monitoring uric acid concentrations and the strategy of eliminating interference while modulating the resonance peak location mentioned here can be rationally projected for the development of other sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Han
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Xiaomeng Bian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Misheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Tianshu Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Lianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhao
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui You
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing 100084, China
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Wu Y, Gargiulo S, Carbone F, Keitel CH, Pálffy A. Dynamical Control of Nuclear Isomer Depletion via Electron Vortex Beams. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:162501. [PMID: 35522485 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.162501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Some nuclear isomers are known to store a large amount of energy over long periods of time, with a very high energy-to-mass ratio. Here, we describe a protocol to achieve the external control of the isomeric nuclear decay by using electron vortex beams whose wave function has been especially designed and reshaped on demand. Recombination of these electrons into the isomer's atomic shell can lead to the controlled release of the stored nuclear energy. On the example of ^{93m}Mo, we show theoretically that the use of tailored electron vortex beams increases the depletion by 4 orders of magnitude compared to the spontaneous nuclear decay of the isomer. Furthermore, specific orbitals can sustain an enhancement of the recombination cross section for vortex electron beams by as much as 6 orders of magnitude, providing a handle for manipulating the capture mechanism. These findings open new prospects for controlling the interplay between atomic and nuclear degrees of freedom, with potential energy-related and high-energy radiation source applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Wu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Gargiulo
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Carbone
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Christoph H Keitel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adriana Pálffy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Abstract
Tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy, such as tip-enhanced photoluminescence (TEPL) and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), generally suffers from inconsistent signal enhancement and difficulty in polarization-resolved measurement. To address this problem, we present adaptive tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy optimizing the nano-optical vector-field at the tip apex. Specifically, we demonstrate dynamic wavefront shaping of the excitation field to effectively couple light to the tip and adaptively control for enhanced sensitivity and polarization-controlled TEPL and TERS. Employing a sequence feedback algorithm, we achieve ~4.4 × 104-fold TEPL enhancement of a WSe2 monolayer which is >2× larger than the normal TEPL intensity without wavefront shaping. In addition, with dynamical near-field polarization control in TERS, we demonstrate the investigation of conformational heterogeneity of brilliant cresyl blue molecules and the controllable observation of IR-active modes due to a large gradient field effect. Adaptive tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy thus provides for a systematic approach towards computational nanoscopy making optical nano-imaging more robust and widely deployable. Tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy suffers from inconsistent signal and difficulty in polarization-resolved measurement. Here, the authors present adaptive tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy, which enables the additional signal enhancement and near-field polarization control via dynamic wavefront shaping.
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Xiong L, Li Y, Jung M, Forsythe C, Zhang S, McLeod AS, Dong Y, Liu S, Ruta FL, Li C, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Fogler MM, Edgar JH, Shvets G, Dean CR, Basov DN. Programmable Bloch polaritons in graphene. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe8087. [PMID: 33962941 PMCID: PMC8104864 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient control of photons is enabled by hybridizing light with matter. The resulting light-matter quasi-particles can be readily programmed by manipulating either their photonic or matter constituents. Here, we hybridized infrared photons with graphene Dirac electrons to form surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and uncovered a previously unexplored means to control SPPs in structures with periodically modulated carrier density. In these periodic structures, common SPPs with continuous dispersion are transformed into Bloch polaritons with attendant discrete bands separated by bandgaps. We explored directional Bloch polaritons and steered their propagation by dialing the proper gate voltage. Fourier analysis of the near-field images corroborates that this on-demand nano-optics functionality is rooted in the polaritonic band structure. Our programmable polaritonic platform paves the way for the much-sought benefits of on-the-chip photonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiong
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yutao Li
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Minwoo Jung
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Carlos Forsythe
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Yinan Dong
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Song Liu
- The Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Frank L Ruta
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Casey Li
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Michael M Fogler
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - James H Edgar
- The Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Gennady Shvets
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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“Perfect” Terahertz Vortex Beams Formed Using Diffractive Axicons and Prospects for Excitation of Vortex Surface Plasmon Polaritons. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of a Bessel beam by a lens results in the formation of a “perfect” vortex beam (PVB) in the focal plane of the lens. The PVB has a single-ring cross-section and carries an orbital angular momentum (OAM) equal to the OAM of the “parent” beam. PVBs have numerous applications based on the assumption of their ideal ring-type structure. For instance, we proposed using terahertz PVBs to excite vortex surface plasmon polaritons propagating along cylindrical conductors and the creation of plasmon multiplex communication lines in the future (Comput. Opt. 2019, 43, 992). Recently, we demonstrated the formation of PVBs in the terahertz range using a Bessel beam produced using a spiral binary silicon axicon (Phys. Rev. A 2017, 96, 023846). It was shown that, in that case, the PVB was not annular, but was split into nested spiral segments, which was obviously a consequence of the method of Bessel beam generation. The search for methods of producing perfect beams with characteristics approaching theoretically possible ones is a topical task. Since for the terahertz range, there are no devices like spatial modulators of light in the visible range, the main method for controlling the mode composition of beams is the use of diffractive optical elements. In this work, we investigated the characteristics of perfect beams, the parent beams being quasi-Bessel beams created by three types of diffractive phase axicons made of high-resistivity silicon: binary, kinoform, and “holographic”. The amplitude-phase distributions of the field in real perfect beams were calculated numerically in the approximation of the scalar diffraction theory. An analytical expression was obtained for the case of the binary axicon. It was shown that a distribution closest to an ideal vortex was obtained using a holographic axicon. The resulting distributions were compared with experimental and theoretical distributions of the evanescent field of a plasmon near the gold–zinc sulfide–air surface at different thicknesses of the dielectric layer, and recommendations for experiments were given.
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Bai C, Chen J, Zhang Y, Kanwal S, Zhang D, Zhan Q. Shift of the surface plasmon polariton interference pattern in symmetrical arc slit structures and its application to Rayleigh metallic particle trapping. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:21210-21219. [PMID: 32680166 DOI: 10.1364/oe.398115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In symmetric nano/micro metal slit structures, interference patterns are produced by counter-propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the the center of structures, which can be employed to improve the resolution of microscopy and surface etching and to realize particle trapping. This paper focuses on the shift of the SPP interference patterns in the symmetric arc slit structures. The excitation models with one incident beam and two incident beams are established and analyzed respectively, and methods to shift the SPP interference patterns via adjusting the tilt angle and initial phase of the excitation beams are compared. The FDTD simulation results show that these methods can precisely shift the SPP interference patterns in the symmetrical arc slits. Compared to the linear slits, the SPP waves arising from arc slits are more strongly focused, resulting in a stronger gradient force. The characteristics of stronger focus and dynamic shifting of the focal spot give the symmetric arc slit structure unique advantages in the capture and transfer of the Rayleigh metallic particle.
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Feng F, Si G, Min C, Yuan X, Somekh M. On-chip plasmonic spin-Hall nanograting for simultaneously detecting phase and polarization singularities. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:95. [PMID: 32528669 PMCID: PMC7260171 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phase and polarization singularities are important degrees of freedom for electromagnetic field manipulation. Detecting these singularities is essential for modern optics, but it is still a challenge, especially in integrated optical systems. In this paper, we propose an on-chip plasmonic spin-Hall nanograting structure that simultaneously detects both the polarization and phase singularities of the incident cylindrical vortex vector beam (CVVB). The nanograting is symmetry-breaking with different periods for the upper and lower parts, which enables the unidirectional excitation of the surface plasmon polariton depending on the topological charge of the incident optical vortex beam. Additionally, spin-Hall meta-slits are integrated onto the grating so that the structure has a chiral response for polarization detection. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the designed structure fully discriminates both the topological charges and polarization states of the incident beam simultaneously. The proposed structure has great potential in compact integrated photonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Feng
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Guangyuan Si
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - Changjun Min
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Xiaocong Yuan
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Michael Somekh
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
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