Evaluating the Sensitivity of Growing Degree Days as an Agro-Climatic Indicator of the Climate Change Impact: A Case Study of the Russian Far East

Agrometeorological characteristics of spring oat varieties created in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals

An agrometeorollological assessment of five oat varieties (Megion, Talisman, Otrada, Foma, Tobolyak) of the breeding of the Northern Trans-Urals Research Institute of Agriculture - branch of the TyumSC SB RAS is given. The effect of the average daily air temperature and precipitation on the growth and development of plants has been established. The sensitivity of varieties to temperature is estimated. It was found that the optimal average daily air temperature during the sprout – ear emergence period was 16.4 … 16.8°C, during the ear emergence – waxy ripeness period - 17.5…19.4°C. The sums of effective temperatures over 10°C necessary for optimal growth and development of oat varieties are calculated. Varieties Megion, Talisman, Foma and Tobolyak in the period of sprout – ear emergence required a greater amount of effective temperatures (705.2…747.0°C) than in the period of ear emergence - wax ripeness (611.2…640.2°C). In the Otrada variety, the need for heat was slightly higher in the second interphase period (717.5°C) compared to the first (705.6°C). The optimal amount of precipitation required for the formation of a high yield (189.4…243.6 mm) is calculated. To realize the genetic potential of the Talisman and Otrada varieties, most of the precipitation is necessary during the sprout – ear emergence period, and the Megion, Foma and Tobolyak varieties - during the period of ear emergence - waxy ripeness.

Development of Precise Indices for Assessing the Potential Impacts of Climate Change

The Special Issue on climate indices and climate change deals with various kinds of indices exits to assess weather and climate over a region. These indices might be based on local, regional, remote variables, which may affect and define the weather and climate of a region. Climate indices are the time series used to monitor the state of the climate and its relationship with other possible causes. With indices being myriad, it is challenging to choose which one is appropriate for a region of interest. However, the relationship between the indices and the climate of a region varies. El-Nino Southern Oscillation (Southern Oscillation Index, SOI/ENSO) is one of the most robust climate signals that stimulate rainfall, temperature, and hurricanes via teleconnections. SOI has a correlation of 0.5 over the Indonesian archipelago. Here, some of the well-known indices Holiday Climate Index (HCI), Tourism Climate Index (TCI), and Simple Diversity Index (SDI) are being reconnoitered to understand the holiday-tourism, end-of-the-day (EOD) judgment. The intrusion of dry air in the middle troposphere can create unstable weather, leading to heavy precipitation. The Special Issue seeks to encourage researchers to discover new indices in multidisciplinary department of atmospheric and physical sciences.