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Gill RL, Fleck R, Chau K, Westerhausen MT, Lockwood TE, Violi JP, Irga PJ, Doblin MA, Torpy FR. Fine particle pollution during megafires contains potentially toxic elements. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123306. [PMID: 38185362 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Wildfires that raged across Australia during the 2019-2020 'Black Summer' produced an enormous quantity of particulate matter (PM) pollution, with plumes that cloaked many urban centres and ecosystems along the eastern seaboard. This has motivated a need to understand the magnitude and nature of PM exposure, so that its impact on both built and natural environments can be more accurately assessed. Here we present the potentially toxic fingerprint of PM captured by building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning filters in Sydney, Australia during the peak of the Wildfires, and from ambient urban emissions one year later (Reference period). Atmospheric PM and meteorological monitoring data were also assessed to determine the magnitude and source of high PM exposure. The wildfires were a major source of PM pollution in Sydney, exceeding the national standards on 19 % of days between November-February. Wildfire particles were finer and more spherical compared to Reference PM, with count median diameters of 892.1 ± 23.1 versus 1484.8 ± 96.7 nm (mean ± standard error). On an equal-mass basis, differences in potentially toxic elements were predominantly due to higher SO42--S (median 20.4 vs 4.7 mg g-1) and NO3--N (2.4 vs 1.2 mg g-1) in Wildfire PM, and higher PO43--P (10.4 vs 1.4 mg g-1) in Reference PM. Concentrations of remaining elements were similar or lower than Reference PM, except for enrichments to F-, Cl-, dissolved Mn, and particulate Mn, Co and Sb. Fractional solubilities of trace elements were similar or lower than Reference PM, except for enhanced Hg (12.1 vs 1.0 %) and greater variability in Cd, Hg and Mn solubility, which displayed upper quartiles exceeding that of Reference PM. These findings contribute to our understanding of human and ecosystem exposures to the toxic components of mixed smoke plumes, especially in regions downwind of the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa L Gill
- Productive Coasts, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Robert Fleck
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ky Chau
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Mika T Westerhausen
- Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Thomas E Lockwood
- Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jake P Violi
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peter J Irga
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Martina A Doblin
- Productive Coasts, Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Australia
| | - Fraser R Torpy
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Wilkinson A, Ariel E, van de Merwe J, Brodie J. Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Blood and Scute Trace Element Concentrations in the Northern Great Barrier Reef. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:2375-2388. [PMID: 37477460 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Marine turtles face numerous anthropogenic threats, including that of chemical contaminant exposure. The ecotoxicological impact of toxic metals is a global issue facing Chelonia mydas in coastal sites. Local investigation of C. mydas short-term blood metal profiles is an emerging field, while little research has been conducted on scute metal loads as potential indicators of long-term exposure. The aim of the present study was to investigate and describe C. mydas blood and scute metal profiles in coastal and offshore populations of the Great Barrier Reef. This was achieved by analyzing blood and scute material sampled from local C. mydas populations in five field sites, for a suite of ecologically relevant metals. By applying principal component analysis and comparing coastal sample data with those of reference intervals derived from the control site, insight was gleaned on local metal profiles of each population. Blood metal concentrations in turtles from coastal sites were typically elevated when compared with levels recorded in the offshore control population (Howick Island Group). Scute metal profiles were similar in Cockle Bay, Upstart Bay, and Edgecumbe Bay, all of which were distinct from that of Toolakea. Some elements were reported at similar concentrations in blood and scutes, but most were higher in scute samples, indicative of temporal accumulation. Coastal C. mydas populations may be at risk of toxic effects from metals such as Co, which was consistently found to be at concentrations magnitudes above region-specific reference intervals. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2375-2388. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wilkinson
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ellen Ariel
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason van de Merwe
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jon Brodie
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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Stankov U, Filimonau V, Vujičić MD, Basarin B, Carmer AB, Lazić L, Hansen BK, Ćirić Lalić D, Mujkić D. Ready for Action! Destination Climate Change Communication: An Archetypal Branding Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3874. [PMID: 36900886 PMCID: PMC10001621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
At the destination level, destination branding may coexist with climate change communication. These two communication streams often overlap because they are both designed for large audiences. This poses a risk to the effectiveness of climate change communication and its ability to prompt a desired climate action. The viewpoint paper advocates the use of archetypal branding approach to ground and center climate change communication at a destination level while concurrently maintaining the uniqueness of destination branding. Three archetypes of destinations are distinguished: villains, victims, and heroes. Destinations should refrain from actions that would make them appear to be climate change villains. A balanced approach is further warranted when portraying destinations as victims. Lastly, destinations should aim at assuming the heroic archetypes by excelling in climate change mitigation. The basic mechanisms of the archetypal approach to destination branding are discussed alongside a framework that suggests areas for further practical investigation of climate change communication at a destination level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uglješa Stankov
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Viachaslau Filimonau
- Centre for Sustainability and Wellbeing in the Visitor Economy, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Miroslav D. Vujičić
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Biljana Basarin
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Adam B. Carmer
- School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Lazar Lazić
- Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Brooke K. Hansen
- School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Danijela Ćirić Lalić
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dino Mujkić
- Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Wilkinson A, Ariel E, van de Merwe J, Brodie J. Trace element concentrations in forage seagrass species of Chelonia mydas along the Great Barrier Reef. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269806. [PMID: 35704620 PMCID: PMC9200345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxic metal exposure is a threat to green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) inhabiting and foraging in coastal seagrass meadows and are of particular concern in local bays of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), as numerous sources of metal contaminants are located within the region. Seagrass species tend to bioaccumulate metals at concentrations greater than that detected in the surrounding environment. Little is known regarding ecotoxicological impacts of environmental metal loads on seagrass or Chelonia mydas (C. mydas), and thus this study aimed to investigate and describe seagrass metal loads in three central GBR coastal sites and one offshore site located in the northern GBR. Primary seagrass forage of C. mydas was identified, and samples collected from foraging sites before and after the 2018/2019 wet season, and multivariate differences in metal profiles investigated between sites and sampling events. Most metals investigated were higher at one or more coastal sites, relative to data obtained from the offshore site, and cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) were found to be higher at all coastal sites. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) found that metal profiles in the coastal sites were similar, but all were distinctly different from that of the offshore data. Coastal foraging sites are influenced by land-based contaminants that can enter the coastal zone via river discharge during periods of heavy rainfall, and impact sites closest to sources. Bioavailability of metal elements are determined by complex interactions and processes that are largely unknown, but association between elevated metal loads and turtle disease warrants further investigation to better understand the impact of environmental contaminants on ecologically important seagrass and associated macrograzers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wilkinson
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ellen Ariel
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason van de Merwe
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jon Brodie
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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da Silva de Freitas A, de Oliveira Santos AD, da Cruz Félix L, Dos Santos RF, Bila DM, de Carvalho Aguiar VM, da Fonseca EM, Neto JAB. Multiproxy analysis in contaminated sediments from Niterói Harbour (Guanabara Bay), Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113348. [PMID: 35124378 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Harbours are located in major urban centres around the world and are of great economic importance to the cities in their surroundings. However, the intense traffic of boats and ships can generate environmental impacts that can directly affect the local biota as well as the population that lives in surrounding areas. Therefore, this work aimed to analyse the surface sediment of the Niterói Harbour using chemical, biological and micropalaeontological tools to investigate the environmental condition of this important harbour in Rio de Janeiro State. The pseudototal trace metal data analysed in the surface samples showed values far above those of the greater Guanabara Bay background. These data were corroborated by a high mortality rate of Artemia sp. and elevated presence of the bacterium Vibrio fischeri, indicating a high rate of local pollution. Dinoflagellate cysts also showed a direct response to high values of pseudototal trace metals. The data obtained in this study emphasize a need for greater monitoring of ports since the experience gained through this study in a Brazilian harbour can serve as an example for the management of other harbours located in large urban centres around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex da Silva de Freitas
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geologia, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ana Dalva de Oliveira Santos
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geologia, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Louise da Cruz Félix
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e do Meio Ambiente, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e do Meio Ambiente, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Estefan Monteiro da Fonseca
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geologia, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Antônio Baptista Neto
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geologia, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Hamilton DS, Perron MMG, Bond TC, Bowie AR, Buchholz RR, Guieu C, Ito A, Maenhaut W, Myriokefalitakis S, Olgun N, Rathod SD, Schepanski K, Tagliabue A, Wagner R, Mahowald NM. Earth, Wind, Fire, and Pollution: Aerosol Nutrient Sources and Impacts on Ocean Biogeochemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2022; 14:303-330. [PMID: 34416126 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-031921-013612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A key Earth system science question is the role of atmospheric deposition in supplying vital nutrients to the phytoplankton that form the base of marine food webs. Industrial and vehicular pollution, wildfires, volcanoes, biogenic debris, and desert dust all carry nutrients within their plumes throughout the globe. In remote ocean ecosystems, aerosol deposition represents an essential new source of nutrients for primary production. The large spatiotemporal variability in aerosols from myriad sources combined with the differential responses of marine biota to changing fluxes makes it crucially important to understand where, when, and how much nutrients from the atmosphere enter marine ecosystems. This review brings together existing literature, experimental evidence of impacts, and new atmospheric nutrient observations that can be compared with atmospheric and ocean biogeochemistry modeling. We evaluate the contribution and spatiotemporal variability of nutrient-bearing aerosols from desert dust, wildfire, volcanic, and anthropogenic sources, including the organic component, deposition fluxes, and oceanic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Hamilton
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA;
| | - Morgane M G Perron
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Battery Point, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - Tami C Bond
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Andrew R Bowie
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Battery Point, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - Rebecca R Buchholz
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA
| | - Cecile Guieu
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Akinori Ito
- Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0001, Japan
| | - Willy Maenhaut
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stelios Myriokefalitakis
- Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Penteli, Greece
| | - Nazlı Olgun
- Climate and Marine Sciences Division, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sagar D Rathod
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Kerstin Schepanski
- Institute of Meteorology, Freie Universität Berlin, 12165 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessandro Tagliabue
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GP, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Wagner
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Natalie M Mahowald
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA;
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Shirkhanloo H, Faghihi-Zarandi A, Mobarake MD. Thiol modified bimodal mesoporous silica nanoparticles for removal and determination toxic vanadium from air and human biological samples in petrochemical workers. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100339. [PMID: 35559840 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of exposure to toxic vanadium (V) in petrochemical workers is very important for human health, and it must be removed and determined in workplace air and human biological samples. In this research, the enriched adsorbent based on the thiol modified bimodal mesoporous silica nanoparticle (HS-UVM7) was used for the extraction vanadium in human blood by the dispersive sonication ionic liquid micro solid phase extraction (DS-IL-μ-SPE) at pH of 4.5. In addition, the vanadium (V) was removed from the industrial workplace air based on HS-UVM7 adsorbent by the liquid-solid phase-gas removal (LSP-GR). In the static and dynamic system, the vanadium (V) was removed from artificial air with HS-UVM7 and compared with the polyvinyl chloride membrane (PCM, sorbent in 7300 NIOSH). The LSP-GR procedure based on HS-UVM7 had more recovery and adsorption capacity as compared to PCM. The adsorption capacity of HS-UVM7 and UVM7 adsorbents were obtained 144.1 mg g-1 and 23.3 mg g-1, respectively. In addition, the main parameters effected on extraction vanadium in blood samples and removal from air were studied and optimized by ET-AAS. The LOD, RSD%, linear range (LR) and enrichment factor (EF) was achieved 0.03 μg L-1, 3.1, 0.1-4.5 μg L-1 and 48.7, respectively for extraction of vanadium in 10 mL of blood samples by the DS-IL-MSPE procedure. The validation of the methodology was confirmed by standard addition to gas phase and using certified reference materials (CRM, NIST) or ICP-MS in human blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Shirkhanloo
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, West Entrance Blvd., Olympic Village, P.O. Box: 14857-33111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Faghihi-Zarandi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Occupational Health Engineering Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Macro- and Micronutrient Cycling and Crucial Linkages to Geochemical Processes in Mangrove Ecosystems. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse9050456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High mangrove productivity is sustained by rapid utilization, high retention efficiency and maximum storage of nutrients in leaves, roots, and soils. Rapid microbial transformations and high mineralization efficiencies in tandem with physiological mechanisms conserve scarce nutrients. Macronutrient cycling is interlinked with micronutrient cycling; all nutrient cycles are linked closely to geochemical transformation processes. Mangroves can be N-, P-, Fe-, and Cu-limited; additions of Zn and Mo stimulate early growth until levels above pristine porewater concentrations induce toxicity. Limited nutrient availability is caused by sorption and retention onto iron oxides, clays, and sulfide minerals. Little N is exported as immobilization is the largest transformation process. Mn and S affect N metabolism and photosynthesis via early diagenesis and P availability is coupled to Fe-S redox oscillations. Fe is involved in nitrification, denitrification and anammox, and Mo is involved in NO3− reduction and N2-fixation. Soil Mg, K, Mn, Zn and Ni pool sizes decrease as mangrove primary productivity increases, suggesting increasing uptake and more rapid turnover than in less productive forests. Mangroves may be major contributors to oceanic Mn and Mo cycles, delivering 7.4–12.1 Gmol Mn a−1 to the ocean, which is greater than global riverine input. The global Mo import rate by mangroves corresponds to 15–120% of Mo supply to the oceanic Mo budget.
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Atmospheric Trace Metal Deposition from Natural and Anthropogenic Sources in Western Australia. ATMOSPHERE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11050474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aerosols from Western Australia supply micronutrient trace elements including Fe into the western shelf of Australia and further afield into the Southern and Indian Oceans. However, regional observations of atmospheric trace metal deposition are limited. Here, we applied a series of leaching experiments followed by total analysis of bulk aerosol samples to a unique time-series of aerosol samples collected in Western Australia to determine atmospheric concentrations and solubilities of Fe and V, Mn, Co, Zn, and Pb. Positive matrix factorisation analysis indicated that mineral dust, biomass burning particulates, sea salt, and industrial emissions were the major types of aerosols. Overall, natural sources dominated Fe deposition. Higher atmospheric concentrations of mineral dust (sixfold) and biomass burning emissions were observed in warmer compared to cooler months. The fraction of labile Fe (0.6–6.0%) was lower than that reported for other regions of Australia. Bushfire emissions are a temporary source of labile Fe and may cause a peak in the delivery of its more easily available forms to the ocean. Increased labile Fe deposition may result in higher ocean productivity in regions where Fe is limiting, and the effect of aerosol deposition on ocean productivity in this region requires further study.
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